Oxford history of the christian church



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Addendum to Chapter 6:

M. Angold, The Byzantine Empire 1025-1204 (London, 1984), which reached me after this book was in the press, gives a brief introduction to life under the later Macedonians, the Comneni and the Angeli.



Glossary.


This gives some of the terms used in the text. In the field of administration if can only be an approximate guide since titles and functions changed during middle ages. Some of the chief ecclesiastical offices are described in Part II and a detailed guide to their development can be found in De Offikia.

Antidoron

The blessed (not the consecrated) bread Which is

offered to all after the close of the Liturgy



Apocrisíarius

A papal or patriarchal legate

Azymes

Unleaved liturgical bread

Castellani

Governors or commanders of fortresses or strong-

holds especially in Venetian-occupied territory



Despot

In the later period a title bestowed by the emperor

on an honorary, an imperial prince or a virtually

independent ruler


Diaconicon

The part of the sanctuary to the right of the altar; it

was used as a sacrist where vessels and vestments

were kept


Diptychs

Two-sided tablets on which the names of those

commemorated during the Liturgy were written



Domestics

A wide range of imperial and ecclesiastical officials;

the title 'Domestic' was followed by a description of

the particular office, as Domestic of the Great

Church or Domestic of the Cantors (the protop-

saltes); the Grand Domestic was the commander-in-

chief of the imperial army



Ecdiceion

An ecclesiastical tribunal with a wide range of

duties, dealing with questions such as sanctuary,

slaves, marriages; its terms of reference came to be

much disputed, but it was not a judicial court



Exarch

An imperial provincial governor; a patriarchal

visitor or representative



Grand ecclesiarch

title conferred on a leading official of the Great

Church (late)



Great Church, the

Commonly used by the Byzantines for Hagia

Sophia in Constantinople



Hegumenus

Head of a monastery

Hieromonk

Monk who was also a priest

Hieromnemon

Ecclesiastical official with liturgical functions; he

took part in ordinations



Hypatus ton

title (consul) given to the head of the philosophical

philosophon

faculty in Constantinople

Koine

The form of the Greek language which was gener-

ally used in the Mediterranean from late Hellenistic

times onward; it should be distinguished from the

more formal style which sought to reproduce classi-

cal Attic


Logothete

Originally a financial official but the term came to

be applied to a variety of offices; the Logothete of

the Drome was in charge of communications and

foreign affairs (middle period); the Grand Logo-

thete was the highest imperial minister (late period)


Nomocanons

Collections of ecclesiastical rulings together with

imperial laws (nomoi) bearing on church affairs



Nomophylax

title ('guardian of the laws') given to the head of

the law faculty set up in Constantinople in the

eleventh century, and in the late period to certain

patriarchal officials



Novel

Imperial law

Papas (pl. papades)

A parish priest, often the village priest

Phiale

A paved and terraced courtyard or square with a

fountain in the centre



Praepositi

Term often applied to chief functionaries; used of

the heads of the conventual churches in Constanti-

nople under the Latins, or (after 1204) to refugee

bishops in respect of a diocese other than their own

from which they drew revenue


Proedrus

President, applied to various positions as for in-

stance 'President of the senate' (eleventh century)



Protoasecretis

Head of the imperial chancery

Protecdicos

Head of the ecdiceion (q.v.)

Prothesis

The part of the sanctuary to the left of the altar

where the bread and wine for the Liturgy is pre-

pared


Protospathar

Chief sword-bearer

Stauropegial

A monastery which came directly under the

Patriarch; the 'cross-fixing' took place at the time of

the foundation ceremony


Staurophoros

A very late title ('cross-bearing') applied to the

leading officials of the Great Church



Syncellus

Originally the close associate of a bishop or

Patriarch (lit. 'cell-companion'), then it became a

title and fell out of use after the eleventh century


Theme

Originally a military division, then an administra-

tive region or province



Varangians

Scandinavians or Northmen serving in Byzantium

as mercenaries who formed a special imperial guard





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