III. The Age of Photius (843-886).
1. Patriarch Methodius (843-847): the first patriarchate of Ignatius (847-858).
2. Photius's first patriarchate (858-867).
3. Ignatius's second patriarchate (867-877): the council of Constantinople (869-870).
4. Photius's second patriarchate (877-886): the council of 879-880: the alleged second Photian schism.
5. Photius — churchman and humanist.
6. Byzantine missionary activities in the early middle ages.
IV. Leo VI's Dilemma: Nicholas Mysticus and Euthymius (886-925).
1. Leo VI: the Emperor's fourth marriage.
2. Nicholas I's second patriarchate (912-925); the interdependence of church and state.
V. The Patriarchate 925-1025: the Predominance of Constantinople.
1. Cooperation and criticism 925-970.
2. The imperial advance in the East: the Muslims and the non- Chalcedonian Churches.
3. Caucasian and North Pontic regions: Russia.
4. Byzantium and South Italy.
VI. Increasing Pressures on Constantinople and the Widening Gap 1025-1204.
1. Impending threats.
2. Patriarchs (1025-1081).
3. 1081: a new era or continuity?
4. Philosophers and theologians: individual heretics: ecclesiastical currents.
5. The dualist heresies.
6. Relations with the West.
VII 1 . The Effects of the Fourth Crusade 1204-1261.
1. The patriarchate of Constantinople 1204-1261: the Latins in occupation.
2. Ecclesiastical organization within the various Latin conquests.
3.Thirteenth century rival Byzantine churches: Nicaea and Epirus.
4. The Nicaean Empire and Rome.
VIII. Contacts: Failure and Achievement 1258-1453.
1. Michael VIII Palaeologus and the papacy: Byzantine doubts concerning union 1258-1274.
2. Michael VIII and the council of Lyons II (1274).
3. Byzantine reaction to the union 1274-1282.
4. Andronicus II: internal problems: Josephites and Arsenites: repudiation of the union.
5. Patriarch Athanasius I and his immediate successors.
6. Renewed contacts with the West under Andronicus II and Andronicus III.
7. Palamite problems.
8. John V Palaeologus and John VI Cantacuzenus: Constantinople and the West.
9. Manuel II: the council of Ferrara-Florence and after.
10. The authority of the Byzantine Church in the later middle ages (c.1334-1453).
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