Atoqli va turdosh otlar (Common and Proper Nouns)
Alohida shaxs yoki buyumlarning nomlari atoqli otlardir:
Tashkent, the USA, Almalyk , London, Akrom, Uzbekistan, Russian Federation, the North Ocean, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, Olimov, Nodir...s
2. Turdosh otlar bir xil turdagi buyumlarning umumiy nomidir:
a boy, a country, a tree, a house.
Turdosh otlar quyidagi guruhlarga bo‘linadi:
alohida buyumlarning yoki shaxslarning nomlarini bildiruvchi otlar
(a book — books, a tree — trees) va shaxs yoki hayvonlar guruhini ifodalovchi jamlama (a family — families, a herd — herds (poda), a crowd — crowds (to‘da)) otlar (Collective nouns).
b) moddalarni ifodalovchi – moddiy otlar (Material Nouns):
water — suv, steel — po‘lat, wool — yung, gold — oltin.
c) belgi, harakat, holat, his, ko‘rininsh, fan, san’at va boshqalarni ifodalovchi mavhum otlar (Abstract Nouns): honesty — sofdillik, bravery — jasurlik, sleep — uyqu, darkness — qorong‘ulik, love — sevgi, work — ish, winter — qish, history — tarix, music — musiqa, mathematics — matematika.
Donalab sanaladigan va donalab sanalmaydigan otlar
(Countable and Noncountable Nouns)
Sanaladigan otlar
birlik va ko‘plik shakllariga ega bo‘ladi;
birlik yoki ko‘plikda kelishiga qarab birlik yoki ko‘plik shaklidagi fe’l bilan keladi;
birlik shaklida kelganda oldida a, an, yoki one kabi aniqlovchilar
bo‘lishi mumkin ;
ko‘plik shaklida kelganda oldida many yoki few aniqlovchilari
bo‘lishi mumkin;
faqat ko‘plik shaklida kelganda oldidan some aniqlovchisi
ishlatilishi mumkin;
faqat ko‘plik shaklida oldidan number of kelishi mumkin
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