References

52 (6), 602-609

Ihlen, H., Myhre, E., Amlie, J.P., Forfang, K. and Larsen, S. (1985), Changes in Left-Ventricular Stroke Volume Measured by Doppler Echocardiography. British Heart Journal, 54 (4), 378-383

Towfiq, B.A., Weir, J. and Rawles, J.M. (1986), Effect of Age and Blood-Pressure on Aortic Size and Stroke Distance. British Heart Journal, 55 (6), 560-568

Ihlen, H., Endresen, K., Golf, S. and Nitterhauge, S. (1987), Cardiac Stroke Volume During Exercise Measured by Doppler Echocardiography - Comparison with the Thermodilution Technique and Evaluation of Reproducibility. British Heart Journal, 58 (5), 455-459

Thompson, S.G., Greenberg, G. and Meade, T.W. (1989), Risk-Factors for Stroke and Myocardial-Infarction in Women in the United-Kingdom As Assessed in General-Practice - A Case- Control Study. British Heart Journal, 61 (5), 403-409

Todd, N.V. (1987), Improving Blood-Flow Following Stroke. British Journal of Clinical Practice, 41 (2), 593-595

Marshall, J. (1988), If I Had A Stroke. British Journal of Clinical Practice, 42 (11), 445-447

Lincoln, N.B. and Tinson, D.J. (1989), The Relation Between Subjective and Objective Memory Impairment After Stroke. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 28 61-65

Kumana, C.R., Chan, G.T.C., Yu, Y.L., Lauder, I.J., Chan, T.K.P. and Kou, M. (1990), Investigation of Intravascular Hemolysis During Treatment of Acute Stroke with Intravenous Glycerol. British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 29 (3), 347-353

Lincoln, N.B. and Mcguirk, E. (1986), Prediction of Language Recovery in Aphasic Stroke Patients Using the Porch Index of Communicative Ability. British Journal of Disorders of Communication, 21 (1), 83-88

Deboer, A.C., Turpie, A.G.G., Butt, R.W., Duke, R.J., Bloch, R.F. and Genton, E. (1982), Plasma Betathromboglobulin and Serum Fragment-e in Acute Partial Stroke. British Journal of Haematology, 50 (2), 327-334

Beard, M.E.J. and Hickton, C.M. (1982), Hemostasis in Heat-Stroke. British Journal of Haematology, 52 (2), 269-274

Lane, D.A., Wolff, S., Ireland, H., Gawel, M. and Foadi, M. (1983), Activation of Coagulation and Fibrinolytic Systems Following Stroke. British Journal of Haematology, 53 (4), 655-658

Allen, C.M.C. (1984), Predicting Recovery After Acute Stroke. British Journal of Hospital Medicine, 31 (6), 428-&

Harrison, M.J.G. (1984), Hypertension and Stroke. British Journal of Hospital Medicine, 31 (3), 215-&

Mustafa, K.Y., Omer, O., Khogali, M., Jamjoom, A., Gumaa, K.A., Elnasr, N.A. and Gader, M.A. (1985), Blood-Coagulation and Fibrinolysis in Heat-Stroke. British Journal of Haematology, 61 (3), 517-523

Richards, P. (1985), Microsurgery for Stroke. British Journal of Hospital Medicine, 34 (5), 273-&

Horrocks, M. (1986), The Surgical Prophylaxis of Stroke. British Journal of Hospital Medicine, 36 (1), 53-&

Wade, D.T. (1987), Who Looks After Stroke Patients. British Journal of Hospital Medicine, 37 (3), 200-&

Harrison, M.J.G. (1987), Surgery for Stroke. British Journal of Hospital Medicine, 37 (3), 206-&

Gader, A.M.A., Almashhadani, S.A. and Alharthy, S.S. (1990), Direct Activation of Platelets by Heat Is the Possible Trigger of the Coagulopathy of Heat-Stroke. British Journal of Haematology, 74 (1), 86-92

Livingston, M.G. (1990), Rehabilitation in Neuropsychiatry. British Journal of Hospital Medicine, 44 (6), 402-404.

Abstract: Patients with neuropsychiatric disorders may present with multiple functional deficits. A rehabilitation approach tends to focus on problems presented and involve multidisciplinary assessment and therapeutic programmes. Ideally the programme should be flexible and tailored to the needs of the individual and his or her family

Keywords: STROKE

Bucher, J., Smith, E. and Gillespie, C. (1984), Short-Term Group-Therapy for Stroke Patients in A Rehabilitation Center. British Journal of Medical Psychology, 57 (SEP), 283-290

Mclennan, F.M., Haites, N.E. and Rawles, J.M. (1987), Stroke and Minute Distance in Pregnancy - A Longitudinal-Study Using Doppler Ultrasound. British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 94 (6), 499-506

Rawles, J.M., Schneider, K.T.M., Huch, R. and Huch, A. (1987), The Effect of Position and Delay on Stroke and Minute Distance in Late Pregnancy. British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 94 (6), 507-511

Robinson, R.G., Starr, L.B. and Price, T.R. (1984), A 2 Year Longitudinal-Study of Mood Disorders Following Stroke - Prevalence and Duration at 6 Months Follow-Up. British Journal of Psychiatry, 144 (MAR), 256-262

Robinson, R.G., Bollawilson, K., Kaplan, E., Lipsey, J.R. and Price, T.R. (1986), Depression Influences Intellectual Impairment in Stroke Patients. British Journal of Psychiatry, 148 541-547

Ebrahim, S., Barer, D. and Nouri, F. (1987), Affective-Illness After Stroke. British Journal of Psychiatry, 151 52-56

Wade, D.T., Leghsmith, J. and Hewer, R.A. (1987), Depressed Mood After Stroke - A Community Study of Its Frequency. British Journal of Psychiatry, 151 200-205

Smith, F.W., Donald, R.T., Morris, A.J., Sharp, P.F. and Gemmell, H.G. (1988), The Study of Regional Cerebral Blood-Flow in Stroke Patients Using Technetium-99M Hmpao. British Journal of Radiology, 61 (725), 358-361

Takolander, R.J., Bergentz, S.E. and Ericsson, B.F. (1983), Carotid-Artery Surgery in Patients with Minor Stroke. British Journal of Surgery, 70 (1), 13-16

Smith, D.S., Goldenberg, E., Ashburn, A., Kinsella, G., Sheikh, K., Brennan, P.J., Meade, T.W., Zutshi, D.W., Perry, J.D. and Reeback, J.S. (1981), Remedial Therapy After Stroke - A Randomized Controlled Trial. British Medical Journal, 282 (6263), 517-520

Smith, R.G., Cruikshank, J.G., Dunbar, S. and Akhtar, A.J. (1982), Malalignment of the Shoulder After Stroke. British Medical Journal, 284 (6324), 1224-1226

Waters, H.J. and Perkin, J.M. (1982), Study of Stroke Patients in A Single General-Practice. British Medical Journal, 284 (6318), 791-793

Sandercock, P.A.G. (1983), Incidence of Stroke in Oxfordshire - 1St Years Experience of A Community Stroke Register. British Medical Journal, 287 (6394), 713-717

Fuller, J.H., Shipley, M.J., Rose, G., Jarrett, R.J. and Keen, H. (1983), Mortality from Coronary Heart-Disease and Stroke in Relation to Degree of Glycemia - the Whitehall Study. British Medical Journal, 287 (6396), 867-870

Tuomilehto, J., Nissinen, A., Wolf, E., Geboers, J., Piha, T. and Puska, P. (1985), Effectiveness of Treatment with Antihypertensive Drugs and Trends in Mortality from Stroke in the Community. British Medical Journal, 291 (6499), 857-861

Sandercock, P., Molyneux, A. and Warlow, C. (1985), Value of Computed-Tomography in Patients with Stroke - Oxfordshire-Community-Stroke-Project. British Medical Journal, 290 (6463), 193-197

Wilkins, M.R. and Kendall, M.J. (1985), Stroke Affecting Young Men After Alcoholic Binges. British Medical Journal, 291 (6505), 1342

Lindegard, B. and Langman, M.J.S. (1985), Marital State, Alcohol-Consumption, and Liability to Myocardial-Infarction, Stroke, Diabetes-Mellitus, Or Hypertension in Men from Gothenburg. British Medical Journal, 291 (6508), 1529-1533

Wright, A.J. (1985), An Unusual But Easily Treatable Cause of Dysphagia and Dysarthria Complicating Stroke. British Medical Journal, 291 (6506), 1412-1413

Gloag, D. (1985), Rehabilitation After Stroke .1. What Is the Potential. British Medical Journal, 290 (6469), 699-701

Gloag, D. (1985), Needs and Opportunities in Rehabilitation - Rehabilitation After Stroke .2. Language and Memory Training and the Requirements of Rehabilitation Services. British Medical Journal, 290 (6470), 768-771

Valori, R.M. and Leclerc, J. (1985), Lesson of the Week - Impacted Dentures Mimicking Brain-Stem Stroke in A Conscious Patient. British Medical Journal, 290 (6479), 1413-1414

Jansen, P.A.F., Gribnau, F.W.J., Schulte, B.P.M. and Poels, E.F.J. (1986), Contribution of Inappropriate Treatment for Hypertension to Pathogenesis of Stroke in the Elderly. British Medical Journal, 293 (6552), 914-917

Bamford, J., Sandercock, P., Warlow, C. and Gray, M. (1986), Why Are Patients with Acute Stroke Admitted to Hospital. British Medical Journal, 292 (6532), 1369-1372

Wade, D.T., Leghsmith, J. and Hewer, R.L. (1986), Effects of Living with and Looking After Survivors of A Stroke. British Medical Journal, 293 (6544), 418-420

Alfredsson, L., Vonarbin, M. and Defaire, U. (1986), Mortality from and Incidence of Stroke in Stockholm. British Medical Journal, 292 (6531), 1299-1303

Bonita, R. and Beaglehole, R. (1986), Does Treatment of Hypertension Explain the Decline in Mortality from Stroke. British Medical Journal, 292 (6514), 191-192

Bonita, R., Scragg, R., Stewart, A., Jackson, R. and Beaglehole, R. (1986), Cigarette-Smoking and Risk of Premature Stroke in Men and Women. British Medical Journal, 293 (6538), 6-8

Barker, D.J.P. and Osmond, C. (1987), Death Rates from Stroke in England and Wales Predicted from Past Maternal Mortality. British Medical Journal, 295 (6590), 83-86

Wender, D. (1987), Craziness and Visions - Experiences After A Stroke. British Medical Journal, 295 (6613), 1595-1597

Carnwath, T.C.M. and Johnson, D.A.W. (1987), Psychiatric Morbidity Among Spouses of Patients with Stroke. British Medical Journal, 294 (6569), 409-411

Koskenvuo, M., Kaprio, J., Telakivi, T., Partinen, M., Heikkila, K. and Sarna, S. (1987), Snoring As A Risk Factor for Ischemic-Heart-Disease and Stroke in Men. British Medical Journal, 294 (6563), 16-19

Gordon, C., Hewer, R.L. and Wade, D.T. (1987), Dysphagia in Acute Stroke. British Medical Journal, 295 (6595), 411-414

Peart, W.S. (1988), Stroke and Coronary Heart-Disease in Mild Hypertension - Risk- Factors and the Value of Treatment. British Medical Journal, 296 (6636), 1565-1570

Paganinihill, A., Ross, R.K. and Henderson, B.E. (1988), Postmenopausal Estrogen-Treatment and Stroke - A Prospective- Study. British Medical Journal, 297 (6647), 519-522

Koudstaal, P.J., Stibbe, J. and Vermeulen, M. (1988), Fatal Ischemic Brain Edema After Early Thrombolysis with Tissue Plasminogen-Activator in Acute Stroke. British Medical Journal, 297 (6663), 1571-1574

Barer, D.H., Cruickshank, J.M., Ebrahim, S.B. and Mitchell, J.R.A. (1988), Low-Dose Beta-Blockade in Acute Stroke (Best Trial) - An Evaluation. British Medical Journal, 296 (6624), 737-741

Lodder, J., Dennis, M.S., Vanraak, L., Jones, L.N. and Warlow, C.P. (1988), Cooperative Study on the Value of Long-Term Anticoagulation in Patients with Stroke and Non-Rheumatic Atrial-Fibrillation. British Medical Journal, 296 (6634), 1435-1438

House, A., Dennis, M., Molyneux, A., Warlow, C. and Hawton, K. (1989), Emotionalism After Stroke. British Medical Journal, 298 (6679), 991-994

Sandercock, P.A.G., Warlow, C.P., Jones, L.N. and Starkey, I.R. (1989), Predisposing Factors for Cerebral Infarction - the Oxfordshire Community Stroke Project. British Medical Journal, 298 (6666), 75-80

Shinton, R. and Beevers, G. (1989), Meta-Analysis of Relation Between Cigarette-Smoking and Stroke. British Medical Journal, 298 (6676), 789-794

Malmgren, R., Bamford, J., Warlow, C., Sandercock, P. and Slattery, J. (1989), Projecting the Number of Patients with 1St Ever Strokes and Patients Newly Handicapped by Stroke in England and Wales. British Medical Journal, 298 (6674), 656-660

Abzalov, R.A. and Sitdikova, R.R. (1985), Effect of Hypokinesia and Muscular Training on Stroke Volume Control Patterns in Rats. Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine, 100 (8), 1043-1045

Vasileva, E.M. (1990), Effect of Carbocyclin on Cardiac Atpase Activity in Normotensive and Stroke-Prone Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats. Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine, 109 (3), 288-291

Keywords: NEW-YORK

Wakuri, Y., Hamatake, T. and Soejima, M. (1982), Studies on the Load Carrying-Capacity of A Crosshead-Pin Bearing in A 2-Stroke Cycle Diesel-Engine. Bulletin of the Jsme-Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers, 25 (207), 1457-1464

Sato, K. and Kido, K. (1983), Simulation of the Gas-Exchange Process in A Small 2-Stroke Cycle Engine .1. Theoretical Treatment. Bulletin of the Jsme-Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers, 26 (217), 1178-1187

Murakami, Y. and Ishihara, S. (1983), The Case of An Air-Cooled 2-Stroke-Cycle Engine - Thermal Deformation of the Clearance Between Cylinder and Piston. Bulletin of the Jsme-Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers, 26 (221), 1914-1921

Sato, K. and Nakano, M. (1983), Simulation of the Gas-Exchange Process in A Small 2-Stroke Cycle Engine .2. Comparison Between Experimental and Theoretical Treatments. Bulletin of the Jsme-Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers, 26 (217), 1188-1197

Furuhama, S. and Kobayashi, Y. (1985), Scavenging Characteristics and Supercharging Effects of 2- Stroke Hydrogen Injection Engine. Bulletin of the Jsme-Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers, 28 (240), 1173-1180

Enomoto, Y., Furuhama, S. and Minakami, K. (1985), Heat-Loss to Combustion-Chamber Wall of 4-Stroke Gasoline- Engine - (1St Report, Heat-Loss to Piston and Cylinder). Bulletin of the Jsme-Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers, 28 (238), 647-655

Wakisaka, T., Shimamoto, Y., Isshiki, Y. and Shibata, T. (1986), Numerical-Simulation of Gas-Flows in the Cylinders of 4-Stroke Cycle Engines .1. Analysis of the Process of Swirl Generation During Intake Stroke. Bulletin of the Jsme-Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers, 29 (258), 4276-4284

Enomoto, Y. and Furuhama, S. (1986), Heat-Loss Into Combustion-Chamber Wall of 4-Stroke Gasoline- Engine .2. Heat-Loss Into Cylinder Head, Intake and Exhaust Valves. Bulletin of the Jsme-Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers, 29 (253), 2196-2203

Ishida, K. and Yamada, T. (1986), Analysis of This Engine and Numerical Computation .1. Research on 2-Stroke Cycle Single Cylinder Vibrationless Reciprocating- Engine Chain Saw Utilizing An Internal Gearing System. Bulletin of the Jsme-Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers, 29 (257), 3846-3853

Ishida, K. and Yamada, T. (1986), Trial Manufacture and Experiments .2. Researches on A 2-Stroke Cycle Single Cylinder Vibrationless Reciprocating-Engine Chain Saw Utilizing An Internal Gearing System. Bulletin of the Jsme-Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers, 29 (257), 3854-3860

Solomon, S. (1986), Recent Developments in the Diagnosis and Management of Stroke. Bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine, 62 (3), 250-261

Vardy, D.A., Khoury, M., Benmeir, P., Benyakar, Y. and Shoenfeld, Y. (1989), Full Skin Thickness Burns Caused by Contact with the Pavement in A Heat-Stroke Victim. Burns, 15 (2), 115-116

Grehan, R. (1990), Stroke-Character Graphics. Byte, 15 (1), 351-&

Caseby, N.G. (1983), Postpartum Stroke Successfully Treated with High-Dose Pentobarbital Therapy - A Case-Report. Canadian Anaesthetists Society Journal, 30 (1), 77-83

Collins, D. (1981), Rehabilitation of the Elderly Stroke Patient. Canadian Family Physician, 27 (OCT), 1595-1597

Mccormick, C.W. (1983), Recognition and Management of Threatened Stroke. Canadian Family Physician, 29 (JAN), 79-83

Hajek, V.E. and Mccann, T.J. (1985), Rehabilitation of Stroke Patients in A Day Hospital. Canadian Family Physician, 31 (AUG), 1501-1503

Devlin, M., Tepperman, P. and Soric, R. (1985), Stroke Rehabilitation - Would Your Patient Benefit. Canadian Family Physician, 31 (AUG), 1497-1499

Lo, R.C. (1986), Recovery and Rehabilitation After Stroke. Canadian Family Physician, 32 1851-1853

Clifford, J.C. (1986), Managing Disability from Stroke. Canadian Family Physician, 32 605-&

Graham, A.F. (1987), The Heart-And-Stroke-Foundation-Of-Ontario. Canadian Family Physician, 33 1007-1010

Varughese, J. (1989), Aspirin in Heart-Disease, Transient Ischemic Attacks, and Stroke. Canadian Family Physician, 35 2083-2085

Martin, W.R.W. and Hashimoto, S.A. (1982), Stroke in Coronary-Bypass Surgery. Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences, 9 (1), 21-26

Spencer, J.A. and Czarnecki, J.S.C. (1983), The Pupil in Stroke. Canadian Journal of Ophthalmology-Journal Canadien D Ophtalmologie, 18 (5), 226-227

Tobian, L. (1986), High Potassium Diets Markedly Protect Against Stroke Deaths and Kidney-Disease in Hypertensive Rats, A Possible Legacy from Prehistoric Times. Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology, 64 (6), 840-848

Cote, R., Battista, R.N., Wolfson, C.M. and Hachinski, V. (1988), Stroke Assessment Scales - Guidelines for Development, Validation, and Reliability Assessment. Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences, 15 (3), 261-265

Voll, C.L., Chetty, N. and Atkinson, P. (1989), Platelet Aggregability in Sleep-Related Stroke. Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences, 16 (1), 71-77

Phillips, S.J., Maloney, W.J. and Gray, J. (1989), Pure Motor Stroke Due to Vertebral Artery Dissection. Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences, 16 (3), 348-351

Rees, M., Haennel, R.G., Black, W.R. and Kappagoda, T. (1990), Effect of Rate-Adapting Atrioventricular Delay on Stroke Volume and Cardiac-Output During Atrial Synchronous Pacing. Canadian Journal of Cardiology, 6 (10), 445-452.

Abstract: The need to adjust atrioventricular delay relative to pacing rate in atrial synchronous pacemakers was assessed in eight subjects treated for complete heart block (mean age 61 +/- 3.4 years). First, an inverse relationship between heart rate and PR interval was confirmed in two groups of healthy subjects and one group of patients recovering from myocardial infarction. Due to the limitations of the available pacemakers this relationship could not be precisely reproduced. Subjects with pacemakers performed an initial exercise test on a bicycle ergometer to determine heart rate response; this information was used in part 2 to program atrioventricular delay relative to heart rate. During a second exercise test, a rate-adapting atrioventricular delay was compared to a constant atrioventricular delay of 200 ms at matched heart rates. Cardiac output was measured noninvasively by impedance cardiography. The results of part 1 showed an abnormal pattern in the response of stroke volume to exercise in seven subjects. Part 2 results demonstrated no significant difference (P > 0.05) between a rate-adapting atrioventricular delay and a constant delay of 200 ms for heart rate, stroke volume, cardiac output, blood pressure or Borg scale. A trend towards increased stroke volume with a rate-adapting atrioventricular delay was observed. Stroke volume was 13% larger with a rate- adapting atrioventricular delay of 125 ms at a heart rate of 125 beats/min. These results suggest that subjects with atrial synchronous pacemakers have a variable stroke volume response to exercise. It appears that in these subjects the ability to increase heart rate is the key factor for raising cardiac output during exercise

Keywords: CANADA/CARDIAC OUTPUT/EXERCISE/PACEMAKERS

Kolb, B. (1990), Recovery from Occipital Stroke - A Self-Report and An Inquiry Into Visual Processes. Canadian Journal of Psychology-Revue Canadienne de Psychologie, 44 (2), 130-147

Phillips, S.J. (1990), Is Atrial-Fibrillation An Independent Risk Factor for Stroke. Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences, 17 (2), 163-168

Barnett, H.J.M. (1990), Stroke in Women. Canadian Journal of Cardiology, 6 B11-B17

Stadnyk, A.N. and Glezos, J.D. (1983), Drug-Induced Heat-Stroke. Canadian Medical Association Journal, 128 (8), 957-959

Geeraert, A.J. and Alsaigh, A.H. (1987), Spontaneous Dissection of the Carotid-Artery - An Unusual Cause of Stroke in Younger Patients. Canadian Medical Association Journal, 136 (1), 51-53

Mirsen, T.R. and Hachinski, V.C. (1988), Transient Ischemic Attacks and Stroke. Canadian Medical Association Journal, 138 (12), 1099-1105

Sherman, R., Copes, R., Stewart, R.K., Dowling, G. and Guidotti, T.L. (1989), Occupational Death Due to Heat-Stroke - Report of 2 Cases. Canadian Medical Association Journal, 140 (9), 1057-1058

Tuomilehto, J., Geboers, J., Joossens, J.V. and Wolf, E. (1987), Trends in Stroke and Stomach-Cancer in Austria Compared to Selected Eastern and Western European-Countries. Cancer Detection and Prevention , 10 (3-4), 311-319

Chia, B.L. (1981), Electrocardiographic Abnormalities and Congestive Cardiac- Failure Due to Lightning-Stroke. Cardiology, 68 (1), 49-53

Rossi, A. and Ziacchi, V. (1990), Hemodynamic-Effects of Slow-Release Nifedipine in Severe Congestive-Heart-Failure Due to Ischemic-Heart-Disease. Cardiology, 77 (6), 450-458.

Abstract: Haemodynamic effects of nifedipine (NIF) tablets were studied for 12 h in 10 patients with severe congestive heart failure due to ischaemic heart disease. A significant reduction (p < 0.001) in systemic and pulmonary vascular resistances and pulmonary capillary wedge pressure, was observed, at rest and after hand grip exercise, while cardiac index and stroke volume index increased significantly (p < 0.001). Reductions in systolic and diastolic blood pressure and increases in heart rate were hardly significant. Variations were found between 8 and 10 h (confidence interval). The maximum NIF plasma concentration was 33.3 +/- 27.2 ng/ml after 6 h. The improvement in cardiac performance produced by NIF tablets was of substantial duration with twice-daily administration

Keywords: ATHEROSCLEROSIS/CALCIUM- ANTAGONISTS/CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE/CORONARY-ARTERY DISEASE/DILATED CARDIOMYOPATHY/DYNAMICS/EXERCISE/HEMODYNAMIC EFFECTS/HEMODYNAMICS/LEFT-VENTRICULAR FUNCTION/MITRAL REGURGITATION/NIFEDIPINE/SLOW-RELEASE/SWITZERLAND/VASODILATORS

Wong, M.C.W., Giuliani, M.J. and Haley, E.C. (1990), Cerebrovascular-Disease and Stroke in Women. Cardiology, 77 80-90

Keywords: SWITZERLAND

Pan, G. and Wright, K.C. (1987), Clot Embolic Stroke in the Vertebrobasilar System of Rabbits - A Trans-Femoral Angiographic Technique. Cardiovascular and Interventional Radiology, 10 (5), 285-290

Scognamiglio, R. and Fasoli, G. (1990), Effects of Nifedipine on Left-Ventricular Diastolic Dysfunction After Myocardial-Infarction. Cardiovascular Drugs and Therapy, 4 923-928.

Abstract: In order to assess the effects of nifedipine on left ventricular diastolic abnormalities, 26 patients (mean age 52 year, range 42-66) were studied 10 days after a first myocardial infarction, at rest and during handgrip by Doppler examination. The time-velocity integral for the rapid (E) and atrial (A) filling phases and the E/A ration were used; stroke volume was calculated as the aortic time-velocity integral times the cross-sectional valvular area. Twenty age-matched normal subjects constituted the controls. Twenty-one patients had a reversal of the early to late diastolic filling pattern; five patients had a restrictive pattern. Nifedipine normalized left ventricular filling in patients with a reverse pattern, both at rest and during handgrip. Moreover, these patients showed a descending left ventricular function curve by relating at rest and handgrip values of cardiac index and the E/A ratio. After nifedipine, these study patients showed an ascending left ventricular curve, similar to that of normal subjects, with an increase in cardiac index and a slight decrease in the E/R ratio. No beneficial effects were detectable in patients with a restrictive pattern of left ventricular filling

Keywords: DIASTOLIC FUNCTION/DOPPLER ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY/DRUG/DRUG THERAPY/NETHERLANDS/NIFEDIPINE/THERAPY

Natale, E., Ricci, R. and Milazzotto, F. (1990), Effects of Acute Administration of Gallopamil on Left- Ventricular Relaxation and Filling Dynamics in Acute Myocardial-Infarction Assessed by Doppler Echocardiography. Cardiovascular Drugs and Therapy,