Ordinance Governing

Paper –3
Applied Anatomy and Physiology

of Female Reproductive System

Applied Anatomy

• 
  External genitalia (vulva)
  

(a)Structural peculiarities.

(b)Congenital anomalies.

(c) Injuries to perineum during parturition.

(i) Perineal tear

(ii) Episiotomy

(d) Hermaphrodite manifestation.

• 
  Internal genitalia
  
• 
  Vagina:
  

(a) Vaginal examination.

(b) Menopausal changes in vagina.

(c) Laceration.

(d) Prolapse.

(e) Trauma.

(f) Culdocentesis.

(g) Colpotomy

(h) Colporrhapy.

• 
  Cervix
  

(a) Importance of fornices.

(b) Changes in cervix during pregnancy.

(c) Elongated cervix.

(d) Cervical biopsy

(e) Pap smear.

• 
  Uterus
  

(a) Normal structure and dimensions.

(b) Age and reproductive changes

(c) Development and support of the uterus.

(d) Congenital anomalies of uterus.

(e) Hysterectomy.

(f) Cesarean section.

(g) Scar stability.

(h) Bimanual examination.

(i) Retroverted uterus.

(j) Prolapse of uterus.

(k) Hysterosalpingography.

(l) Endometrial biopsy.

• 
  Fallopian tubes
  

(a) Importance of epithelium.

(b) Tubal ligation.

(c) Tubal pregnancy.

(d) Salpingitis.

• 
  Ovaries
  

(a) Ovarian cyst.

(i) Follicular cyst

(ii) Luteal cyst.

(iii) Chocolate cyst

(iv)Twisted ovarian cyst.

(b) Prolapse of ovaries.

• 
  Pelvis
  

(a) True pelvis and false pelvis.

(b) Pelvic diaphragm

(c) Different types of female pelvis and obstetric outcome.

(d) Maternal normal pelvis and fetal skull.

(e) Contracted pelvis.

• 
  Anatomical basis of following
  

(a) Incotinence.

(b) Retention.

(c) Cystocele.

(d) Rectocele.

(e) Genital fistula (Genito urinary and Rectovaginal

Applied Physiology

• 
  Sex determination and sex differentiation
  

• 
  Ovary
  

(a) Follicle.

(b) Premenarchal ovary.

(c) Postmenarchal ovary.

(d) Ovulation.

(e) Corpus luteum formation.

(f) Time of ovulation

(g) Hormonal function of ovary.

(h) Puberty.

(i) Extirpation of ovary.

(j) Menopause.

(k) Abnormalities of secretion of ovaries.

(l) Female sexual act.

(m) Factors controlling sexual growth.

• 
  Fallopian tubes
  

(a) Fertilization of ovum

(b) Transport of ovum

• 
  Uterus
  

(a) Cervix.

(b) Oestrous cycles of lower mammals.

(c) Human menstrual cycle.

(d) Hormonal control of the menstrual cycle and their abnormalities.

• 
  Reproductive hormones
  

(a) Oestrogen and progesterone

(b) Hypothalamo pituitary ovarian axis and its importance.

• 
  Fertility and Contraception
  

• 
  Physiology of pregnancy
  

(a) Endocrinology of pregnancy

(b) Placental hormones.

(c) Pregnancy diagnostic tests.

(d) Physiological changes in pregnancy.

(e) The amniotic fluid.

(f) Placental and hormonal influences on fetal growth.

(g) Fetal nutrition.

(h) Fetal circulation and changes after birth.

(i) Development of breathing and cry.

(j) Temperature regulation in the newborn

• 
  Parturition (Endocrine aspect)
  

• 
  Mammary glands
  

(a) Structure.

(b) Control of breast development.

(c) Lactation.

(d) Milk and its composition.

Text Books

S. No.	Title of the book	Edition &Volume	Name of the Author	Publisher	Year of Publication
1	Human Anatomy Regional and Applied	4^th edition Vol:2	B.D Chourasia	Satish Kumar jain	2004
2	Clinical Anatomy for Medical students	6^th edition	Richard.S. Snell	Lipin cott, William and Wilkin	1995
3	Fundamentals of Medical Physiology	3^rd edition	L.Prakasam Reddy	Paras	2004
4	Text Book of Medical Physiology	10^th edition	Guyton Hall	Elsevier	2005
5	Samson wright’s Applied Physiology	13^th edition	Cyril A.Kelle, Ericneil and Norman Joals.	Oxford	2004