UNIT3
INVESTIGATING SKILLS
Match the inventions and the inventors.
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Hans Lippershey
Elias Howe
Galileo Galilei
Charles Babbage
Felix Hoffman
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1 Match the words and their definitions.
1.
Hypothesis
a)
Make a judgment
based on criteria; determine
the value o f
2. Requisite
b) Make clear or plain
3. Clarify
c)
Something
which
is
probably true, though it cannot
be proved
4. Incessantly
d) Express,
concisely, the
relevant details
5. Justify
e) Putting together various
elements to make a whole
6. Constantly
f ) Continuously, not stopping
7. Investigate
g ) Support an argument or
conclusion
8.
Consistently
h) A ll the time
9. Summarize
i) A b elief that something is
true
10. Assumption
j ) Necessary
11. Synthesize
k) Plan, inquire into and draw
conclusions about
12. Evaluate
1) Always at the same level
2 (T2) Listen to the tape and answer the following]
questions
1. What does a lecturer do?
2. What does a lecturer expect from students?
3. Which scientists is the lecturer going to mention]
in the speech?
4.
How does lecturer describe the scientists?
3 Match the beginnings of the sentences 1-6|
and their endings a-f.
1. Beruni spoke
2. Farobi was fluent in
3.
The pursuit of knowledge
4.
Ulughbek became a governor
5. Even being the leader of the country
6. Scientists of ancient times were very skillful and
knowledgeable
a. is a duty o f every man and woman
b. he didn't miss a chance to deliver lectures
c. seventy languages
d. in different spheres
e. and understood more than ten languages
f. in
1409
at the age of
15,
he started to develop
science and education
34
Scale Up
7 Read the text and decide what the following
numbers stand for.
1. 1876
2.
1847
3.
1,093
4. 9000
5.
1882
6. 1928
4 Work in groups. Answer the following j
i questions
1. What made medieval scientists
so productive in j
f different spheres and have wide outlook?
2. What should investigators do in each step o f their 1
г
research?
5 Read the poem by Rudyard Kipling “I keep six I
honest..." and share with your partner how I
\ they can help you in your further investigation |
I I keep six honest serving-men
L (They taught me all I knew);
Their names are What and Why and When
| And How and Where and Who.
I send them over land and sea,
I send them east and west;
But after they have worked for me,
!' I give them all a rest.
I let them rest from nine till five,
For I am busy then,
As well as breakfast, lunch, and tea,
For they are hungry men.
But different folk have different views;
►
I know a person small-
She keeps ten million serving-men,
Who get no rest at all!
She sends’em abroad on her own affairs,
From the second she opens her eyes-
One million Hows, two million Wheres,
And seven million Whys!
6 Read the following instructions and discuss
them with your partner.
• When looking for ideas, create lots o f ideas.
• Consistently challenge assumptions.
• Record your ideas and the ideas o f others in a
notebook.
• Learn from your failures and the failures o f others.
• Constantly look for ways to improve your ideas
and products and the ideas and products o f others.
Thomas Edison is considered to be one o f
history’s most well-known
inventors, whose
contributions to the
modern era transformed the
lives o f people all over the world. He is the one
who is the author o f creations like electric light
bulb, typewriter, electric pen, phonograph, motion
picture camera and alkaline storage battery — to
the talking doll. Moreover, in 1876 he built his
famous laboratory in Menta Park, New Jersey to
conduct experimentations. Edison and his wife
Mary had a house which was near his work place,
Edison often became so involved in his work that
he stayed overnight in the lab as he considered
“ Genius is one percent inspiration and ninety nine
percent perspiration.”
The father o f the
creations o f X IX century
was born in Milan, Ohio on February 11, 1847.
He attended a formal school for only a short time
when he was seven years old. His mother was a
tutor and taught him to be fond o f reading. Love for
experimenting and mechanical things developed
when Edison received his first chemistry set. Edison
was mostly deaf. He lost most o f his hearing at the
age o f twelve when a conductor pulled him onto a
train by his ears. But, he did not let his disability
stop his love o f learning. Creating experiments
was Thomas Edison’s passion. Astonishingly, in
all he held 1.093 patents for his inventions.
It took him 9,000 experiments to perfect the
light bulb. He believed that people's greatest
weakness lies in giving up and the most certain
way to succeed is always to try just one more time.
He never quit. After inventing a lighting bulb in
September 4,1882, he kept working on the idea o f
lightening the world, as he believed there is always
a way to do the work better and he tried to find it.
As a result, Edison’s Pearl Street Station delivered
power to a one square mile section o f Manhattan
for the first time
Edison continued to work on several projects
and experiments till the end o f his life. In 1928, he
was awarded with the Congressional Gold Medal,
presented to him at the Edison Laboratory.
Scale Up
10 Complete the
sentence so that the meaij
remains the same
1. I was struggling to remember what the scientist
had been arguing about at the last discussion whj
I was waiting for my bus.
W aiting_________________________________
©
8 Read the statements and decide whether the
statements are true, false or not given
1. Edison created a television
2. Edison thought that a person wouldn't achieve
anything until he worked enough.
3. Edison couldn’t hear at a ll.__
4. He usually broke down the investigation i f he
confronted with challenges.
5. He is the one due to whom we have chandeliers
(lustra) full o f lighting bulbs.
6. His last words were “ it is beautiful over there”
__
9 Match the rules and the sentences a-f.
a. To follow prepositions and conjunctions (Present
and Perfect Participles)
b. To explain the reason for something (Present and
Perfect Participle)
c. To talk about actions happening at the same time
(Present Particples)
d. To replace some relative clauses (Present and Past
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