References

154 (2), 111-113

Sato, Y., Nakatsuka, H., Watanabe, T., Hisamichi, S., Shimizu, H., Fujisaku, S., Ichinowatari, Y., Ida, Y., Suda, S., Kato, K. and Ikeda, M. (1989), Possible Contribution of Green Tea Drinking Habits to the Prevention of Stroke. Tohoku Journal of Experimental Medicine, 157 (4), 337-343

Nakamura, R. and Fujita, M. (1990), Effect of Thyrotropin-Releasing-Hormone (Trh) on Motor- Performance of Hemiparetic Stroke Patients. Tohoku Journal of Experimental Medicine, 160 (2), 141-143

Keywords: JAPAN/MEDICINE

Nagasawa, H., Kogure, K., Kawashima, K., Ido, T., Itoh, M. and Hatazawa, J. (1990), Effects of Co-Dergocrine Mesylate (Hydergine) in Multiinfarct Dementia As Evaluated by Positron Emission Tomography. Tohoku Journal of Experimental Medicine, 162 (3), 225-233.

Abstract: Three female patients aged from 74 to 79 with multiinfarct dementia were studied using positron emission tomography (PET) to assess the effect of co-dergocrine mesylate (Hydergine(R)) on cerebral glucose metabolism. The cerebral glucose utilization (CMRGlc) of each patient was evaluated by PET scan using 2-deoxy-[F-18]-2-fluoro-D-glucose (FDG). Following the first PET study, 0.04 mg/kg of co-dergocrine mesylate was injected intravenously with 250 ml saline solution, and then the second PET study was performed. The CMRGlc was determined from the images of the PET scan and the radioactivity of F-18 in the plasma. After the administration of co-dergocrine mesylate, the value of CMRGlc increased significantly in the cerebral cortex (p < 0.01 and p < 0.05) and basal ganglia (p < 0.05) compared with values before the administration, but no significant increase was found in the centrum semiovale. These results suggest that co-dergocrine mesylate stimulates glucose metabolism of neurons in the human brain

Keywords: BLOOD-FLOW/BRAIN/CEREBRAL GLUCOSE METABOLISM/CEREBRAL GLUCOSE-UTILIZATION/CO-DERGOCRINE MESYLATE/DEMENTIA/DEOXYGLUCOSE/ISCHEMIA/JAPAN/MEDICINE/METABOLIC-RATE/PET/POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY/RAT HIPPOCAMPUS/SENILE DEMENTIA/STROKE/VALIDATION

Suzuki, K., Nakamura, R., Yamada, Y. and Handa, T. (1990), Determinants of Maximum Walking Speed in Hemiparetic Stroke Patients. Tohoku Journal of Experimental Medicine, 162 (4), 337-344.

Abstract: The time necessary to walk 10 m with the fastest speed, the sway path of the center of feet pressure in station, and the isokinetic strength for knee extension of each side were examined in 29 hemiparetic stroke patients. The maximum walking speed of the patients was related to the sway path and the isokinetic muscle strength of affected side. The patients could be divided into two groups based on their sway path. The determinants of the maximum walking speed in the unstable group were the sway path and the isokenitic muscle strength of the both sides, whereas that in the stable group was only the isokinetic muscle strength of affected side

Keywords: CAPACITY/JAPAN/MEDICINE/MUSCLE STRENGTH

Adams, Z., Gattullo, D., Losano, G., Marsh, N.A., Vacca, G. and Whaler, B.C. (1981), The Effect of Bitis-Gabonica (Gaboon Viper) Snake-Venom on Blood-Pressure, Stroke Volume and Coronary Circulation in the Dog. Toxicon, 19 (2), 263-270

Gobes, L. (1981), Stroke Strategy with Couples. Transactional Analysis Journal, 11 (4), 312

Champeau, T. (1983), Transactional-Analysis in Stroke Rehabilitation. Transactional Analysis Journal, 13 (1), 50-54

Hunt, D. and Kuekes, E.G. (1984), Stroke Lattice. Transactional Analysis Journal, 14 (1), 72-73

Meredith, K. (1986), Stroke-O-Graph - the Psychological Diet Chart. Transactional Analysis Journal, 16 (3), 161-164

Ingram, R. (1986), The Game of Arse - (Antagonize, Reconcile, Stroke). Transactional Analysis Journal, 16 (2), 128-131

Igo, S.R., Turner, S.A., Fuqua, J.M., Mcgee, M.G., Chambers, J.A., Clay, W.C. and Norman, J.C. (1981), Control-System Evaluations of the Thi Gould Lvas - Pump Rate and Stroke Volume Responsiveness During Exercise in the Unanesthetized Calf. Transactions American Society for Artificial Internal Organs, 27 454-460

Mazurek, M.F. and Norris, J.W. (1981), Inappropriate Anti-Diuresis and the Deteriorating Stroke. Transactions of the American Neurological Association, 106 346-348

Jones, H.R., Caplan, L.R., Come, P.C., Swinton, N.W. and Breslin, D.J. (1981), Paradoxical Cerebral Emboli - An Occult Cause of Stroke. Transactions of the American Neurological Association, 106 358-361

Breuer, A.C., Franco, I., Marzewski, D. and Sotovelasco, J. (1981), Left-Ventricular Thrombi Seen by Ventriculography Are A Significant Risk Factor for Stroke in Open-Heart Surgery. Transactions of the American Neurological Association, 106 345-346

Coppock, G.E., Churchill, D.B. and Hedden, S.L. (1985), Shaker Stroke Affects Selective Removal of Valencia Oranges. Transactions of the Asae, 28 (4), 1094-1096

Wang, G., Reader, J., Hynd, J. and Pepper, J. (1990), Improved Heart and Lung Preservation in A Rat Model. Transplant International, 3 (4), 206-211.

Abstract: We investigated the efficacy of four different preservation solutions in a heart-lung model in the rat. The heart and lungs of the donor were perfused under standardised conditions of temperature, pressure and flow. We studied 4 groups: group 1 received Stanford solution to heart and lung; group 2 received St. Thomas' solution to heart and Papworth solution to lung; group 3 received University of Wisconsin solution to heart and lung; and group 4 received University of Wisconsin solution to heart and Papworth solution to lung. Lung function assessed by arterial pO2 at a standardised F1O2 was significantly better in groups 2 and 4 than in other groups. However, cardiac function as assessed by cardiac output, stroke work index and minute work index was significantly better in group 4 than in any other group. Overall, the combination of solutions in group 4 provided the most effective preservation in this model

Keywords: HEART-LUNG/IN HEART-LUNG PRESERVATION/IN HEART-LUNG PRESERVATION PAPWORTH SOLUTION/IN HEART-LUNG PRESERVATION UW SOLUTION/NEW-YORK/PRESERVATION/RAT HEART-LUNG PRESERVATION ST THOMAS SOLUTION

Naeser, M.A. (1982), Language-Behavior in Stroke Patients - Cortical V Sub-Cortical Lesion Sites on Ct Scans. Trends in Neurosciences, 5 (2), 53-59

Begam, R.G. (1984), The Law of Outrage - A Stroke of Justice for the Insured. Trial, 20 (8), 34-&

Jain, V.K. and Bist, R.P.S. (1981), A New Approach for Assessing the Cleanliness Characteristics of 2-Stroke Engine Oils. Tribology International, 14 (2), 95-99

Jain, V.K., Sethuramiah, A. and Ram, M. (1981), Further Investigation of Lubricating Ability of 2-Stroke Engine Oils. Tribology International, 14 (2), 91-94

Ram, M. and Sethuramiah, A. (1984), Study of the Lubrication Mechanism of 2-Stroke Engine Oils Using A Disk Machine. Tribology International, 17 (2), 73-81

Sivasankaran, G.A., Bisht, R.P.S., Jain, V.K., Gupta, M., Sethuramiah, A. and Bhatia, V.K. (1988), Jojoba-Oil-Based 2-Stroke Gasoline-Engine Lubricant. Tribology International, 21 (6), 327-333

Hodes, R.M. (1990), Takayasus Disease in An Ethiopian. Tropical and Geographical Medicine, 42 (4), 373-376.

Abstract: A 26-year-old Ethiopian woman with past history of stroke, presented with complaints of weakness, dyspnea on exertion, headache, and orthopnea. She had severe hypertension, asynchronous pulses, radial-femoral lag, cardiomegaly, and left ventricular hypertrophy. Blood studies were normal. Arteriogram in America showed aortic and mitral incompetence, bilateral subclavian occlusion distal to the origin of the vertebral arteries, with occluded hepatic and superior mesenteric arteries. The infrarenal abdominal aorta and common and external iliac arteries were occluded bilaterally. Renal arteries were normal. Takayasu's arteritis, inactive, was diagnosed. She underwent bilateral carotid-subclavian bypass, thromboendarterectomy of the abdominal aorta, and aorto-iliac bypass grafts. 3 years later she is greatly improved. This is the first report of Takayasu's arteritis from Ethiopia. International studies on the disease are summarized

Keywords: AORTIC ARCH ARTERITIS/AORTIC ARCH SYNDROME/ARTERITIS/DIAGNOSIS/ETHIOPIA/MEDICINE/NETHERLANDS/TAKAYASU ARTERITIS/TAKAYASU DISEASE

Bwala, S.A. (1989), Stroke in A Subsaharan Nigerian Hospital - A Retrospective Study. Tropical Doctor, 19 (1), 11-14

Brassel, F., Hendrickx, P., Roth, U., Frohlich, H. and Wagner, H.H. (1990), An Invivo-Like Phantom for Evaluating the Clinical Use of Duplex Scanning and Color-Coded Doppler Devices (Ccdd). Ultraschall in der Medizin, 11 (6), 290-294.

Abstract: To evaluate the accuracy and reliability of colour-coded Doppler devices (CCDD) for practical use, a circulatory phantom with in vivo characteristics was developed. The experimental design consists of a piston-diaphragm metering pump with an adjustable piston volume and frequency of stroke as well as silicone tubings with different elasticity and diameters comparable with cadaver arteries. Depending on physiological conditions, blood as a circulating fluid and the surrounding soft tissues of the artery near the Doppler probe should be employed. The transducer should be manually guided. Thus, comparable to physiological frequency spectral displays, different types of wave forms (e. g. monophasic, triphasic) were initiated to analyse the reliability of CCDDs for practical use

Keywords: ARTERY/BLOOD-FLOW MEASUREMENTS/CALIBRATION/CIRCULATORY PHANTOM/COLOR-CODED DOPPLER/DUPLEX SCANNING/HUMAN CAROTID BIFURCATION/INVITRO MEASUREMENTS/PHANTOM FOR DOPPLER/PULSED DOPPLER/SONOGRAPHY/STEADY FLOW/ULTRASOUND/VELOCITY

Croteau, F. (1982), The Marathon Mans Portrait of A Heat-Stroke Or Heat Exhaustion. Union Medicale du Canada, 111 (5), 413-416

Terent, A. and Andersson, B. (1981), The Prognosis for Patients with Cerebrovascular Stroke and Transient Ischemic Attacks. Upsala Journal of Medical Sciences, 86 (1), 63-74

Hamrin, E., Eklund, G., Hillgren, A.K., Borges, O., Hall, J. and Hellstrom, O. (1982), Muscle Strength and Balance in Post-Stroke Patients. Upsala Journal of Medical Sciences, 87 (1), 11-26

Grobe, T. and Raithel, D. (1983), Survival Rate and Stroke Incidence After Carotid Endarterectomy. Vasa-Journal of Vascular Diseases, 12 (2), 139-144

Kessler, C., Reuther, R. and Henningsen, H. (1984), Scintigraphic Dual Isotope Evaluation of the Carotid Arteries in Stroke Patients. Vasa-Journal of Vascular Diseases, 13 (4), 354-359

Steiner, T.J. (1988), Naftidrofuryl in the Treatment of Recent Stroke - Results of A Controlled Clinical-Trial. Vasa-Journal of Vascular Diseases, 44-47

Williams, R.W. (1982), Experience in the Diagnosis and Surgical-Management of Cerebral Stroke - A 12-Year Self-Performance Assessment. Vascular Surgery, 16 (3), 148-171

Mordovtsev, V.N., Sergeev, A.S., Alieva, P.M. and Koshechkin, V.A. (1982), Association of Psoriasis with Hyperlipoproteinemias, Cerebral Stroke, Ischemic-Heart-Disease, and Diabetes-Mellitus. Vestnik Dermatologii I Venerologii, (9), 4-8

Chufarov, V.N. (1989), One-Step Determination of the Capacitance Blood-Flow in the Cervical Arteries and the Stroke Volume of the Heart. Vestnik Khirurgii Imeni I I Grekova, 143 (9), 107-110

Edwards, W.C. and Kerr, L.A. (1982), Heat-Stroke in Feedlot Cattle. Veterinary Medicine & Small Animal Clinician, 77 (5), 805-806

Vanaarde, M.N., Littlejohn, A. and Vanderwalt, J.J. (1984), The Ratio of Cardiopulmonary Blood-Volume to Stroke Volume As An Index of Cardiac-Function in Horses. Veterinary Research Communications, 8 (4), 293-302

Ogata, J., Fujishima, M., Tamaki, K., Nakatomi, Y., Ishitsuka, T. and Omae, T. (1982), Stroke-Prone Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats As An Experimental-Model of Malignant Hypertension - A Pathological- Study. Virchows Archiv A-Pathological Anatomy and Histopathology, 394 (3), 185-194

Fujiwara, T., Kondo, M. and Tabei, R. (1990), Morphological-Changes in Cerebral Vascular Smooth-Muscle Cells in Stroke-Prone Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats (Shrsp) - A Scanning and Transmission Electron-Microscopic Study. Virchows Archiv B-Cell Pathology Including Molecular Pathology, 58 (5), 377-382

Keywords: ARCH

Diordiyenko, I.A., Morozov, V.V., Poshertnik, L.S. and Ponomaryov, V.A. (1984), Characterization of the Course of Stroke Associated with Craniocerebral Injury in the Elderly. Vrachebnoe Delo, (5), 94-95

Vinnitsky, A.R., Tsimeiko, O.A. and Vysotsky, N.S. (1984), Role of Extra-Intracranial Microanastomosis in the Rehabilitation of Patients with A History of Ischemic Stroke. Vrachebnoe Delo, (7), 64-67

Vinichuk, S.M. (1984), Types of Hemodynamic Disorders in the Acute Period of Stroke. Vrachebnoe Delo, (4), 37-41

Ishchenko, M.M., Dorogiy, A.N. and Shkrobot, S.I. (1984), Content of Lactic, Pyruvic Acids and Blood Lactatedehydrogenase Activity in Stroke. Vrachebnoe Delo, (1), 86-89

Zinchenko, V.A. (1985), Cytochrome-C in the Treatment of Patients with Ischemic Stroke. Vrachebnoe Delo, (7), 83-84

Zinchenko, V.A., Palaguta, V.D. and Sitinsky, I.A. (1985), Nootropic Drugs in the Acute Period of Cerebral Stroke. Vrachebnoe Delo, (1), 85-86

Vinichuk, S.M. and Kalishchuk, T.N. (1986), Effect of Some Spasmolytic Agents on the Systemic and Cerebral Hemodynamics in Patients with Ischemic Stroke. Vrachebnoe Delo, (3), 12-16

Diordienko, I.A., Zlobina, V.I., Posherstnik, L.S. and Cherednichenko, V.I. (1986), Clinicoanatomical Parallels in Stroke in the Young. Vrachebnoe Delo, (1), 18-19

Vinichuk, S.M. (1986), Hemodynamic Disorders in Transient Circulatory Disorders, Ischemic Stroke and Approaches to Their Pharmacological Correction. Vrachebnoe Delo, (2), 37-41

Kharchenko, A.P., Dunayevskaya, S.G., Gaiduk, Y.S., Dengub, V.V., Vinichuk, S.M. and Tsymeiko, O.A. (1987), Neuropsychological and Electrophysiological Indexes Before and After Extra-Intracranial Anastomosis in Patients with Ischemic Stroke. Vrachebnoe Delo, (9), 31-34

Tsymeiko, O.A., Sosnov, Y.D., Kharchenko, A.P. and Gaiduk, Y.S. (1988), Use of Sermion in Patients with Cerebral Atherosclerosis and A History of Ischemic Stroke. Vrachebnoe Delo, (7), 24-27

Zinchenko, V.A., Lobzin, S.V., Dukhovsky, A.I. and Kalinichev, S.N. (1988), Difficulties in the Diagnosis of Cerebral Stroke. Vrachebnoe Delo, (5), 50-53

Shevaga, V.N. and Geviak, O.M. (1989), Provision with Vitamin-B6, Vitamin-Pp and Vitamin-C in Patients During the Acute Period of Ischemic Stroke. Vrachebnoe Delo, (3), 15-16

Vinichuk, S.M. and Vinichuk, I.S. (1989), Efficacy of Using Rheopolyglukin in the Complex Treatment of Patients with Ischemic Stroke. Vrachebnoe Delo, (11), 54-57

Vinnitsky, A.R., Tsimeiko, O.A. and Dengub, V.V. (1989), A Study of the Mechanism of Speech Restoration After Revascularization Operations in Patients with Ischemic Stroke. Vrachebnoe Delo, (9), 24-26

Vinichuk, S.M. and Vinichuk, I.S. (1989), Types of Cerebral Circulatory Disorders in Ischemic Stroke. Vrachebnoe Delo, (6), 60-62

Chernenko, N.I., Vishnevskaya, T.M., Godyna, S.V., Leliukhina, E.V., Shutova, T.M. and Yevenko, A.N. (1990), Clinicobiochemical Indexes of the Blood in Patients with Cerebral Atherosclerosis and A History of Stroke. Vrachebnoe Delo, (11), 55-57

Keywords: RECOVERY

Vinichuk, S.M., Tsimeiko, O.A., Mirgorodsky, O.A. and Gaiduk, Y.S. (1990), State of the Hemodynamics Before and After Revascularization Operations in Patients with Ischemic Stroke. Vrachebnoe Delo, (10), 67-69.

Abstract: Patients with a history of cerebral infarction showed in the postischemic period a eukinetic and hypokinetic type of the systemic hemodynamics. Disorders of the cerebral circulation are mainly manifested in hypoperfusion of the cerebral blood vessels. Hypoperfusion of the brain tissue may be one of the hemodynamic indications to the operation of extraintracranial microanastomosis

Vinichuk, I.S. (1990), Relationship of Ischemic Stroke Risk-Factors and Indexes of Blood-Viscosity. Vrachebnoe Delo, (3), 57-59

Vinichuk, S.M. (1990), Age Aspects of the Hemodynamics in Patients with Ischemic Stroke. Vrachebnoe Delo, (11), 57-60.

Abstract: Analyzed are the age aspects of systemic and cerebral hemodynamics in 273 patients with ischemic stroke. It was found that in young patients the eukinetic type was mainly associated with hypoperfusion of brain tissue while in the older age groups the hypokinetic type of hemodynamics prevailed and disorders of the cerebral blood circulation were manifested in hypo- and hyperperfusion of the brain tissue

Moore, S.L. (1981), Piston Ring Lubrication in A 2-Stroke Diesel-Engine. Wear, 72 (3), 353-369

Zurrin, R. (1990), Variable Long-Stroke Form Honing - Possible Uses and Limits. Werkstattstechnik Zeitschrift fur Industrielle Fertigung, 80 (11), 619-624

Keywords: NEW-YORK

Leramo, O.B., Char, G., Coard, K. and Morgan, O.S. (1986), Spinal Stroke As A Presentation of Dissecting Aneurysm of the Aorta. West Indian Medical Journal, 35 (3), 203-205

Chater, N. (1983), Results of Neurosurgical Microvascular Extra-Cranial Intracranial Bypass for Stroke - A Decade of Experience. Western Journal of Medicine, 138 (4), 531-533

Becker, D.P., Verity, M.A., Povlishock, J. and Cheung, M. (1988), Brain Cellular Injury and Recovery - Horizons for Improving Medical Therapies in Stroke and Trauma. Western Journal of Medicine, 148 (6), 670-684

Weimann, S. (1981), Possibilities and Limitations of Surgical Therapy of Extra- Cranial Vascular Occlusion Causing Stroke. Wiener Klinische Wochenschrift, 93 (12), 381-388

Barolin, G.S. (1982), Guidelines to the Rehabilitation of Patients with Neurological Disorders, Especially Stroke. Wiener Klinische Wochenschrift, 94 (1), 19-25

Zeiler, K., Auff, E. and Schnaberth, G. (1984), Cerebral-Angiography As Guide to Prognosis in Stroke in the Young. Wiener Klinische Wochenschrift, 96 (15), 580-584

Wimmer, S., Auff, E., Holzner, F. and Zeiler, K. (1986), The Prognostic-Significance of Initial Loss of Consciousness in Patients Surviving An Acute Stroke. Wiener Klinische Wochenschrift, 98 (3), 74-78

Dalbianco, P., Zeiler, K., Baumgartner, C., Kollegger, H., Oder, W. and Deecke, L. (1989), Cigarette-Smoking - A Risk Factor for Stroke. Wiener Klinische Wochenschrift, 101 (20), 687-694

Baumgartner, C., Zeiler, K., Oder, W., Binder, H. and Deecke, L. (1989), Prognostic Factors for Survival and Stroke Occurrence in Patients with Transient Ischemic Attacks. Wiener Klinische Wochenschrift, 101 (5), 160-166

Zenker, G., Bone, G., Kandlhofer, B., Forche, G. and Harnoncourt, K. (1984), The Importance of Echocardiography for Screening Examination in Patients with Ischemic Stroke. Wiener Medizinische Wochenschrift, 134 (21), 475-477

Mourlevat, J. (1982), Long-Stroke Pump Boosts Heavy Oil-Recovery. World Oil, 195 (6), 83-&

Hrastnik, F. (1988), Prevention of Stroke. Zdravstveni Vestnik, 57 (4), 127-129

Grad, A., Hrastnik, F. and Kiauta, T. (1989), Electrocardiographic Patterns in Ischemic Stroke Patients. Zdravstveni Vestnik , 58 (6-7), 213-215

Rudt, R. (1984), Listeria-Monocytogenes Meningoencephalitis As A Possible Differential-Diagnosis of Vascular Stroke. Zeitschrift fur Gerontologie, 17 (1), 45-47

Kruse, A. (1984), The Stroke Patients and His Family. Zeitschrift fur Gerontologie, 17 (6), 359-366

Dieck, M. (1985), The Stroke - An Interdisciplinary Problem. Zeitschrift fur Gerontologie, 18 (3), 177-181

Meierbaumgartner, H.P. (1985), Aspects of the Clinical Rehabilitation of Stroke Patients. Zeitschrift fur Gerontologie, 18 (4), 236-240

Thomae, H., Boeger, A., Kruse, A., Schindler, S. and Wurzburger, I. (1985), Coping Patterns of Stroke Patients Related to Their Health Condition. Zeitschrift fur Gerontologie, 18 (4), 226-230

Illinger, H., Karl, F., Leutiger, H., Ostermann, K., Radebold, H., Schmidt, R., Sprungostermann, B., Vonungernsternberg, A. and Weimann, G. (1985), Group-Specific Improvements in the Everyday Functions of Elderly Stroke Patients During the Rehabilitation Phase - Report from the Study Rehabilitation in Geriatrics - Analysis and Evaluation of Rehabilitation Procedures in Stroke Patients Over 60 Years of Age with Regard to Epidemiological Aspectsh. Zeitschrift fur Gerontologie, 18 (4), 231-235

Frolich, L., Nemeth, G. and Hoyer, S. (1987), International-Symposium Dementia and Stroke - Biology of the Aging Brain - Conference Report. Zeitschrift fur Gerontologie, 20 (6), 381-385

Braun, M. (1988), The Disturbance of Spatial-Analysis - A Key to Understanding Anosognosia After A Dextrocerebral Stroke. Zeitschrift fur Gerontologie, 21 (3), 129-133

Zippel, C., Conradi, M.L. and Nichelmann, C. (1988), The Conceptional Basis of the Rehabilitation in Patients with Stroke. Zeitschrift fur Gerontologie, 21 (6), 334-338

Arnold, K. (1990), Cognitive and Activity-Oriented Processes in the Rehabilitation of Aged Stroke Patients. Zeitschrift fur Gerontologie, 23 (5), 275-283

Klepzig, H., Standke, R., Nickelsen, T., Maul, F.D., Hor, G. and Kaltenbach, M. (1984), Limitations of the Scintigraphically Determined Left- Ventricular Right Ventricular Stroke Count Ratio in Patients with Aortic Regurgitation. Zeitschrift fur Kardiologie, 73 (6), 363-369

Klepzig, H., Standke, R., Maul, F.D., Hor, G. and Kaltenbach, M. (1986), Combined 1St-Pass and Equilibrium Radionuclide Ventriculography for Noninvasive Quantification of Aortic and Or Mitral Regurgitation - Comparison with the Left Right Ventricular Stroke Count Ratio. Zeitschrift fur Kardiologie, 75 24-27

Heiss, W.D. (1987), Pathophysiological Rationale of Therapy in Ischemic Stroke. Zeitschrift fur Kardiologie, 76 87-98

Stangl, K., Wirtzfeld, A., Gobl, G., Heinze, R., Laule, M. and Hoekstein, K. (1987), Stroke Volume, Mixed Venous Oxygen-Saturation and Temperature As Dynamic Parameters for Rate Responsive Pacing. Zeitschrift fur Kardiologie, 76 (2), 110-117

Muhlberger, V., Moes, N. and Knapp, E. (1988), Reduction of Left-Ventricular Stroke Work After Revascularization of Significant Left Main Stenosis. Zeitschrift fur Kardiologie, 77 (10), 625-631

Dehner, R., Ikeda, K., Yamori, Y. and Grobecker, H. (1990), Adrenaline in Cardiovascular-Diseases - Effect of Beta- Adrenoceptor Antagonists. Zeitschrift fur Kardiologie, 79 79-88.

Abstract: By subcutaneous insertion of osmotic minipumps leading to continuous infusion of l-adrenaline, we were able to induce hypertension in normotensive Wistar-Kyoto strain (WKY) rats which was shown to be completely reversible by application of the non-selective beta-adrenoceptor antagonist carvedilol. No consistent effect of adrenaline on heart rate could be observed. At least in rat heart, adrenaline replaced the original neurotransmitter noradrenaline in amine storage sites, the sum of all catecholamines remaining unchanged. By comparing tissue concentrations of endogenous amines of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and stroke-prone-SHR (SHR-SP) to the corresponding levels of their normotensive controls of the Wistar-Kyoto strain, we detected various differences in amine handling during the development of high blood pressure. Significant increases of adrenal gland catecholamines at the ages of 8 and 14 weeks are accompanied by striking alterations of catecholamine (CA) storage in other peripheral organs like the heart and kidneys. Most prominent increases, as compared to controls, were found in adrenaline concentrations in heart and kidney at all ages studied, with levels two to four times higher than the respective WKY concentrations. The results are compatible with a permissive role of adrenaline as a cotransmitter in the initiation and/or maintenance of hypertension. After incorporation into endogenous amine storage vesicles, e.g., of the heart, adrenaline is probably released, together with noradrenaline, upon nerve stimulation. By stimulating presynaptic beta-2-adrenoceptors, adrenaline is able to facilitate noradrenaline release and to enhance noradrenergic vasoconstriction. The resulting increase of peripheral sympathetic tone may be responsible for the pathogenesis of rat genetic and human essential hypertension, as well as for the triggering of myocardial infarction. The blockade of presynaptic beta-receptors is supposed to represent an important mechanism of action of non-selective beta-blocking agents. In the case of carvedilol, this effect is supported by additional antagonism at vascular alpha-adrenoceptors, leading to vasodilation

Keywords: ADRENALINE/CATECHOLAMINES/ESSENTIAL HYPERTENSION/NONSELECTIVE BETA-ADRENOCEPTOR-ANTAGONISTS/POSITIVE FEEDBACK MECHANISM/SHR/SHRSP/SPONTANEOUSLY HYPERTENSIVE RATS/STROKE/WKY/YOUNG

Sieverding, L., Jung, W.I., Klose, U. and Apitz, J. (1990), Cine Magnetic-Resonance in Pediatric Cardiology - Improvement of Diagnostic-Tools by Flow-Rephasing Gradient-Echo Sequences. Zeitschrift fur Kardiologie,