Oriental Renaissance: Innovative, educational, natural and social sciences

Oriental Renaissance: Innovative, 
educational, natural and social sciences 
 
VOLUME 1 | SPECIAL ISSUE 2 
ISSN 2181-1784 
Scientific Journal Impact Factor
 
SJIF 2021: 5.423 
251 
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www.oriens.uz
December 
2021
 
ABSTRACT
The Ulus of Chagatai, or Chagatai Khanate, is a Mongol Ulus that includes 
lands ruled by Genghis Khan's second son, Chagatai Khan, and his successors after 
the Mongol Empire. At the end of the XIII century, the khanate reached its highest 
peak in the south of the Aral Sea, from the Amu Darya to the Altai Mountains on the 
border of present-day Mongolia and China.
The Mongols of the Ulus of Chagatai remained largely nomadic in their 
administration and did not settle in the city centers until the end of the XV century. 
The Mongols of the Ulus of Chagatai ruled over the urban population of Transoxiana 
and the Tarim Basin.
It is known that the first khan of the Ulus was Chagatai Khan. But the question 
arises whether Chagatai and his successors were completely independent in 
governing the state. May be Genghis Khan divided his empire among his children, in 
order to obey the central government, that is, Khaqan. By the way from the beginning, 
the movement of the Botu dynasties, and then the Tulu dynasties, was in many cases 
independent. Apparently, the nomadic Mongols did not have experience in managing 
the sedentary population, so Chagatai Khan initially entrusted the management of his 
people to Mahmud Yalavach from Khorezm and his descendants. Until the end of his 
life, he worked in the palace of his brother Ögedei Khaqan as the chief adviser and 
responsible for the order of the Yasa rules. Most of the income of the Chagatai 
people went to the Center, that is, to the Karakorum. The rest was spent by local 
governors for the needs of the nation and the army. At the same time, the people were 
oppressed not only by the Mongol nobility, but also by the local aristocracy.
We observe this situation more in the Chagatai nation through sources. The 
situation was different in the rest of the nations. Therefore, after Chagatai, several 
khans tried hard to become completely independent from the Center, to gain control 
of Transoxiana. This situation continued until Duva Khan. Only by the time of Duva 
Khan did the Chagatai nation gain full independence.
Keywords:
Transoxiana, Genghis Khan, The Ulus of Chagatai, Mahmud 
Yalavach, Barak, Duva Khan, Mubarak Shah, Jamal al-Qarshi, Kashani, Haravi, 
Sayf ad-Din Baharzi, Botu, Munke, Qaydu, legitimacy. 
KIRISH
XIII asrdagi mo‘g‘ul istilosi shu davr kishilari hamda ularning yaqin avlodlari 
shuuriga shu qadar ta’sir o‘tkazdiki, mo‘g‘ul xalqini va uning tarixini o‘rganish 
deyarli istilo bilan bir paytning o‘zida boshlanib ketdi. Kutilmagan fojiaga yo‘liqqan 
Osiyo va Sharqiy Yevropa mamlakatlari xalqlari – arab, fors, rus, arman, gruzin, lotin, 
polyak, xitoy, vengr, nemis kabi tillarda mo‘g‘ul yurishlari, ularning jang olib borish 

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