Plan: Introduction

4.Using visual materials to improve listening skill and audio visual tools to develop speaking skill to the second grade students.

Audio visual aids are really so effective in teaching English. When taught the English to any small children then shown him a picture about that word. It is very panacea way to learn about anything. Audio is an effective thing. Audios are recognized in every field. Audio songs are very fabulous example of audios. We hear the songs without see them. We enjoy them very much. So is a very unique step in songs field. We can record any type of interactions in audio file. We can hear the voice very clearly by audios of any person or persons. So audio is very effective step of science. Many types of audio about mythology, study and for that subject which is very useful for you. Radio is also very good example of audio. We can hear the radio but not can see because radio is not able to see. We hear the songs, aids of many companies and many public interest related things. So audio is also very helpful technique. When we go at any place for travel then we play the songs in the car on the way. So audio is also very important source for entertainment. If you are buff of songs then many website are available on the internet by which you can download the many melodious songs in very easy way and in short time.

Also in the 1960’s, French Scholars developed the Audio-visual method. This method considered that audiovisual technology is a great contribution to help teaching. Students were taught through a combination of textbooks, filmstrips, tape-recordings, slides and classroom presentation.

Methods involved on the Humanistic Approach have made a great use of visuals too. For example, The Silent Way Method avoided the use of the mother tongue in the classroom. The teacher made use of several visual aids: colored wooden rods, set of wall charts containing useful vocabulary, color coded phonetic charts, tapes or discs, film drawings and pictures, worksheets and transparencies.

As a human being, communication is very significant for life. People communicate with others by using language. Through language, people will be able to express their thoughts and feelings. Since language, communication, and life cannot be separated, we use language in our daily life to gain and share information with others, to express feelings and also to interact with other people. Communication through a foreign language, especially English, causes people to learn many things. There are four language skills related to how we can get information from others. They are listening, reading, speaking, and writing. Speaking is one of the ways on how we with others. As one of the four language skills, speaking is really important, particularly for senior high schools’ students.

Languages are more than just communication symbols which is the accumulation of shared-meaning of common ground. People express their knowledge, experience, and skill through language. It is really acquired by people since they were born. Therefore, languages are a tool of communication in order to send and receive information from a person to a person. English is one of the languages which are considered as an international language to be used by the many people in the world. Besides that, there are many countries and people in the world learn it. However, each country has own reason to learn English whether as the first, second or foreign language.In Timor Leste, English is learned as the foreign language and not as the second language. English is taught as a compulsory subject in every school from elementary up to University level.

There are different materials and teaching aids that could help students to enhance their speaking abilities for effective communication. Using these materials is the only way to bring the natural language of native speakers into the classroom. The audio-visual aids are very important tools because they facilitate both the learning and the teaching process. Moreover, they provide exposure to spoken English, so students get different information about grammar, intonation, vocabulary, and pronunciation through listening as well as they see how native speakers use body language when they speak. Furthermore, these aids motivate students and help them to understand as well as to perform well when they speak. Audio-visual aids are useful materials which help both teachers and students in the teaching and learning process. Many scholars, writers, and websites provide different definitions of audio-visual aids.Kinder S. James (2002) stated that audio-visual aids are any device which can be used to make the learning experience more concrete, more realistic and more dynamic. Burton (2003) states that “audio-visual aids are those sensory objects or images which initiate or stimulate and reinforce learning." In addition, Carter.V.Good defines "audiovisual aids are those aids which help in completing the triangular process of learning that is motivation, classification, and stimulation." So audio-visual aids are very useful devices because they do not facilitate the learning process only, but they motivate students and make the course interesting. According to Good's dictionary of education, “audio-visual aids are anything by means of which learning process may be encouraged or carried on through the sense of hearing or sense of sight." Moreover, KP. Neeraja states that “an audio-visual aid is an instructional device in which the message can be heard as well as seen. In the same context, McKean and Roberts add that “audio-visual aids are supplementary devices by which the teacher, through the utilization of more than one sensory channel is able to clarify, establish and correlate concepts, interpretations and appreciations". From these definitions, we conclude that audio-visual aids are important devices which facilitate learning and teaching process. Besides, they help students to acquire the

foreign language and develop their speaking skill since they give them the opportunity to hear as well as to see the foreign language as it is used by native speakers. Generally, audio-visual aids could be classified into three main categories: the audio materials, the visual aids, and the audio-visual aids.

1. The audio materials Audio materials "are those which can be heard" such as radio, songs, and language laboratory.

2. The visual aids: They are useful tools which “are helpful to visualize things". They include pictures, graphs, and printed materials.

3. The audio-visual aids: The audio-visual aids are important teaching aids which "can be heard and seen simultaneously" such as a computer, video, and television. These tools are the main focus of our study (Audio-visual aids in teaching, 2010).

In order to help students to develop their speaking proficiency, teachers should use audio-visual aids to support learning in the classroom. These kinds of teaching aids are very important for students since it is the only way to provide them with an exposure to the authentic foreign language. So audio-visual aids give students the opportunity to see and to hear the foreign language as it is used by native speakers in real life situations.

According to (Audio-visual aids, 2010), there are different purposes and importance of designing and using audio-visual aids in teaching.

• Using audio-visual aids makes teaching and learning process effective and more concrete. Audio-visual aids have an instructional role in themselves.

• They motivate students and attract their attention.

• Saving time in the classroom.

• They provide a realistic experience.

• They meet student's learning needs.

• They save time since they are easy to prepare. (Audio-visual aids in teaching, 2010).

5.