CP - COUNTRY OF PUBLICATION: Colombia
PY - PUBLICATION YEAR: 1998
LA - LANGUAGE: Spanish
LS - LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY: English
AB - ABSTRACT: In this study, the thermogravimetry was used in order to measure the susceptibility of coal to the spontaneous heating and the existant relations between some properties of fuel and the phenomenon are illustrated. The experimental part was realised with sample of seam from mines of Carboniferous Zone of La Sinifana in the Department of Antioquia. It was determined that the coal tendency to self-inflammation is influenced by moisture, fixed carbon, elemental carbon and oxygen content; whereas, there was not relation between the ash and volatile matter content and the spontaneous combustion.
DE - DESCRIPTORS: coal-; coal-mines; combustion-; engineering-geology; fires-; heat-transfer; mines-; mining-geology; physical-properties; preventive-measures; risk-assessment; safety-; sedimentary-rocks; volatiles-
CC - CATEGORY CODES: 06B-Petrology-of-coal; 30-Engineering-geology
DT - DOCUMENT TYPE: Serial
BL - BIB LEVEL: Analytic
IL - ILLUSTRATION: Refs: 9; illus. incl. 8 tables.
RF - REFERENCE SOURCE: GeoRef, Copyright 2002, American Geological Institute.
IS - ISSN: 0012-7353
CO - CODEN: DYNAAU
AN - ACCESSION NUMBER: 1999-060713
UD - UPDATE CODE: 199921
Registro 5391 de 5614 - GeoRef 1997-2001
TI - TITLE: Riesgo potencial de explosiones de polvo combustible en minas subterraneas de carbon
Translated Title: Potential explosion risk of combustible dust in underground coal mines.
AU - AUTHORS: Castro-Marin-William; Martinez-G-Claudia-P
AF - AUTHOR AFFILIATION: Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Facultad de Mina, Medellin, Colombia
SO - SOURCE: Dyna (Medellin, Colombia). 124; Pages 37-53. 1998.
PB - PUBLISHER: Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Facultad Nacional de Minas. Medellin, Colombia. 1998.
CP - COUNTRY OF PUBLICATION: Colombia
PY - PUBLICATION YEAR: 1998
LA - LANGUAGE: Spanish
LS - LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY: English
AB - ABSTRACT: This article deals with aspects related to the risk of dust explosions in coal mines, namely: The necessary characteristics that render the coal dust a potential source of explosions, The most common causes of ignition, The effects of dust outbursts, The parameters through which the degree of explosivity of a particular coal sample are recognized, The experimental indexes that, as a first approximation, indicate the possibility of explosion at a particular area of the mine. The study and analysis of these factors, considered as indicators, points out to a high susceptibility of the coals under consideration to the explosion phenomenon and to the need to implement means to forestall the risk of initiation of an explosion, to control its propagation and to suffocate the explosion that has happened. Techniques of prevention and control of dust explosions are presented.
DE - DESCRIPTORS: chemical-composition; chemical-explosions; clastic-sediments; coal-mines; concentration-; dust-; explosions-; granulometry-; mines-; mining-; mining-geology; preventive-measures; risk-assessment; safety-; sediments-; underground-mining
CC - CATEGORY CODES: 30-Engineering-geology
DT - DOCUMENT TYPE: Serial
BL - BIB LEVEL: Analytic
IL - ILLUSTRATION: Refs: 1; 4 tables.
RF - REFERENCE SOURCE: GeoRef, Copyright 2002, American Geological Institute.
IS - ISSN: 0012-7353
CO - CODEN: DYNAAU
AN - ACCESSION NUMBER: 1999-060712
UD - UPDATE CODE: 199921
Registro 5392 de 5614 - GeoRef 1997-2001
TI - TITLE: Colombia.
AU - AUTHORS: Anonymous
SO - SOURCE: Mining Annual Review. 1998; Pages 108. 1998.
PB - PUBLISHER: Mining Journal. London, United Kingdom. 1998.
CP - COUNTRY OF PUBLICATION: United-Kingdom
PY - PUBLICATION YEAR: 1998
LA - LANGUAGE: English
DE - DESCRIPTORS: coal-; Colombia-; metal-ores; mineral-resources; nonmetal-deposits; production-; review-; sedimentary-rocks; South-America
CC - CATEGORY CODES: 26A-Economic-geology,-general,-deposits
DT - DOCUMENT TYPE: Serial
BL - BIB LEVEL: Analytic
IL - ILLUSTRATION: 1 table.
RF - REFERENCE SOURCE: GeoRef, Copyright 2002, American Geological Institute.
IS - ISSN: 0076-8995
CO - CODEN: #02972
AN - ACCESSION NUMBER: 1999-059783
UD - UPDATE CODE: 199920
Registro 5393 de 5614 - GeoRef 1997-2001
BK - BOOK TITLE: Lagos y lagunas de Colombia
Translated Title: Lakes and lagoons of Colombia.
BA - BOOK AUTHORS: Otero-Alvarez-Efrain (chairperson); Montes-Veira-Santiago (editor)
BF - BOOK AUTHOR AFFILIATION: Banco de Occidente, Comite Editorial, Cali, Colombia
PB - PUBLISHER: Banco de Occidente. Carrera, Colombia. Pages: 206. 1998.
CP - COUNTRY OF PUBLICATION: Colombia
PY - PUBLICATION YEAR: 1998
LA - LANGUAGE: Spanish
DE - DESCRIPTORS: Amazon-Basin; Andes-; Central-Cordillera; Colombia-; Eastern-Cordillera; ecology-; hydrology-; lacustrine-environment; lagoonal-environment; lakes-; Northern-Andes; Orinoco-River-basin; popular-geology; rivers-and-streams; South-America; surface-water; tropical-environment; water-resources
CC - CATEGORY CODES: 21-Hydrogeology; 23-Geomorphology
DT - DOCUMENT TYPE: Book
BL - BIB LEVEL: Monograph
IL - ILLUSTRATION: Refs: 44; illus.
RF - REFERENCE SOURCE: GeoRef, Copyright 2002, American Geological Institute.
IB - ISBN: 958-95504-2-8
AN - ACCESSION NUMBER: 1999-057877
UD - UPDATE CODE: 199919
Registro 5394 de 5614 - GeoRef 1997-2001
TI - TITLE: La mineria en America Latina
Translated Title: Mining in Latin America.
CA - CORPORATE AUTHOR: Mexico, Consejo de Recursos Minerales, Mexico City, Mexico
SO - SOURCE: Boletin Tecnico Coremi. 5; 26, Pages 32-33. 1998.
PB - PUBLISHER: Consejo de Recursos Minerales, Centro de Documentation Sobre los Recursos Minerales (CEDOREM).. Mexico, Mexico. 1998.
CP - COUNTRY OF PUBLICATION: Mexico
PY - PUBLICATION YEAR: 1998
LA - LANGUAGE: Spanish
DE - DESCRIPTORS: Bolivia-; boreholes-; Chile-; Colombia-; copper-ores; Latin-America; metal-ores; Mexico-; mineral-economics; mineral-exploration; mining-; mining-geology; Peru-; review-; silver-ores; South-America; tonnage-; Uruguay-
CC - CATEGORY CODES: 26A-Economic-geology,-general,-deposits; 26B-Economic-geology,-general,-economics
DT - DOCUMENT TYPE: Serial
BL - BIB LEVEL: Analytic
IL - ILLUSTRATION: 1 table.
RF - REFERENCE SOURCE: GeoRef, Copyright 2002, American Geological Institute.
CO - CODEN: #04823
AN - ACCESSION NUMBER: 1999-057165
UD - UPDATE CODE: 199919
Registro 5395 de 5614 - GeoRef 1997-2001
TI - TITLE: Los Nothrotheriinae (Megatheriidae, Gravigrada) del Mioceno de la Venta (Colombia); descripcion de Huilabradys magdaleniensis, neuvos genero y especie
Translated Title: Nothrotheriinae, Megatheriidae, Gravigrada, from the Miocene La Venta Fauna, Colombia; description of Huilabradys magdaleniensis, new genus and species.
AU - AUTHORS: Villarroel-A-Carlos
AF - AUTHOR AFFILIATION: Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Dpto. de Geociencas, Bogota, Colombia
SO - SOURCE: Revista de la Academia Colombiana de Ciencias Exactas, Fisicas y Naturales. 22; 85, Pages 497-506. 1998.
PB - PUBLISHER: Academia Colombiana de Ciencias Exactas, Fisicas y Naturales. Bogota, Colombia. 1998.
CP - COUNTRY OF PUBLICATION: Colombia
PY - PUBLICATION YEAR: 1998
LA - LANGUAGE: Spanish
LS - LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY: English
DE - DESCRIPTORS: Cenozoic-; Chordata-; Colombia-; description-; Edentata-; Eucholoeops-; Eutheria-; Gravigrada-; Hapalops-; Huilabradys-magdaleniensis; La-Venta-Fauna; Mammalia-; Megatheriidae-; Miocene-; morphology-; Neogene-; new-taxa; Nothrotheriinae-; South-America; taxonomy-; teeth-; Tertiary-; Tetrapoda-; Theria-; Vertebrata-; Xenarthra-
CC - CATEGORY CODES: 11-Vertebrate-paleontology
DT - DOCUMENT TYPE: Serial
BL - BIB LEVEL: Analytic
IL - ILLUSTRATION: Refs: 20; 1 plate.
RF - REFERENCE SOURCE: GeoRef, Copyright 2002, American Geological Institute.
IS - ISSN: 0370-3908
CO - CODEN: RCCFAO
AN - ACCESSION NUMBER: 1999-053165
UD - UPDATE CODE: 199918
Registro 5396 de 5614 - GeoRef 1997-2001
TI - TITLE: Hierro bandeado en Colombia
Translated Title: Banded iron formations in Colombia.
AU - AUTHORS: Galvis-Vergara-Jaime; Gomez-Villalba-Luz-Stella
AF - AUTHOR AFFILIATION: Carrera 48 G No. 95-19, Bogota, Colombia
SO - SOURCE: Revista de la Academia Colombiana de Ciencias Exactas, Fisicas y Naturales. 22; 85, Pages 485-496. 1998.
PB - PUBLISHER: Academia Colombiana de Ciencias Exactas, Fisicas y Naturales. Bogota, Colombia. 1998.
CP - COUNTRY OF PUBLICATION: Colombia
PY - PUBLICATION YEAR: 1998
LA - LANGUAGE: Spanish
LS - LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY: English
DE - DESCRIPTORS: banded-iron-formations; chemically-precipitated-rocks; Colombia-; field-studies; gold-ores; iron-formations; iron-minerals; iron-ores; metal-ores; mineral-deposits,-genesis; mineralization-; sedimentary-rocks; South-America; stromatolites-; Vaupes-Colombia
CC - CATEGORY CODES: 27A-Economic-geology,-geology-of-ore-deposits
DT - DOCUMENT TYPE: Serial
BL - BIB LEVEL: Analytic
MC - MAP COORDINATES: LAT: S010000; N013000; LONG: W0690000; W0710000.
IL - ILLUSTRATION: Refs: 9; 7 plates, sketch map.
RF - REFERENCE SOURCE: GeoRef, Copyright 2002, American Geological Institute.
IS - ISSN: 0370-3908
CO - CODEN: RCCFAO
AN - ACCESSION NUMBER: 1999-053164
UD - UPDATE CODE: 199918
Registro 5397 de 5614 - GeoRef 1997-2001
TI - TITLE: Late Quaternary glacier fluctuations in the Andes; testing the synchrony of global change.
AU - AUTHORS: Clapperton-Chalmers-M
AF - AUTHOR AFFILIATION: University of Aberdeen, Department of Geography, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
BK - BOOK TITLE: In: Mountain glaciation.
BA - BOOK AUTHORS: Owen-Lewis-A (editor)
SO - SOURCE: Quaternary Proceedings. 6; Pages 65-73. 1998.
NT - NOTES: Supplement 1 to Journal of Quaternary Science, Volume 13, 1998
PB - PUBLISHER: Quaternary Research Association. Cambridge, United Kingdom. 1998.
CP - COUNTRY OF PUBLICATION: United-Kingdom
PY - PUBLICATION YEAR: 1998
CN - CONFERENCE INFORMATION: Annual discussion meeting of the Quaternary Research Association on Mountain glaciation. London, United Kingdom. Jan. 9-10, 1997.
LA - LANGUAGE: English
DE - DESCRIPTORS: absolute-age; age-; Andes-; Bolivia-; C-14; carbon-; Cenozoic-; Chile-; Colombia-; dates-; Ecuador-; glaciation-; glaciers-; isotopes-; paleoclimatology-; Peru-; Pleistocene-; Quaternary-; radioactive-isotopes; South-America; upper-Pleistocene; upper-Quaternary; upper-Weichselian; variations-; Weichselian-; Younger-Dryas
CC - CATEGORY CODES: 24-Quaternary-geology
DT - DOCUMENT TYPE: Serial; Conference-Document
BL - BIB LEVEL: Analytic
IL - ILLUSTRATION: Refs: 59; illus. incl. 1 table.
RF - REFERENCE SOURCE: GeoRef, Copyright 2002, American Geological Institute.
IS - ISSN: 0963-1895
AN - ACCESSION NUMBER: 1999-053063
UD - UPDATE CODE: 199918
Registro 5398 de 5614 - GeoRef 1997-2001
TI - TITLE: "Too much SO (sub 2) "; a problem of much recent interest; well, there may be simple controls!.
AU - AUTHORS: Williams-Stanley-N; Burnham-C-Wayne; Roggensack-Kurt
AF - AUTHOR AFFILIATION: Arizona State University, Department of Geology, Tempe, AZ, United States
BK - BOOK TITLE: In: Geological Society of America, 1998 annual meeting.
BA - BOOK AUTHORS: Anonymous
SO - SOURCE: Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America. 30; 7, Pages 44. 1998.
PB - PUBLISHER: Geological Society of America (GSA). Boulder, CO, United States. 1998.
CP - COUNTRY OF PUBLICATION: United-States
PY - PUBLICATION YEAR: 1998
CN - CONFERENCE INFORMATION: Geological Society of America, 1998 annual meeting. Toronto, ON, Canada. Oct. 26-29, 1998.
LA - LANGUAGE: English
DE - DESCRIPTORS: Arenal-; Asia-; Australasia-; Bagana-; Central-America; Chiapas-Mexico; Colima-; Colombia-; controls-; Costa-Rica; El-Chichon; eruptions-; Far-East; gases-; geochemistry-; Jalisco-Mexico; Japan-; Kagoshima-Japan; Kyushu-; Luzon-; magmas-; Mexico-; Mount-Pinatubo; Nevado-del-Ruiz; Papua-New-Guinea; Philippine-Islands; quantitative-analysis; Sakura-jima; South-America; spectra-; sulfur-dioxide; thermodynamic-properties; volcanoes-
CC - CATEGORY CODES: 24-Quaternary-geology; 02A-General-geochemistry
DT - DOCUMENT TYPE: Abstract; Serial; Conference-Document
BL - BIB LEVEL: Analytic
RF - REFERENCE SOURCE: GeoRef, Copyright 2002, American Geological Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States
IS - ISSN: 0016-7592
CO - CODEN: GAAPBC
AN - ACCESSION NUMBER: 1999-052279
UD - UPDATE CODE: 199918
Registro 5399 de 5614 - GeoRef 1997-2001
TI - TITLE: The COSPEC; 25 years of using the SO (super 2) remote sensor for monitoring active volcanoes.
AU - AUTHORS: Stoiber-R-E; Williams-Stanley-N
AF - AUTHOR AFFILIATION: Dartmouth College, Department of Earth Sciences, Hanover, NH, United States
BK - BOOK TITLE: In: Geological Society of America, 1998 annual meeting.
BA - BOOK AUTHORS: Anonymous
SO - SOURCE: Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America. 30; 7, Pages 44. 1998.
PB - PUBLISHER: Geological Society of America (GSA). Boulder, CO, United States. 1998.
CP - COUNTRY OF PUBLICATION: United-States
PY - PUBLICATION YEAR: 1998
CN - CONFERENCE INFORMATION: Geological Society of America, 1998 annual meeting. Toronto, ON, Canada. Oct. 26-29, 1998.
LA - LANGUAGE: English
DE - DESCRIPTORS: Andes-; Asia-; Cascade-Range; Central-America; Colombia-; COSPEC-; eruptions-; Europe-; Far-East; Galeras-; instruments-; Italy-; Japan-; Luzon-; monitoring-; Mount-Etna; Mount-Pinatubo; Mount-Saint-Helens; Philippine-Islands; seismicity-; Sicily-Italy; Skamania-County-Washington; South-America; Southern-Europe; sulfur-dioxide; United-States; volcanoes-; Washington-
CC - CATEGORY CODES: 24-Quaternary-geology
DT - DOCUMENT TYPE: Abstract; Serial; Conference-Document
BL - BIB LEVEL: Analytic
RF - REFERENCE SOURCE: GeoRef, Copyright 2002, American Geological Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States
IS - ISSN: 0016-7592
CO - CODEN: GAAPBC
AN - ACCESSION NUMBER: 1999-052277
UD - UPDATE CODE: 199918
Registro 5400 de 5614 - GeoRef 1997-2001
BK - BOOK TITLE: Geologic map of the Piedmont in the Beltsville, Laurel, and Washington East quadrangles, Montgomery, Prince Georges, Howard, and Anne Arundel counties, Maryland and the District of Colombia.
BA - BOOK AUTHORS: Drake-Avery-Ala Jr.
BF - BOOK AUTHOR AFFILIATION: U. S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA, United States
SO - SOURCE: Open-File Report - U. S. Geological Survey. 1998.
PB - PUBLISHER: U. S. Geological Survey. Reston, VA, United States. Pages: 18, 1 sheet. 1998.
RP - RESEARCH PROGRAM: USGS (Publications of the U. S. Geological Survey)
CP - COUNTRY OF PUBLICATION: United-States
PY - PUBLICATION YEAR: 1998
LA - LANGUAGE: English
DE - DESCRIPTORS: Anne-Arundel-County-Maryland; Appalachians-; areal-geology; Beltsville-Quadrangle; District-of-Columbia; geologic-maps; Howard-County-Maryland; Laurel-Quadrangle; maps-; Maryland-; Montgomery-County-Maryland; North-America; petrology-; Piedmont-; Prince-Georges-County-Maryland; tectonic-elements; United-States; USGS-; Washington-East-Quadrangle
CC - CATEGORY CODES: 14-Geologic-maps
DT - DOCUMENT TYPE: Serial; Report; Map
BL - BIB LEVEL: Monograph
MC - MAP COORDINATES: LAT: N385730; N390730; LONG: W0760000; W0770000.
MP - MAP TYPE: geologic-maps
IL - ILLUSTRATION: Refs: 34; sects.
RF - REFERENCE SOURCE: GeoRef, Copyright 2002, American Geological Institute.
IS - ISSN: 0196-1497
CO - CODEN: XGROAG
RN - REPORT NUMBER: OF 98-0520
AV - AVAILABILITY: U. S. Geol. Surv., Denver, CO, United States
UR - URL: (Availability) http://ngmsvr.wr.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_19299.htm
AN - ACCESSION NUMBER: 1999-048253
UD - UPDATE CODE: 199916
XURL - URLs, etc : URL
Registro 5401 de 5614 - GeoRef 1997-2001
TI - TITLE: Berilu grupes mineralu gemologiniai Tyrimai
Translated Title: Gemological studies of beryl group minerals.
AU - AUTHORS: Kleismantas-Arunas
AF - AUTHOR AFFILIATION: Vilniaus Universitetas, Vilna, Lithuania
SO - SOURCE: Geologijos Akiraciai. 1998; 3, Pages 14-27. 1998.
PB - PUBLISHER: The Geological Society of Lithuania. Vilna, Lithuania. 1998.
CP - COUNTRY OF PUBLICATION: Lithuania
PY - PUBLICATION YEAR: 1998
LA - LANGUAGE: Lithuanian
AB - ABSTRACT: The studies of chemical elements causing colour, density, inclusions and refraction index were made on beryl group minerals from Brazil, Colombia, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Nigeria, Russia, India, Australia. After studies it was established that: - The highest quantities of chromium are in Zimbabwian and lowest in Colombian emeralds; the highest values of iron are in Russian heliodors and golden beryls, and the lowest in Russian aquamarines. - There are high quantities of chromium in Zambian aquamarines. For this reason they were named as chromium aquamarines. Inclusions found in them are common for the Kofubu emerald mine in Zambia. - At 405-430 degrees C yellow beryls become bluish (aquamarine). - Refraction index and density increased, decreased or rarely didn't change in yellow beryls after heating. - It is possible to point out the country and even the mine of emeralds and some aquamarines according to their density, refraction index and inclusions. - In studied beryls refraction index and density varied in wider interval than it is referred by other authors. - There are two types of water molecules after treating beryl crystals with polarized infrared rays. It was confirmed using some techniques that it is possible to indentify Fe (super 2+) and Fe (super 3+) in the certain location within the cell of beryl. The data presented in the article show that jewellery made of beryl group minerals or other gems are not only glittering decorations but also complicated products of nature, with their beauty secrets almost impossible to be revealed by just admiring them.
DE - DESCRIPTORS: Africa-; aquamarine-; Asia-; Australasia-; Australia-; beryl-; Brazil-; chemical-elements; chromium-; Colombia-; color-; Commonwealth-of-Independent-States; crystal-structure; density-; East-Africa; emerald-; gems-; inclusions-; India-; Indian-Peninsula; iron-; metals-; mineral-inclusions; mineral-localities; Nigeria-; refractive-index; ring-silicates; Russian-Federation; silicates-; South-America; Southern-Africa; West-Africa; Zambia-; Zimbabwe-
CC - CATEGORY CODES: 28A-Economic-geology,-geology-of-nonmetal-deposits; 01B-Mineralogy-of-silicates
DT - DOCUMENT TYPE: Serial
BL - BIB LEVEL: Analytic
IL - ILLUSTRATION: Refs: 19; illus. incl. 7 tables.
RF - REFERENCE SOURCE: GeoRef, Copyright 2002, American Geological Institute.
IS - ISSN: 1392-0006
CO - CODEN: #03762
AN - ACCESSION NUMBER: 1999-043165
UD - UPDATE CODE: 199915
Registro 5402 de 5614 - GeoRef 1997-2001
TI - TITLE: Glaciers of Colombia.
AU - AUTHORS: Hoyos-Patino-Fabian
AF - AUTHOR AFFILIATION: Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Medellin, Colombia
BK - BOOK TITLE: In: Satellite image atlas of glaciers of the world; South America.
BA - BOOK AUTHORS: Williams-Richard-S Jr. (editor); Ferrigno-Jane-G (editor)
SO - SOURCE: U. S. Geological Survey Professional Paper. Pages I11-I130. 1998.
PB - PUBLISHER: U. S. Geological Survey. Reston, VA, United States. 1998.
RP - RESEARCH PROGRAM: USGS (Publications of the U. S. Geological Survey)
CP - COUNTRY OF PUBLICATION: United-States
PY - PUBLICATION YEAR: 1998
LA - LANGUAGE: English
DE - DESCRIPTORS: Andes-; Cenozoic-; Central-Cordillera; climate-; Colombia-; Eastern-Cordillera; glacial-geology; glaciers-; imagery-; Landsat-; mass-balance; Northern-Andes; paleoclimatology-; Quaternary-; remote-sensing; satellite-methods; South-America; temperature-; USGS-; Western-Cordillera
CC - CATEGORY CODES: 24-Quaternary-geology
DT - DOCUMENT TYPE: Serial; Report
BL - BIB LEVEL: Analytic
IL - ILLUSTRATION: Refs: 54; illus. incl. 6 tables, sketch maps.
RF - REFERENCE SOURCE: GeoRef, Copyright 2002, American Geological Institute.
IS - ISSN: 1044-9612
RN - REPORT NUMBER: P 1386-I
AV - AVAILABILITY: U. S. Geol. Surv., Denver, CO, United States
UR - URL: (Full text) http://pubs.usgs.gov/prof/p1386i/; (Full text)
AN - ACCESSION NUMBER: 1999-042352
UD - UPDATE CODE: 199915
XURL - URLs, etc : URL; URL-ITEM (UR)
Registro 5403 de 5614 - GeoRef 1997-2001
BK - BOOK TITLE: Satellite image atlas of glaciers of the world; South America.
BA - BOOK AUTHORS: Williams-Richard-S Jr. (editor); Ferrigno-Jane-G (editor)
BF - BOOK AUTHOR AFFILIATION: U. S. Geological Survey, USA, United States
SO - SOURCE: U. S. Geological Survey Professional Paper. Pages I1-I206. 1998.
PB - PUBLISHER: U. S. Geological Survey. Reston, VA, United States. 1998.
RP - RESEARCH PROGRAM: USGS (Publications of the U. S. Geological Survey)
CP - COUNTRY OF PUBLICATION: United-States
PY - PUBLICATION YEAR: 1998
LA - LANGUAGE: English
AB - ABSTRACT: Landsat images, together with maps and aerial photographs, have been used to produce glacier inventories, define glacier locations, and study glacier dynamics in the countries of South America, along with the Andes Mountains. In Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, and Bolivia, the small glaciers have been undergoing extensive glacier recession since the late 1800's. Glacier-related hazards (outburst floods, mud flows, and debris avalanches) occur in Colombia, in Ecuador, and associated with the more extensive (2,600 km (super 2) ) glaciers of Peru. The largest area of glacier ice is found in Argentina and Chile, including the northern Patagonian ice field (about 4,200 km (super 2) ) and the southern Patagonian ice field (about 13,000 km (super 2) ), the largest glacier in the Southern Hemisphere outside Antarctica.
DE - DESCRIPTORS: aerial-photography; atlas-; glacial-geology; glaciers-; imagery-; inventory-; remote-sensing; satellite-methods; South-America; USGS-
CC - CATEGORY CODES: 24-Quaternary-geology
DT - DOCUMENT TYPE: Serial; Report
BL - BIB LEVEL: Monograph
NN - ANNOTATION: Individual papers are cited separately.
IL - ILLUSTRATION: illus.
RF - REFERENCE SOURCE: GeoRef, Copyright 2002, American Geological Institute.
IS - ISSN: 1044-9612
RN - REPORT NUMBER: P 1386-I
AV - AVAILABILITY: U. S. Geol. Surv., Denver, CO, United States
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