No. Registros Solicitud 1 5614 colombia

CO - CODEN: EOSTAJ

AN - ACCESSION NUMBER: 2002-077902

UD - UPDATE CODE: 200224

Registro 510 de 5614 - GeoRef : 2002-2004/12

TI - TITLE: The role & application of palynology in hydrocarbon development & production; examples from the Cusiana Field, Llanos foothills, Colombia.

AU - AUTHORS: Lowe-Stephen

AF - AUTHOR AFFILIATION: BP Exploration, Sunbury-on-Thames, United Kingdom

BK - BOOK TITLE: In: Geological Society of America, 2000 annual meeting.

BA - BOOK AUTHORS: Anonymous

SO - SOURCE: Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America. 32; 7, Pages 128. 2000.

PB - PUBLISHER: Geological Society of America (GSA). Boulder, CO, United States. 2000.

CP - COUNTRY OF PUBLICATION: United-States

PY - PUBLICATION YEAR: 2000

CN - CONFERENCE INFORMATION: Geological Society of America, 2000 annual meeting. Reno, NV, United States. Nov. 9-18, 2000.

LA - LANGUAGE: English

AB - ABSTRACT: Palynology has a history of successful application to hydrocarbon exploration (through stratigraphic prediction and risk recognition), but exploration discoveries lead onto different business and technical challenges during the process of appraisal, development and production. Throughout this exploitation phase, a wide range of technologies are typically employed which enable discoveries to be brought "on stream" both rapidly and cost effectively, whilst ensuring safe, clean, optimum and sustained production. This presentation describes the role of palynology in this multi-disciplinary work environment and illustrates some of the applications in the specific areas of reservoir description and well-site operations. Examples are presented from Cusiana field, located in the foothills of the Eastern Cordillera of the Colombian Andes. Discovered in 1991, Cusiana is still the largest oil field in Colombia, with production from Late Cretaceous to Eocene reservoirs (Guadalupe, Barco & Mirador Formations) deposited in shallow marine to non-marine settings. The examples show how palynology is used for resolving the complex stratigraphy and depositional histories of these reservoirs (key factors in understanding sand-body connectivity, modelling of shale barriers/baffles, recognising structural compartments and enabling robust intra-reservoir correlation). The presentation also shows how palynology has often revealed some unique insights into the stratigraphic architecture and production behaviour of the reservoirs and has significantly contributed to building realistic models for reservoir simulation. Finally, the contribution and business impact of "real time" well-site bio-steering of horizontal wells is illustrated.

DE - DESCRIPTORS: Andes-; applications-; Barco-Formation; biostratigraphy-; Cenozoic-; Colombia-; connectivity-; Cusiana-Field; development-; directional-drilling; drilling-; Eastern-Cordillera; Eocene-; Guadalupe-Formation; horizontal-drilling; Llanos-; marine-environment; microfossils-; Mirador-Formation; models-; oil-and-gas-fields; oil-wells; organic-compounds; Paleogene-; palynomorphs-; petroleum-; petroleum-exploration; planar-bedding-structures; production-; reservoir-rocks; risk-assessment; sand-bodies; sedimentary-structures; shallow-water-environment; simulation-; South-America; Tertiary-

CC - CATEGORY CODES: 29A-Economic-geology,-geology-of-energy-sources; 12-Stratigraphy

DT - DOCUMENT TYPE: Abstract; Serial; Conference-Document

BL - BIB LEVEL: Analytic

RF - REFERENCE SOURCE: GeoRef, Copyright 2002, American Geological Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States

IS - ISSN: 0016-7592

CO - CODEN: GAAPBC

AN - ACCESSION NUMBER: 2002-077721

UD - UPDATE CODE: 200224

Registro 511 de 5614 - GeoRef : 2002-2004/12

TI - TITLE: Marmato l'or l'Eldorado

Translated Title: Eldorado gold, Marmato.

AU - AUTHORS: Pardon-Daniel

SO - SOURCE: Mineraux et Fossiles, le Guide du Collectionneur. 22; 245, Pages 34-37. 1996.

PB - PUBLISHER: Mineraux et Fossiles. Meung-sur-Loire, France. 1996.

CP - COUNTRY OF PUBLICATION: France

PY - PUBLICATION YEAR: 1996

LA - LANGUAGE: French

DE - DESCRIPTORS: Colombia-; Eldorado-Deposit; gold-ores; history-; Marmato-Colombia; metal-ores; mineral-composition; mining-; mining-geology; silver-ores; South-America

CC - CATEGORY CODES: 27A-Economic-geology,-geology-of-ore-deposits

DT - DOCUMENT TYPE: Serial

BL - BIB LEVEL: Analytic

IL - ILLUSTRATION: illus.

RF - REFERENCE SOURCE: GeoRef, Copyright 2002, American Geological Institute. Reference includes data from Geoline, Bundesanstalt fur Geowissenschaften und Rohstoffe, Hanover, Germany

IS - ISSN: 0335-6566

AN - ACCESSION NUMBER: 2002-073716

UD - UPDATE CODE: 200223

Registro 512 de 5614 - GeoRef : 2002-2004/12

TI - TITLE: Umir Formation; organic geochemical and stratigraphic assessment as cosource for Middle Magdalena Basin oil, Colombia.

AU - AUTHORS: Rangel-A; Moldowan-J-M; Nino-C; Parra-P; Giraldo-B-N

AF - AUTHOR AFFILIATION: Ecopetrol, Instituto Colombiano del Petroleo, Piedecuesta, Colombia

SO - SOURCE: AAPG Bulletin. 86; 12, Pages 2067-2085. 2002.

PB - PUBLISHER: American Association of Petroleum Geologists. Tulsa, OK, United States. 2002.

CP - COUNTRY OF PUBLICATION: United-States

PY - PUBLICATION YEAR: 2002

LA - LANGUAGE: English

DE - DESCRIPTORS: aliphatic-hydrocarbons; alkanes-; Angiospermae-; aromatic-hydrocarbons; bicadinane-; biomarkers-; C-13-C-12; carbon-; central-Colombia; Colombia-; Cretaceous-; cycles-; Esmeralda-Formation; gas-chromatograms; genesis-; geochemistry-; hopanes-; hopanoids-; hydrocarbons-; hydrogen-; isotope-ratios; isotopes-; La-Luna-Formation; La-Paz-Formation; lithofacies-; Mata-de-Cacao-Creek; Mesozoic-; Middle-Magdalena-Basin; migration-; oil-and-gas-fields; oleananes-; organic-compounds; outcrops-; petrography-; petroleum-; phytane-; Plantae-; pristane-; pyrolysis-; reserves-; Rock-Eval; San-Luis-Field; sequence-stratigraphy; source-rocks; South-America; Spermatophyta-; stable-isotopes; steranes-; total-organic-carbon; triterpanes-; Umir-Formation; Upper-Cretaceous

CC - CATEGORY CODES: 29A-Economic-geology,-geology-of-energy-sources; 12-Stratigraphy; 02D-Isotope-geochemistry

DT - DOCUMENT TYPE: Serial

BL - BIB LEVEL: Analytic

RF - REFERENCE SOURCE: GeoRef, Copyright 2002, American Geological Institute.

IS - ISSN: 0149-1423

CO - CODEN: AABUD2

AN - ACCESSION NUMBER: 2002-073470

UD - UPDATE CODE: 200223

Registro 513 de 5614 - GeoRef : 2002-2004/12

TI - TITLE: Seismic hazard in Cali, Colombia; a review.

AU - AUTHORS: Prieto-Ramirez-Andres

AF - AUTHOR AFFILIATION: Administrative Department of Municipal Planning, Bogota, Colombia

SO - SOURCE: Bulletin of the International Institute of Seismology and Earthquake Engineering. 35; Pages 21-31. 2001.

PB - PUBLISHER: International Institute of Seismology and Earthquake Engineering. Tokyo, Japan. 2001.

CP - COUNTRY OF PUBLICATION: Japan

PY - PUBLICATION YEAR: 2001

LA - LANGUAGE: English

AB - ABSTRACT: Cali is exposed to the action of diverse seismic sources, since it is located in a high dynamic and complex tectonic environment determined by the convergence of two tectonic plates: Nazca and South America. It was settled over a diverse kind of soils (rocks, alluvial cones, slope deposits, alluvial plain deposits) which have large differences in their physical and mechanical characteristics. These features result in a high level of seismic hazard for Cali. Several investigations have been done in Cali about the main incidence factors over seismic hazard and risk. Most of these studies and investigations have been done by the Seismological Observatory of South West (OSSO) of the Valle University. The related studies in the rest of the country have been done by the Javeriana University, INGEOMINAS (Colombian Institute of Investigations in Geoscience, Mining and Chemist), AIS (Colombian Association of Seismic Engineering) and University of Los Andes, among others. This document shows the present knowledge on the most prominent aspects of the seismic hazard in Cali. The information has been taken from existing studies.

DE - DESCRIPTORS: attenuation-; Cali-Colombia; Colombia-; earthquakes-; geologic-hazards; ground-motion; liquefaction-; preventive-measures; review-; seismic-networks; seismic-risk; seismic-zoning; seismicity-; South-America; urban-environment

CC - CATEGORY CODES: 22-Environmental-geology; 19-Seismology

DT - DOCUMENT TYPE: Serial

BL - BIB LEVEL: Analytic

MC - MAP COORDINATES: LAT: N033000; N033000; LONG: W0763000; W0763000.

IL - ILLUSTRATION: Refs: 11; illus. incl. sketch maps.

RF - REFERENCE SOURCE: GeoRef, Copyright 2002, American Geological Institute.

IS - ISSN: 0074-655X

CO - CODEN: IISBB2

AN - ACCESSION NUMBER: 2002-073101

UD - UPDATE CODE: 200223

Registro 514 de 5614 - GeoRef : 2002-2004/12

TI - TITLE: Stability analysis of prediction models for landslide hazard mapping.

AU - AUTHORS: Chung-Chang-Jo-F; Kojima-Hirohito; Fabbri-Andrea-G

AF - AUTHOR AFFILIATION: Geological Survey of Canada, Spatial Data Analysis Laboratory, Ottawa, ON, Canada

BK - BOOK TITLE: In: Applied geomorphology; theory and practice.

BA - BOOK AUTHORS: Allison-Robert-J (editor)

SO - SOURCE: Geomorphology Publication - International Association of Geomorphologists. 10; Pages 3-19. 2002.

PB - PUBLISHER: John Wiley & Sons. Chichester, United Kingdom. 2002.

CP - COUNTRY OF PUBLICATION: United-Kingdom

PY - PUBLICATION YEAR: 2002

LA - LANGUAGE: English

DE - DESCRIPTORS: causes-; central-Colombia; Central-Cordillera; Colombia-; fuzzy-logic; geographic-information-systems; geologic-hazards; geomorphology-; information-systems; land-use; landslides-; mapping-; mass-movements; mechanism-; prediction-; quantitative-analysis; regional-planning; Rio-Chincina-Basin; slope-stability; South-America; spatial-distribution

CC - CATEGORY CODES: 22-Environmental-geology; 23-Geomorphology

DT - DOCUMENT TYPE: Serial

BL - BIB LEVEL: Analytic

MC - MAP COORDINATES: LAT: N045300; N045300; LONG: W0752200; W0752200.

NN - ANNOTATION: Includes appendices.

IL - ILLUSTRATION: Refs: 18; illus. incl. 2 plates, 4 tables, geol. sketch maps.

RF - REFERENCE SOURCE: GeoRef, Copyright 2002, American Geological Institute.

IB - ISBN: 0-471-89555-5

CO - CODEN: #05408

AN - ACCESSION NUMBER: 2002-073059

UD - UPDATE CODE: 200223

Registro 515 de 5614 - GeoRef : 2002-2004/12

TI - TITLE: Problems and approaches in environmental geology in Latin America; the Colombian experience.

AU - AUTHORS: Hermelin-Michel

BK - BOOK TITLE: In: Planning the use of the Earth's surface.

BA - BOOK AUTHORS: Cendrero-Antonio (editor); Luettig-Gerd (editor); Wolff-Fredrik-C (editor)

SO - SOURCE: Lecture Notes in Earth Sciences. 42; Pages 421-439. 1992.

PB - PUBLISHER: Springer-Verlag. Berlin-Heidelberg-New York, Federal Republic of Germany. 1992.

CP - COUNTRY OF PUBLICATION: Federal-Republic-of-Germany

PY - PUBLICATION YEAR: 1992

CN - CONFERENCE INFORMATION: International advanced workshop on Planning the use of the Earth's surface. Santander, Spain. Nov. 1, 1989.

LA - LANGUAGE: English

DE - DESCRIPTORS: Colombia-; damage-; environmental-management; geologic-hazards; human-activity; Latin-America; mass-movements; preventive-measures; seismic-risk; South-America

CC - CATEGORY CODES: 22-Environmental-geology

DT - DOCUMENT TYPE: Serial; Conference-Document

BL - BIB LEVEL: Analytic

IL - ILLUSTRATION: 5 tables.

RF - REFERENCE SOURCE: GeoRef, Copyright 2002, American Geological Institute. Reference includes data from Geoline, Bundesanstalt fur Geowissenschaften und Rohstoffe, Hanover, Germany

IS - ISSN: 0930-0317

IB - ISBN: 3-540-55353-3

CO - CODEN: #52060

AN - ACCESSION NUMBER: 2002-072626

UD - UPDATE CODE: 200223

Registro 516 de 5614 - GeoRef : 2002-2004/12

TI - TITLE: Miel I; a 188 m-high RCC dam in Colombia.

AU - AUTHORS: Marulanda-Alberto; Castro-Alvaro; Rubiano-Nestor-R

AF - AUTHOR AFFILIATION: Ingetec, Bogota, Colombia

SO - SOURCE: International Journal on Hydropower and Dams. 9; 3, Pages 76-81. 2002.

PB - PUBLISHER: Aqua-Media International. Sutton, United Kingdom. 2002.

CP - COUNTRY OF PUBLICATION: United-Kingdom

PY - PUBLICATION YEAR: 2002

LA - LANGUAGE: English

DE - DESCRIPTORS: Colombia-; construction-; construction-materials; dams-; design-; engineering-properties; hydroelectric-energy; South-America; spillways-

CC - CATEGORY CODES: 30-Engineering-geology

DT - DOCUMENT TYPE: Serial

BL - BIB LEVEL: Analytic

IL - ILLUSTRATION: Refs: 3; illus. incl. sketch map.

RF - REFERENCE SOURCE: GeoRef, Copyright 2002, American Geological Institute.

IS - ISSN: 1352-2523

AN - ACCESSION NUMBER: 2002-072485

UD - UPDATE CODE: 200222

Registro 517 de 5614 - GeoRef : 2002-2004/12

TI - TITLE: Progress report of Laboratory of Global Tectonics and Metallogeny, Prague 1991-1993.

AU - AUTHORS: Anonymous

SO - SOURCE: Global Tectonics and Metallogeny. 6; 1, Pages 57-72. 1996.

PB - PUBLISHER: Laboratory of Global Tectonics and Metallogeny in cooperation with the Commission on Tectonics of Ore Deposits of the International Association on the Genesis of Ore Deposits. Washington, DC, United States. 1996.

CP - COUNTRY OF PUBLICATION: United-States

PY - PUBLICATION YEAR: 1996

LA - LANGUAGE: English

DE - DESCRIPTORS: Africa-; Albania-; Andes-; Asia-; bibliography-; Carpathians-; Central-Europe; China-; Colombia-; Commonwealth-of-Independent-States; crust-; Czech-Erzgebirge; Czech-Republic; deep-seated-structures; East-Africa; Ecuador-; Erzgebirge-; Ethiopia-; Europe-; Far-East; geochemistry-; geothermal-energy; geothermal-fields; Greece-; heat-flow; Indonesia-; institutions-; island-arcs; Laboratory-of-Global-Tectonics-and-Metallogeny; mantle-; metal-ores; metallogeny-; metals-; mineral-deposits,-genesis; Mongolia-; Morocco-; North-Africa; orogenic-belts; Pacific-Ocean; paleogeography-; paleomagnetism-; plate-tectonics; progress-report; rare-earths; report-; seismotectonics-; Slovakia-; South-America; Southern-Europe; subduction-; Sudan-; tectonics-; Urals-; velocity-structure

CC - CATEGORY CODES: 27A-Economic-geology,-geology-of-ore-deposits; 16-Structural-geology

DT - DOCUMENT TYPE: Serial

BL - BIB LEVEL: Analytic

RF - REFERENCE SOURCE: GeoRef, Copyright 2002, American Geological Institute. Reference includes data from Geoline, Bundesanstalt fur Geowissenschaften und Rohstoffe, Hanover, Germany

IS - ISSN: 0163-3171

CO - CODEN: #00644

AN - ACCESSION NUMBER: 2002-071728

UD - UPDATE CODE: 200222

Registro 518 de 5614 - GeoRef : 2002-2004/12

TI - TITLE: Triassische Korallen der suedlichen Zentral-Anden

Translated Title: Triassic corals from the southern Central Andes.

AU - AUTHORS: Prinz-Grimm-Peter

AF - AUTHOR AFFILIATION: Philipps-Univ. Marburg, Inst. Geol. Palaeontol., Marburg, Federal Republic of Germany

SO - SOURCE: Geologica et Palaeontologica. 29; Pages 233-243. 1995.

PB - PUBLISHER: Elwert. Marburg, Federal Republic of Germany. 1995.

CP - COUNTRY OF PUBLICATION: Federal-Republic-of-Germany

PY - PUBLICATION YEAR: 1995

LA - LANGUAGE: German

LS - LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY: English

DE - DESCRIPTORS: Andes-; Anthozoa-; biogeography-; Central-Andes; Chile-; Coelenterata-; Colombia-; Invertebrata-; Mesozoic-; Peru-; Scleractinia-; South-America; Triassic-; Upper-Triassic; Zoantharia-

CC - CATEGORY CODES: 10-Invertebrate-paleontology

DT - DOCUMENT TYPE: Serial

BL - BIB LEVEL: Analytic

IL - ILLUSTRATION: Refs: 39; illus. incl. sketch maps.

RF - REFERENCE SOURCE: GeoRef, Copyright 2002, American Geological Institute. Reference includes data from Geoline, Bundesanstalt fur Geowissenschaften und Rohstoffe, Hanover, Germany

IS - ISSN: 0072-1018

CO - CODEN: GPALA2

AN - ACCESSION NUMBER: 2002-071719

UD - UPDATE CODE: 200222

Registro 519 de 5614 - GeoRef : 2002-2004/12

TI - TITLE: The nature and provenance of accreted oceanic terranes in western Ecuador; geochemical and tectonic constraints.

AU - AUTHORS: Kerr-Andrew-C; Aspden-John-A; Tarney-John; Pilatasig-Luis-F

AF - AUTHOR AFFILIATION: Cardiff University, Department of Earth Sciences, Cardiff, United Kingdom

SO - SOURCE: Journal of the Geological Society of London. 159, Part 5; Pages 577-594. 2002.

PB - PUBLISHER: Geological Society of London. London, United Kingdom. 2002.

CP - COUNTRY OF PUBLICATION: United-Kingdom

PY - PUBLICATION YEAR: 2002

LA - LANGUAGE: English

AB - ABSTRACT: Western Ecuador consists of a complex tectonic melange of oceanic terranes accreted to the continental margin from Late Cretaceous to Eocene time. New geochemical data from these accreted terranes (arising from a 5 year British Geological Survey mapping programme) indicate that they comprise rocks from a variety of oceanic tectonic settings: from thickened (and relatively unsubductable) oceanic plateau basalts, through island-arc tholeiites, with occasional more calc-alkaline lavas, to back-arc basin basalt sequences. This study has enabled us to construct a new geodynamic model for the Cretaceous-Tertiary evolution of the Northern Andes, and has placed important new constraints on the extent of oceanic plateau sequences in Colombia and around the Caribbean. The age and nature of sediments, combined with evidence for the age of peak metamorphism, suggests that a prolonged (15-20 Ma) accretionary event occurred in Late Cretaceous time and involved the collision of an oceanic plateau (represented by the Pallatanga Unit) with the continental margin. This accreted unit can be correlated with similar oceanic plateau sequences from the Western Cordillera of Colombia and those within and around the Caribbean region. The Naranjal and Macuchi island arcs and the associated La Portada back-arc basin developed along the accreted margin from Late Campanian to Eocene time, and these arcs accreted to the continental margin along with oceanic plateau material (represented by the Pinon Unit and Pedernales-Esmeraldas sequences) during Eocene time. The development of island arcs, which separate the two accretionary events, implies that the most westerly (coastal) oceanic plateau sequences, both in Ecuador (Pinon and Pedernales-Esmeraldas) and in Colombia (Gorgona and Serrania de Baudo), cannot belong to the Caribbean-Colombian Oceanic Plateau (CCOP). It therefore appears that at least two different oceanic plateaux are preserved within the accreted oceanic terranes of the Northern Andes. It is possible that the CCOP formed over the Galapagos hotspot, as previously proposed, but the more westerly Coastal plateau was derived from a more southerly hotspot source region, such as Sala y Gomez, in the SE Pacific.

DE - DESCRIPTORS: accretionary-wedges; basalts-; Cenozoic-; Central-Cordillera; chemical-composition; Cretaceous-; crust-; Ecuador-; Eocene-; geodynamics-; igneous-rocks; island-arcs; lava-; major-elements; Mesozoic-; metals-; oceanic-crust; Paleogene-; Prinon-Ecuador; rare-earths; San-Lorenzo-Ecuador; South-America; tectonics-; terranes-; Tertiary-; trace-elements; Upper-Cretaceous; volcanic-rocks

CC - CATEGORY CODES: 02C-Geochemistry-of-rocks,-soils,-and-sediments; 16-Structural-geology

DT - DOCUMENT TYPE: Serial

BL - BIB LEVEL: Analytic

MC - MAP COORDINATES: LAT: S030000; N010000; LONG: W0780000; W0810000.

IL - ILLUSTRATION: Refs: 57; illus. incl. 3 tables, sketch map.

RF - REFERENCE SOURCE: GeoRef, Copyright 2002, American Geological Institute. Reference includes data from The Geological Society, London, London, United Kingdom

IS - ISSN: 0016-7649

CO - CODEN: JGSLAS

AN - ACCESSION NUMBER: 2002-071607

UD - UPDATE CODE: 200222

Registro 520 de 5614 - GeoRef : 2002-2004/12

TI - TITLE: Propuesta metodologicas para la realizacion de cartografia geologica subterranea en rocas duras

Translated Title: Methodology for underground geologic cartography in hard rocks.

AU - AUTHORS: Tobo-Jorge-Ivan; Estrada-Pablo-Fernando

AF - AUTHOR AFFILIATION: Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Departamento de Recursos Minerales, Medellin, Colombia

SO - SOURCE: Dyna (Medellin, Colombia). 131; Pages 41-49. 2000.

PB - PUBLISHER: Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Facultad Nacional de Minas. Medellin, Colombia. 2000.

CP - COUNTRY OF PUBLICATION: Colombia

PY - PUBLICATION YEAR: 2000

LA - LANGUAGE: Spanish

LS - LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY: English

AB - ABSTRACT: This paper presents some methods for underground geological mapping, fundamental for gathering geological and structural data, which are later processed and presented for making decisions regarding directioning, stability, design of tunnel support and opening for mineral exploitation, road projects or hydroelectric projects. The proposed methods have some important differences like: In the first one, the use of compass is essential, the plane used for drawing the map is imaginary and the descriptions are essentially fieldbook narratives. In the second one, the compass is not required, the plane used for drawing the map is the representation of the roof and the 90 degrees rotates walls, and formal fieldmaps and fieldbooks are used for description.

DE - DESCRIPTORS: cartography-; correlation-; data-acquisition; description-; fractures-; graphic-methods; mapping-; mines-; mining-; orientation-; permeability-; rock-mechanics; rocks-; spatial-data; stability-; techniques-; topography-; tunnels-; underground-mining

CC - CATEGORY CODES: 30-Engineering-geology

DT - DOCUMENT TYPE: Serial

BL - BIB LEVEL: Analytic

IL - ILLUSTRATION: Refs: 11; illus. incl. 2 tables.

RF - REFERENCE SOURCE: GeoRef, Copyright 2002, American Geological Institute.

IS - ISSN: 0012-7353

CO - CODEN: DYNAAU

AN - ACCESSION NUMBER: 2002-071260

UD - UPDATE CODE: 200222

Registro 521 de 5614 - GeoRef : 2002-2004/12

TI - TITLE: Reconstruccion de las presiones parciales de CO (sub 2) y nitrato en el Pacifico oriental para los ultimos 150.000 anos

Translated Title: Reconstruction of partial pressure of CO (sub 2) and nitrate in the East Pacific for the last 150,000 years.

AU - AUTHORS: Martinez-Jose-Ignacio

AF - AUTHOR AFFILIATION: Universidad EAFIT, Departamento de Geologia, Medellin, Colombia

SO - SOURCE: Dyna (Medellin, Colombia). 131; Pages 33-39. 2000.

PB - PUBLISHER: Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Facultad Nacional de Minas. Medellin, Colombia. 2000.

CP - COUNTRY OF PUBLICATION: Colombia

PY - PUBLICATION YEAR: 2000

LA - LANGUAGE: Spanish

AB - ABSTRACT: Reconstructions of the differences in CO (sub 2) partial pressure between the ocean and the atmosphere (Delta pCO (sub 2) ) and nitrate levels [NO (sub 3) ] are attempted for the Eastern Pacific Ocean for the last 150.000 years. The reconstructions are based on the application of the present-day relationships of Delta pCO (sub 2) and [NO (sub 3) ] with sea-surface temperature (SST) on published reconstructions of SST based on radiolarians (siliceous planktonic microfossils; Pisias and Mix, (1997). Results are in agreement with empirical reconstructions of Delta pCO (sub 2) and [NO (sub 3) ], thus supporting the view of: (1) increased values of Delta pCO (sub 2) and [NO (sub 3) ] for the region south of the Equatorial Front during the last glacial period, i.e. >120 mu atm of Delta pCO (sub 2) and >15 mu M of [NO (sub 3) ], indicating that the ocean has been a major source of CO (sub 2) to the atmosphere, and (2) biological utilization of nutrients has been incomplete despite a higher primary productivity and stronger upwelling during the last glacial period.