Representation of human qualities in the image of animals in Uzbek and English proverbs and sayings

Annotation: No matter what language, no matter what nation, we can see similarities and significant differences between them. The similarities are that the issue of upbringing is very similar, regardless of religion or nationality. Upbringing is almost the same in every family. But the differences in religions, the differences in the will of the nation, make a difference. This article discusses the similarities between Uzbek and English proverbs and parables and the involvement of animals in them.

Аннотация: Независимо от того, на каком языке, какой нации, мы можем видеть сходство и существенные различия между ними. Сходство в том, что вопрос воспитания очень похож, вне зависимости от вероисповедания и национальности. Воспитание в каждой семье практически одинаковое. Но различия в религиях, различия в воле народа имеют значение. В этой статье обсуждается сходство между узбекскими и английскими пословицами и притчами и участие в них животных.

Kalit so’zlar: maqol, matal, Gulxaniy asarlari, Zarbulmasal.

Proverb - a genre of folklore; short and succinct, figurative, grammatically and logically complete, wise phrase, genre with deep meaning. It has a certain rhythmic shape. The proverbs reflect the life experiences of the ancestors, their attitude to society, history, mood, ethical and aesthetic feelings, and positive qualities. Over the centuries, it has been polished among the people and has taken a concise and simple poetic form. Such layers of art, which demonstrate and are able to demonstrate the beauty of each of our languages, the subtlety of our speech, the intellect and the logic of our thinking with astonishing power, are a vivid mirror of our people's centuries-old life experiences and way of life. In this artistic mirror, his attitude to life, nature, man, family and society, his socio-political, spiritual-enlightenment, moral-aesthetic and philosophical views, in short, he and himself, were fully reflected. This is why proverbs are so widely used and have been and continue to be used for centuries in lively conversation and interpersonal communication, in artistic, historical and scientific works, and in political and journalistic literature. From year to year, from time to time, new ones are created, and the range of meanings of the old ones, which exist in living communication and language, has expanded or narrowed. Even some of them have been forgotten. While proverbs express centuries-old life experiences, the conclusion of constant daily observations in a polarized way as a complete thought, they are dominated by the diversity of meaning of each word, the stability of expressions, the stability of form. But depending on the place of application, their scope of meaning is constantly expanding. That is why every word in the article needs special attention. They have words that have historically had completely different meanings. In addition, each nation has its own religious beliefs, way of life, culture, worldview, which are partially reflected in the articles studied in folklore. One of the factors that reflects the culture of the nation, the identity of the people, the national values, is the oral art of the people, which is unique to this nation. Proverbs, which are unique genres and masterpieces of folklore, one of the most important genres of folklore, is one of the most important topics studied in linguistics and folklore. The study of proverbs, one of the most important genres of folklore, and folk art in general, is of great importance today. Folklore scholars have been organizing expeditions to proverbs in remote villages of their countries for centuries and have been collecting unique proverbs from the vernacular on various topics from year to year. Proverbs are examples of the wisdom of the peoples of the world accumulated over the years. Proverbs have been used by people to respect the concepts of education, at the expense of the most important wealth left by their ancestors. Proverbs of nations that usually share the same language and culture are also closely related. The Bible, also known as the Book of Proverbs, played an important role in the spread of folklore and proverbs in England and throughout Western Europe. The book is a collection of English folk sayings quoted by ancient ancestors. Many British scholars have commented on the article as follows. The famous English folklorist, Professor Mayder, interprets the proverb as follows:

“Proverbs are used in a wide range of situations and no limits to the use of the proverb. They can be used to: “strengthen our arguments, express certain generalizations, influence or manipulate other people, rationalize our own shortcomings, question certain behavioral patterns, satirize social ills, poke fun at ridiculous situations”.

No matter what language, no matter what nation, we can see similarities and significant differences between them. The similarities are that the issue of upbringing is very similar, regardless of religion or nationality. Upbringing is almost the same in every family. But the differences in religions, the differences in the will of the nation, make a difference.

"Zarbulmasal" is a sharp comedy with a perfect meaning, written in the analysis of folk tales. In this work, Gulkhani skillfully used the proverbs, wise sayings and quotes of the people. He sneers at the rulers and their laganbardars, at the wicked deeds of the courtiers. Because he saw with his own eyes the hard life of the working people, he saw that the feasts of the palace, the relentless drunkenness, were at the expense of plundering the people, and such negative deeds opened his eyes. As a result, his hatred for the courtiers grew. However, according to the circumstances, the poet could not openly express his dissatisfaction and hatred of the ruling circles. Therefore, he began to write a figurative work "Zarbulmasal". In the play, the poet's purpose, his attitude to life, his environment, and the ruling classes is not directly expressed, but through the depiction of animals, birds, and other figurative images. In this way, the poet described the specific events of his time, his attitude to them.

In his parables, the author uses metaphors to expose members of the ruling class of the time, and to express public dissatisfaction with the civil wars that wreaked havoc on the country and impoverished the people.

Gulkhani could not openly write about the looting, torture and excessive taxation of his time. He understood that this could only be done through fairy tales. That's why the Butterfly and the Owl are engaged to each other. These two couples ruin the country under the pretext of marriage. The author reveals the ideological content of the work through the parables and stories told to each other by Korkush, Hudhud, Kulonkirsultan, Shoranul, Malik Shah and Kordon.

Butterflies and owls are the upper class. They behave like greedy and bloodthirsty wolves, deceitful and satanic foxes. Their thoughts, their behavior, their evil, the destruction of towns and villages are a holiday for them.

In the parable of the Monkey and the Najjar, Gulkhani glorifies the craft and the people of the craft.

Najjar is described as a very clever and skilled craftsman. He puts socially useful work above all else. Gulkhani describes Najjar and his work, his carpentry skills, with great love, and even the monkey says that he loves work and that he is interested in the craft and the owner of the craft.

The hard life, lawlessness and helplessness of the working people, in a word, the tragic fate of the camel, are presented in a unique artistic way.

According to Gulkhani, the camel is a metaphor for the oppressed, the captive, the involuntary, the hard-working, and the enslaved. Botalak is a symbol of hard-working children who could not get enough of their mother's milk, lived a hard life, lived in hunger and poverty.

In Gulkhani's parable "The Turtle and the Scorpion" there are two contradictory and contradictory symbols: When he learns that his companion Scorpio cannot cross the water, he lends a helping hand. But when the Turtle heard Scorpio's betrayal, "Don't you know that Scorpio's goal is to stab a friend in the chest or the enemy in the back," he killed him. Through this parable, Gulkhani urges us not to be friends and associates with people like Scorpio, and not to entrust ourselves and our destiny to such people.

The scorpion is a symbol of traitors who have done harm to others throughout their lives, who have harmed them, who do not know good, who return evil for good, and who are traitors.

In conclusion I can would like to emphasize that the study of proverbs and sayings which reflect national characteristics of country`s people of the learning language helps to:
-increase motivation to learn a foreign language;
-remove national barriers;
-to facilitate the entry into the space of the culture, understand its values and ideals.
During classification and comparative analysis of the images of animals in English and Uzbek proverbs and parables causes of the similarities and differences in the images of animals have been identified. Among the main reasons for the differences between English and Uzbek Proverbs and parables can be identified such as the lack of language similarities, especially the historical development of countries, the uniqueness of the traditions, manners, customs, mentality and character of the English and Uzbek; flora and fauna, ancient religious beliefs.
Despite the fact that the English and Uzbek languages belong to different groups, no close contacts between our nations and each country went his own way of historical development many folk sayings fully or partially overlap in meaning. This is how the axioms reflect the views of images of animals from human values.

The list of literature:

1.http://medianet.yartel.ru/koshkicenter/images/stories/MOteacher/inostrannyyazuk/markelov.pdf

2.Стефанович Г.А. Английский язык в пословицах и поговорках М.,Просвещение,1987

3. Gulxaniy “ Zarbulmasal”