References

21 (5), 721-725

Keywords: HEART/STROKE

Wolf, S.L. (1990), Use of Biofeedback in the Treatment of Stroke Patients. Stroke, 21 (9), 22-23

Keywords: HEART/SEP/STROKE

Argentino, C., Toni, D., Rasura, M., Violi, F., Sacchetti, M.L., Allegretta, A., Balsano, F. and Fieschi, C. (1990), Circadian Variation in the Frequency of Ischemic Stroke. Stroke, 21 (3), 387-389

Keywords: STROKE

Anderson, T.P. (1990), Studies Up to 1980 on Stroke Rehabilitation Outcomes. Stroke, 21 (9), 43-45

Keywords: STROKE

Olsen, T.S. (1990), Arm and Leg Paresis As Outcome Predictors in Stroke Rehabilitation. Stroke, 21 (2), 247-251

Keywords: HEART/STROKE

Smeda, J.S. (1990), Analysis of Cerebrovascular Sympathetic-Nerve Density in Relation to Stroke Development in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats. Stroke, 21 (5), 785-789

Keywords: HEART/STROKE

Folsom, A.R., Prineas, R.J., Kaye, S.A. and Munger, R.G. (1990), Incidence of Hypertension and Stroke in Relation to Body-Fat Distribution and Other Risk-Factors in Older Women. Stroke, 21 (5), 701-706

Keywords: HEART/STROKE

Wong, M.C.W. and Haley, E.C. (1990), Calcium-Antagonists - Stroke Therapy Coming of Age (Reprinted from Current Concepts of Cerebrovascular-Disease and Stroke, 1989, Vol 24, Pg 31-36). Stroke, 21 (3), 494-501

Keywords: HEART/STROKE

Ford, P.M., Brunet, D., Lillicrap, D.P. and Ford, S.E. (1990), Premature Stroke in A Family with Lupus Anticoagulant and Antiphospholipid Antibodies. Stroke, 21 (1), 66-71

Keywords: HEART/STROKE

Smith, D.S. (1990), Outcome Studies in Stroke Rehabilitation - the South Australian Stroke Study. Stroke, 21 (9), 56-58

Keywords: HEART/SEP/STROKE

Sotaniemi, K.A., Pyhtinen, J. and Myllyla, V.V. (1990), Correlation of Clinical and Computed Tomographic Findings in Stroke Patients. Stroke, 21 (11), 1562-1566

Keywords: HEART/STROKE

Woo, J., Lam, C.W.K., Kay, R., Wong, H.Y., Teoh, R. and Nicholls, M.G. (1990), Acute and Long-Term Changes in Serum-Lipids After Acute Stroke. Stroke, 21 (10), 1407-1411

Keywords: CHINESE/HEART/STROKE

Granger, C.V. and Gresham, G.E. (1990), International Classification of Impairments, Disabilities, and Handicaps (Icidh) As A Conceptual Basis for Stroke Outcome Research - A Tribute to Wood,Philip,H.N. Stroke, 21 (9), 66-67

Keywords: HEART/STROKE

Granger, C.V. and Hamilton, B.B. (1990), Measurement of Stroke Rehabilitation Outcome in the 1980S. Stroke, 21 (9), 46-47

Keywords: HEART/STROKE

Gustafsson, C., Blomback, M., Britton, M., Hamsten, A. and Svensson, J. (1990), Coagulation-Factors and the Increased Risk of Stroke in Nonvalvular Atrial-Fibrillation. Stroke, 21 (1), 47-51

Keywords: HEART/STROKE

Hachinski, V. (1990), Classification of Stroke for Clinical-Trials. Stroke, 21 (9), 27-29

Keywords: HEART/STROKE

Bogousslavsky, J., Vanmelle, G., Despland, P.A. and Regli, F. (1990), Alcohol-Consumption and Carotid Atherosclerosis in the Lausanne Stroke Registry. Stroke, 21 (5), 715-720

Keywords: HEART/STROKE

Bogousslavsky, J., Delaloyebischof, A., Regli, F. and Delaloye, B. (1990), Prolonged Hypoperfusion and Early Stroke After Transient Ischemic Attack. Stroke, 21 (1), 40-46

Keywords: HEART/STROKE

Gowland, C.A. (1990), Staging Motor Impairment After Stroke. Stroke, 21 (9), 19-21

Keywords: HEART/STROKE

Giubilei, F., Lenzi, G.L., Dipiero, V., Pozzilli, C., Pantano, P., Bastianello, S., Argentino, C. and Fieschi, C. (1990), Predictive Value of Brain Perfusion Single-Photon Emission Computed-Tomography in Acute Ischemic Stroke. Stroke, 21 (6), 895-900

Keywords: HEART/STROKE

Goldstein, L.B. and Davis, J.N. (1990), Restorative Neurology - Drugs and Recovery Following Stroke (Reprinted from Current Concepts of Cerebrovascular-Disease and Stroke, Pg 19-24, Vol 25, 1990). Stroke, 21 (11), 1636-1640

Keywords: HEART/STROKE

Gelmers, H.J. and Hennerici, M. (1990), Effect of Nimodipine on Acute Ischemic Stroke - Pooled Results from 5 Randomized Trials. Stroke, 21 (12), 81-84.

Abstract: In a review of pooled data from five double-blind, placebo- controlled studies of nimodipine in acute ischemic stroke, we compared the effect of 120 mg nimodipine given orally with that of placebo. In the five studies, 871 patients were followed, and 781 adhered to entry and inclusion criteria. End points were mortality and outcome at the end of the treatment period (21 or 28 days). Outcome was assessed with Mathew's scale and the physician's clinical judgement. The treatment and control groups were well matched with respect to demographic data, risk factors, and baseline Mathew scores. In the treatment group, 34 patients (7.9%) died during the treatment period, whereas 54 (12.3%) in the control group died, corresponding with a mortality reduction of 36%. Significantly less neurologic impairment at the end of the treatment period was documented under nimodipine treatment, and this impairment improved more in patients with moderate-to-severe stroke (baseline Mathew score less than 66) if administration of nimodipine occurred within 12 hours after stroke onset or if the patient was more than 65 years old. The overall incidence of adverse reactions was relatively modest, and these were of minor severity; only a few appeared to have more than a remote relation to the study mediation

Keywords: ASPIRIN/CEREBRAL-ISCHEMIA/HEART/INFARCTION/MORTALITY/NIMODIPINE/STROKE

Gibson, C.J. (1990), Patterns of Care for Stroke Survivors. Stroke, 21 (9), 38-39

Keywords: HEART/STROKE

Sohn, Y.H., Lee, B.I., Sunwoo, I.N., Kim, K.W. and Suh, J.H. (1990), Effect of Capsular Infarct Size on Clinical Presentation of Stroke. Stroke, 21 (9), 1258-1261

Keywords: HEART/SEP/STROKE

Bonita, R., Stewart, A. and Beaglehole, R. (1990), International Trends in Stroke Mortality - 1970-1985. Stroke, 21 (7), 989-992

Keywords: HEART/STROKE

Goldstein, L.B. (1990), Pharmacology of Recovery After Stroke. Stroke, 21 (11), 139-142

Keywords: HEART/STROKE

Gomez, C.R. (1990), Carotid Plaque Morphology and Risk for Stroke (Reprinted from Current Concepts of Cerebrovascular-Disease and Stroke, 1989, Vol 24, Pg 25-29). Stroke, 21 (1), 148-151

Keywords: HEART/STROKE

Sandin, K.J. and Smith, B.S. (1990), The Measure of Balance in Sitting in Stroke Rehabilitation Prognosis. Stroke, 21 (1), 82-86

Keywords: HEART/STROKE

Weingarten, S., Bolus, R., Riedinger, M.S., Maldonado, L., Stein, S. and Ellrodt, A.G. (1990), The Principle of Parsimony - Glasgow Coma Scale Score Predicts Mortality As Well As the Apache-Ii Score for Stroke Patients. Stroke, 21 (9), 1280-1282

Keywords: HEART/SEP/STROKE

Davenport, J. and Hart, R.G. (1990), Prosthetic Valve Endocarditis 1976-1987 - Antibiotics, Anticoagulation, and Stroke. Stroke, 21 (7), 993-999

Keywords: HEART/STROKE

Wender, M., Lenartjankowska, D., Pruchnik, D. and Kowal, P. (1990), Epidemiology of Stroke in the Poznan District of Poland. Stroke, 21 (3), 390-393

Keywords: HEART/STROKE

Delzoppo, G.J. (1990), An Open, Multicenter Trial of Recombinant Tissue Plasminogen- Activator in Acute Stroke - A Progress Report. Stroke, 21 (12), 174-175.

Abstract: Sixteen clinical centers in two countries have undertaken a prospective open angiography- and computed tomography scan- based safety and efficacy dose-rate finding study of recombinant (two-chain) tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PaA) in acute thrombotic and thromboembolic stroke. Preliminary experience with 71 rt-PA treated patients in seven dose-rate groups has demonstrated both partial and complete recanalization, documented by angiography, although a dose response has not yet been achieved. Hemorrhagic infarction has been documented at all rates, and dose-rate independent cerebral hematomas have been observed. The study continues at higher dose rates while still remaining within the safety guideline

Keywords: CLINICAL TRIALS/HEART/MIDDLE CEREBRAL-ARTERY/PLASMINOGEN ACTIVATOR/STROKE/THROMBOLYTIC THERAPY/TISSUE TYPE

Shinkawa, A., Ueda, K., Hasuo, Y., Kiyohara, Y. and Fujishima, M. (1990), Seasonal-Variation in Stroke Incidence in Hisayama, Japan. Stroke, 21 (9), 1262-1267

Keywords: HEART/SEP/STROKE

Dennis, M., Bamford, J., Sandercock, P. and Warlow, C. (1990), Prognosis of Transient Ischemic Attacks in the Oxfordshire- Community-Stroke-Project. Stroke, 21 (6), 848-853

Keywords: HEART/STROKE

Delzoppo, G.J. (1990), Relevance of Focal Cerebral-Ischemia Models - Experience with Fibrinolytic Agents. Stroke, 21 (12), 155-160

Keywords: ANIMAL MODELS/ANIMAL-MODEL/ARTERY OCCLUSION/BABOON MODEL/BLOOD/CEREBRAL ISCHEMIA/EMBOLIC STROKE/FIBRINOLYSIS/HEART/INFARCTION/STROKE/THROMBOEMBOLIC STROKE/THROMBOLYTIC THERAPY/THROMBOTIC STROKE/TISSUE PLASMINOGEN-ACTIVATOR

Ring, H. (1990), Stroke Outcome Research, A Multidimensional Problem in Need of Multidimensional Answers - the Loewenstein-Rehabilitation- Center Stroke and Stroke Outcome Research at A Crossroad. Stroke, 21 (9), 61-63

Keywords: HEART/SEP/STROKE

Santus, G., Ranzenigo, A., Caregnato, R. and Inzoli, M.R. (1990), Social and Family Integration of Hemiplegic Elderly Patients 1 Year After Stroke. Stroke, 21 (7), 1019-1022

Keywords: HEART/STROKE

Clifford, J. (1990), Current Use of Functional Assessment to Measure Stroke Outcome in Canada. Stroke, 21 (9), 59-60

Keywords: HEART/STROKE

Cooper, R., Sempos, C., Hsieh, S.C. and Kovar, M.G. (1990), Slowdown in the Decline of Stroke Mortality in the United- States, 1978-1986. Stroke, 21 (9), 1274-1279

Keywords: HEART/STROKE

Shah, S., Vanclay, F. and Cooper, B. (1990), Efficiency, Effectiveness, and Duration of Stroke Rehabilitation. Stroke, 21 (2), 241-246

Keywords: HEART/STROKE

Schror, K. and Braun, M. (1990), Platelets As A Source of Vasoactive Mediators. Stroke, 21 (12), 32-35.

Abstract: Human platelets release two major classes of vasoactive mediators during the secretion reaction: arachidonic acid metabolites and biogenic amines. All of these compounds, in particular thromboxane A2, PGF2-alpha, and serotonin (5-HT), are potent constrictors of human cerebral arteries in vitro. This contractile action of platelet-derived vasoconstrictors, as well as their prothrombotic activity, is antagonized by the vascular endothelium. Atherosclerotic alterations of the vessel wall endothelium, typical for cerebral ischemia and stroke, are associated with platelet hyperreactivity and enhanced mediator release during stimulation. Inhibition of platelet (hyper)function by acetylsalicylic acid or ticlopidine has clear protective effects in high-risk patients, underlining the significance of these platelet-derived products for cerebral thromboembolism and vasoconstriction. Whether more selective inhibitors of thromboxane generations or action are equally effective remains to be determined

Keywords: A2/BASILAR ARTERY/BLOOD PLATELETS/CEREBRAL VASOSPASM/CONTRACTION/HEART/INHIBITOR/ISCHEMIA/PROSTACYCLIN/PROSTAGLANDINS/STROKE/SUBARACHNOID HEMORRHAGE/THROMBOXANE-A2/VASOCONSTRICTOR AGENTS/YOUNG-PATIENTS

[Anon]. (1990), Symposium Recommendations for Methodology in Stroke Outcome Research - Task-Force on Stroke Impairment, Task-Force on Stroke Disability, and Task-Force on Stroke Handicap. Stroke, 21 (9), 68-73

Coull, B.M., Brockschmidt, J.K., Howard, G., Becker, C., Yatsu, F.M., Toole, J.F., Mcleroy, K.R. and Feibel, J. (1990), Community-Hospital Based Stroke Programs in North-Carolina, Oregon, and New-York .4. Stroke Diagnosis and Its Relation to Demographics, Risk-Factors, and Clinical Status After Stroke. Stroke, 21 (6), 867-873

Keywords: HEART/STROKE

Wertz, R.T. (1990), Communication Deficits in Stroke Survivors - An Overview of Classification and Treatment. Stroke, 21 (9), 16-18

Keywords: HEART/SEP/STROKE

Coull, B.M. and Goodnight, S.H. (1990), Antiphospholipid Antibodies, Prethrombotic States, and Stroke (Reprinted from Current Concepts of Cerebrovascular-Disease and Stroke, Vol 25, Pg 13-18, 1990). Stroke, 21 (9), 1370-1374

Keywords: HEART/STROKE

Coull, B.M., Malinow, M.R., Beamer, N., Sexton, G., Nordt, F. and Degarmo, P. (1990), Elevated Plasma Homocyst(E)Ine Concentration As A Possible Independent Risk Factor for Stroke. Stroke, 21 (4), 572-576

Keywords: HEART/STROKE

Reding, M.J. (1990), A Model Stroke Classification Scheme and Its Use in Outcome Research. Stroke, 21 (9), 35-37

Keywords: HEART/SEP/STROKE

Slivka, A., Silbersweig, D. and Pulsinelli, W. (1990), Carnitine Treatment for Stroke in Rats. Stroke, 21 (5), 808-811

Keywords: HEART/STATE/STROKE

Wolf, P.A. (1990), An Overview of the Epidemiology of Stroke. Stroke, 21 (9), 4-6

Keywords: HEART/SEP/STROKE

Anderson, D.C. (1990), Progress Report of the Stroke Prevention in Atrial-Fibrillation Study. Stroke, 21 (11), 12-17

Keywords: STROKE

Braun, M. and Schror, K. (1990), Bay-U-3405 Inhibits Cerebral Vasospasm Induced by Authentic Thromboxane-A2. Stroke, 21 (12), 152-154.

Abstract: Platelet activation results in the formation of various vasoactive mediators such as thromboxane A2 and serotonin. We investigated the effects of Bay U 3405 [(3R)-3-(4-fluorophenyl- sulfonamido)-1,2,3,4,-tetrahydro-9-carbazolepropanoic acid] on vasocontractions of isolated bovine cerebral arteries induced by U 46.619, a stable thromboxane/prostaglandin-endoperoxide analogue, and authentic thromboxane A2 released from thrombin- stimulated human platelets. Bay U 3405 (0.001-10 mu-mol/1) potently inhibited the contraction induced by U 46.619 and demonstrated a reduction of the thromboxane-mediated component of platelet-induced contractile response at higher concentrations (0.1-10 mu-mol)

Keywords: A2/CEREBRAL VASOSPASM/HEART/PLATELET/PROSTAGLANDIN ENDOPEROXIDE/STROKE/THROMBOXANE-A2

Slivka, A. and Levy, D. (1990), Natural-History of Progressive Ischemic Stroke in A Population Treated with Heparin. Stroke, 21 (12), 1657-1662.

Abstract: Data on the acute natural history of progressive stroke with or without heparin treatment are limited. To define the acute course of patients treated with heparin for progressive stroke, we examined the charts of 69 such patients identified through the Cornell Neurology Database from October 1979 to June 1985. Analysis included determining whether further clinical deterioration or hemorrhagic complications were associated with readily identifiable clinical or laboratory variables. Twenty- five patients (36%) continued to deteriorate while receiving heparin, another two (3%) worsened due to intracerebral hemorrhage, and a total of 10 patients (14%) had bleeding complications. No clinical features or heparin dosing regimens distinguished the patients likely to benefit from heparin. Clinical progression or hemorrhage did not correlate with the level of anticoagulation as measured by the average heparin dose per day or the means partial thromboplastin time. Without unequivocal evidence demonstrating heparin's ineffectiveness for progressive stroke, many clinicians managing such patients will continue to use heparin. Our results suggest that this decision should not be governed by such clinical features as a patient's age or sex or by the vascular distribution of the stroke. Furthermore, frequent measurement of and overzealous efforts to adjust the partial thromboplastin time may be unnecessary since it does not correlate with outcome

Keywords: CEREBRAL ISCHEMIA/COMPLICATIONS/HEART/HEPARIN/INFARCTION/NATURAL HISTORY/PROSPECTIVE TRIAL/STROKE/THERAPY

Brandstater, M.E. (1990), An Overview of Stroke Rehabilitation. Stroke, 21 (9), 40-42

Keywords: HEART/STROKE

Finlayson, M.A.J. (1990), Neuropsychological Assessment and Treatment of Stroke Patients - An Overview. Stroke, 21 (9), 14-15

Keywords: HEART/STROKE

Fieschi, C., Dipiero, V., Lenzi, G.L., Pantano, P., Giubilei, F., Buttinelli, C. and Carolei, A. (1990), Pathophysiology of Ischemic Brain Disease. Stroke, 21 (12), 9-11.

Abstract: In this article, we review and discuss the pathophysiology of brain ischemia, focusing on requirements of cerebral metabolism, biochemical characterization of the energy reserve, and autoradiographic and tomographic methods for in vivo evaluation of cerebral blood flow and metabolism. We propose new therapeutic strategies for the management of the acute phase of stroke, based on diagnostic protocols that include clinical evaluation, noninvasive study of neck and intracranial arteries, brain computed tomography, and single-photon emission computed tomography. The ideal therapeutic trial should combine early thrombolysis and active brain protection against those biochemical mechanisms leading to irreversible neuronal damage

Keywords: ACETAZOLAMIDE/ACUTE STROKE/ARTERY OCCLUSION/CEREBRAL BLOOD-FLOW/CEREBRAL ISCHEMIA/GLUCOSE- UTILIZATION/HEART/INFARCTION/METABOLISM/NORMAL VALUES/PERFUSION/POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY/STROKE

Finklestein, S.P., Caday, C.G., Kano, M., Berlove, D.J., Hsu, C.Y., Moskowitz, M. and Klagsbrun, M. (1990), Growth-Factor Expression After Stroke. Stroke, 21 (11), 122-124

Keywords: HEART/STROKE

Evans, R.L. and Bishop, D.S. (1990), Psychosocial Outcomes in Stroke Survivors - Implications for Research. Stroke, 21 (9), 48-49

Keywords: HEART/STROKE

Zhu, C.Z. and Norris, J.W. (1990), Role of Carotid Stenosis in Ischemic Stroke. Stroke, 21 (8), 1131-1134

Keywords: HEART/STROKE

Phillips, D.A., Fisher, M., Davis, M.A., Smith, T.W. and Pang, R.H.L. (1990), Delayed Treatment with A T-Pa Analog and Streptokinase in A Rabbit Embolic Stroke Model. Stroke, 21 (4), 602-605

Keywords: HEART/STROKE

Price, T.R. (1990), Stroke in Patients Treated with Thrombolytic Therapy for Acute Myocardial-Infarction - the Thrombosis in Myocardial-Infarction Clinical-Trial and A Review of Placebo-Controlled Trials. Stroke, 21 (11), 8-9

Keywords: HEART/STROKE

Price, T.R. (1990), Affective-Disorders After Stroke. Stroke, 21 (9), 12-13

Keywords: HEART/SEP/STROKE

Dunbabin, D.W. and Sandercock, P.A.G. (1990), Preventing Stroke by the Modification of Risk-Factors. Stroke, 21 (12), 36-39.

Abstract: Epidemiologic research has revealed the major risk factors in cerebrovascular disease. This review will concentrate on three important risk factors: elevated blood pressure, the most common and important, since it is responsible for up to 70% of all strokes; raised cholesterol; and smoking. These factors are important not only because they increase the risk of stroke, but also because they are amenable to modification by drugs, diet, or other interventions. Strategies to avoid stroke can either 1) try to produce substantial reductions, usually with drugs, in the level of the risk factor in the few individuals in the population with high levels (the "high-risk" approach), or 2) try to produce modest reductions int he level of the risk factor in every individual in the population, usually not with drugs but with lifestyle modification (the "mass" approach). The prevention of stroke could best be achieved through continuing medical efforts to deal with high- risk individuals and through political strategies to encourage a healthier lifestyle in the population as a whole

Keywords: BLOOD-PRESSURE/CEREBROVASCULAR DISORDERS/CEREBROVASCULAR-DISEASE/COMMUNITY/CONTROLLED TRIAL/CORONARY HEART-DISEASE/HEART/HYPERTENSION/MALE CIGARETTE SMOKERS/MORTALITY/RISK FACTORS/SERUM-CHOLESTEROL/SMOKING/STROKE

Estol, C.J. and Pessin, M.S. (1990), Anticoagulation - Is There Still A Role in Atherothrombotic Stroke. Stroke, 21 (5), 820-824

Keywords: HEART/STROKE

Pappata, S., Mazoyer, B., Dinh, S.T., Cambon, H., Levasseur, M. and Baron, J.C. (1990), Effects of Capsular Or Thalamic Stroke on Metabolism in the Cortex and Cerebellum - A Positron Tomography Study. Stroke, 21 (4), 519-524

Keywords: HEART/STROKE

Petty, G.W., Brust, J.C.M., Tatemichi, T.K. and Barr, M.L. (1990), Embolic Stroke After Smoking Crack Cocaine. Stroke, 21 (11), 1632-1635

Keywords: HEART/STROKE

Perzborn, E., Fiedler, V.B., Seuter, F., Stasch, J.P., Weber, H., Sander, E., Boshagen, H. and Rosentreter, U. (1990), Characterization of Bay-U-3405, A Novel Thromboxane A2 Endoperoxide Receptor Antagonist. Stroke, 21 (12), 143-145.

Abstract: The thromboxane A2-receptor antagonistic properties of Bay U 3405 [(3R)-3-(4-fluorophenylsulfonamido)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-9- carbazo-lepropanoic acid] have been evaluated in various pharmacologic models. Bay U 3405 specifically inhibits platelet aggregation induced by U 46619, collagen, platelet- activating factor, and the second wave of ADP (Ic50 0.5, 0.07, 0.3, 0.19-mu-M) in human plasma. The primary phase of ADP- induced aggregation is not affected. U 46619-induced platelet aggregation is competitively antagonized (pA2=6.3). In humans, ex vivo platelet aggregation is inhibited after oral application of 2 or 50 mg Bay U 3405. Bay U 3405 also specifically and competitively antagonizes U 46619-induced contractions of rabbit aortic rings (PA2=7.4). In vivo, Bay U 305 protects rabbits dose dependently from arachidonic acid or collagen-induced thromboembolism (ED50 1-3 mg/kg p.o). Chronic administration of Bay U 3405 to stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats reduced stroke-related mortality and diminishes the occurrence of cerebral hemorrhages. From these results, we conclude that Bay U 3405 is an orally active, selective, and competitive thromboxane A2-receptor antagonist that may be beneficial in the treatment of cardiovascular or cerebrovascular diseases

Keywords: A2/ADP/HEART/PLATELET AGGREGATION/PROSTAGLANDIN ENDOPEROXIDES/SPONTANEOUSLY HYPERTENSIVE RATS/STROKE/THROMBOXANE-A2

Thorngren, M., Westling, B. and Norrving, B. (1990), Outcome After Stroke in Patients Discharged to Independent Living. Stroke, 21 (2), 236-240

Keywords: HEART/STROKE

Holthoff, V., Beil, C., Hartmannklosterkotter, U., Neveling, M., Pawlik, G., Herholz, K. and Heiss, W.D. (1990), Effect of Nimodipine on Glucose-Metabolism in the Course of Ischemic Stroke. Stroke, 21 (12), 95-97.

Abstract: We investigated the effect of the calcium channel-blocking agent nimodipine on regional cerebral metabolic rate of glucose in acute ischemic middle cerebral artery infarction diagnosed clinically and by computed tomography. Twenty-seven patients entered the study within 48 hours after onset of symptoms and randomly received either nimodipine (2 mg/hr constant intravenous infusion for 5 days, 120 mg/day orally for another 16 days) or placebo. Four of the 27 patients died within the first 3 weeks and could not be evaluated. Of the remaining 23 patients, 11 were assigned to the nimodipine group and 12 to a control group. We analyzed data from positron emission tomography, performed twice before and after completion of therapy, and clinical data from the treatment period and the next 6 months based on the Mathew Score for early assessment and the Barthel Index for late assessment. During the post- treatment period, two patients from the nimodipine group and three from the control group died. The evaluated patients were comparable for age and sex distribution, initial clinical deficit, and infarct size and localization. We found significant metabolic changes between both treatment groups

Keywords: ACIDOSIS/BLOOD-FLOW/CEREBRAL-ARTERY OCCLUSION/HEART/INFARCTION/METABOLISM/NIMODIPINE/PH/RAT-BRAIN/STROKE/TOMOGRAPHY

Massey, E.W., Biller, J., Davis, J.N., Adams, H.P., Marler, J.R., Goldstein, L.B., Alberts, M. and Bruno, A. (1990), Large-Dose Infusions of Heparinoid Org-10172 in Ischemic Stroke. Stroke,