Research on the Performance of the Manufacturing Sector


Imports and exports in the manufacturing sector



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Imports and exports in the manufacturing sector


Table shows the import and export activity in the SA manufacturing sector and the ratio of imports to exports for 2010. It is important to see what sectors are major net importers, major net exporters or are importing sectors. Some sectors also import large amounts, add some value and export large amounts. SMMEs can perform an important role in either supporting strong export driven sectors or can produce products to substitute imported products, if this can be done more competitively and at a better quality.

Non-ferrous metal, motor vehicles and iron and steel products show the largest portion of exports at R52.7 billion (16.9% of total manufacturing exports), R44.9 billion (14.4%) and R43.3 billion (or 13.9% of total manufacturing exports) respectively. Basic chemicals at R27 billion (9% of total manufacturing exports) also contributed largely to export earnings.

Looking at imports, motor vehicles and parts at R77.7 billion (or 14.7% of total manufacturing imports), special machinery (R40 billion or 7.7% of total manufacturing imports) and radio and televisions (at R40 billion or 7.1% of total manufacturing imports) contributed the most to imports. Other important import sectors are non-ferrous metal (R30.49 billion) petroleum products (R28 billion) and basic chemicals at R24.9 billion.

Looking at exports as a percentage of total supply in the manufacturing industry, non-ferrous metals (61.4%), jewellery (53.9%) and general machinery (52.8%) shows large percentages. Bakery products (0.7%), tobacco products (0.8%) and footwear (0.8%) shows the lowest export percentages (as a percentage of total industry supply at purchases prices) in 2010.

Office machinery (80.4%), aircrafts (75.3%), radio and televisions (62.4%) and engines and turbines (61.8%) shows the largest percentages of imported products as a percentage of total supply at purchases prices in 2010. Articles of concrete (0.6%), tobacco products (0.7%), bakery products (0.8%) and soft drinks (1.4%), show the lowest percentages of imports as a percentage of total supply at purchases prices.

Looking at the ratio of imports to exports, footwear (at 40), wearing apparel (34.8), non-structural ceramic (18.7) and domestic appliances (16.6) shows the highest ratios (a ratio for example of 40 would imply that you import 40 times as much of the product as what you export). Sectors showing low ratios include fruit and nuts (0.2), fish (0.3), alcohol and beverages (0.3), jewellery (0.3) and iron and steel products (0.3).



Table : Exports and Imports in the manufacturing sector (2010)




Total supply at purchasers prices (R million)

Exports (R million)

Exports (X) as a % of total supply

Imports (R million)

Imports (M) as a % of total supply

M/X ratio

Meat

46 151

670

1.5%

2 283

4.9%

3.4

Fish

15 273

2 934

19.2%

920

6.0%

0.3

Vegetables

8 752

265

3.0%

691

7.9%

2.6

Fruit and nuts

13 811

3 447

25.0%

661

4.8%

0.2

Oils and fats

23 320

1 302

5.6%

9 164

39.3%

7.0

Dairy products

40 699

291

0.7%

854

2.1%

2.9

Grain mill products

51 947

503

1.0%

1 367

2.6%

2.7

Starches products

11 633

173

1.5%

691

5.9%

4.0

Animal feeding

20 233

206

1.0%

487

2.4%

2.4

Bakery products

35 916

107

0.3%

297

0.8%

2.8

Sugar

16 160

578

3.6%

387

2.4%

0.7

Confectionary products

5 587

532

9.5%

985

17.6%

1.9

Pasta products

1 251

32

2.5%

161

12.9%

5.1

Food n.e.c.

22 942

1 430

6.2%

2 189

9.5%

1.5

Alcohol, beverages

76 964

5 543

7.2%

1 426

1.9%

0.3

Soft drinks

21 423

164

0.8%

297

1.4%

1.8

Tobacco products

40 018

772

1.9%

292

0.7%

0.4

Textile fabrics

17 281

763

4.4%

2 930

17.0%

3.8

Made-up textile, articles

16 467

534

3.2%

1 578

9.6%

3.0

Carpets

3 062

223

7.3%

328

10.7%

1.5

Textile n.e.c.

8 053

464

5.8%

1 641

20.4%

3.5

Knitting fabrics

3 915

74

1.9%

527

13.5%

7.1

Wearing apparel

55 360

577

1.0%

20 074

36.3%

34.8

Leather products

10 145

913

9.0%

1 833

18.1%

2.0

Footwear

17 528

145

0.8%

5 873

33.5%

40.6

Wood products

38 703

2 760

7.1%

3 175

8.2%

1.2

Paper products

80 285

8 588

10.7%

6 809

8.5%

0.8

Printing

41 530

535

1.3%

2 210

5.3%

4.1

Petroleum products

208 907

10 967

5.2%

28 115

13.5%

2.6

Basic chemicals

95 855

27 958

29.2%

24 991

26.1%

0.9

Fertilizers, pesticides

33 389

3 585

10.7%

7 058

21.1%

2.0

Paint, related products

32 449

1 311

4.0%

2 745

8.5%

2.1

Pharmaceutical products

46 677

985

2.1%

12 940

27.7%

13.1

Soap, cleaning, perfume

41 997

2 312

5.5%

2 952

7.0%

1.3

Chemical products, n.e.c.

34 543

4 076

11.8%

8 316

24.1%

2.0

Rubber tyres

18 799

1 632

8.7%

4 364

23.2%

2.7

Other rubber products

9 274

588

6.3%

2 347

25.3%

4.0

Plastic products

56 077

2 329

4.2%

6 396

11.4%

2.7

Glass products

13 363

687

5.1%

1 692

12.7%

2.5

Non-structural ceramic

5 002

67

1.3%

1 254

25.1%

18.7

Structure non-refractory clay

14 077

437

3.1%

2 343

16.6%

5.4

Plaster, cement

15 439

265

1.7%

439

2.8%

1.7

Articles of concrete

14 392

227

1.6%

90

0.6%

0.4

Non-metallic products n.e.c.

14 895

1 015

6.8%

1 869

12.5%

1.8

Furniture

25 725

3 575

13.9%

3 642

14.2%

1.0

Jewellery

11 519

6 209

53.9%

1 618

14.0%

0.3

Manufactured products n.e.c.

12 856

1 158

9.0%

5 735

44.6%

5.0

Wastes, scraps

19 299

5 945

30.8%

2 932

15.2%

0.5

Iron, steel products

131 338

43 334

33.0%

11 391

8.7%

0.3

Non-ferrous metals

85 881

52 711

61.4%

30 490

35.5%

0.6

Structural metal products

26 705

3 771

14.1%

3 800

14.2%

1.0

Tanks, reservoirs

4 852

279

5.8%

868

17.9%

3.1

Other fabricated metal

59 441

5 804

9.8%

11 214

18.9%

1.9

Engines, turbines

19 285

7 355

38.1%

11 923

61.8%

1.6

Pumps, compressors

15 151

2 512

16.6%

7 486

49.4%

3.0

Bearings, gears

8 961

1 330

14.8%

4 171

46.5%

3.1

Lifting equipment

9 820

1 228

12.5%

4 277

43.6%

3.5

General machinery

21 216

11 195

52.8%

9 907

46.7%

0.9

Special machinery

74 895

8 812

11.8%

40 803

54.5%

4.6

Domestic appliances

19 569

634

3.2%

10 541

53.9%

16.6

Office machinery

30 209

2 639

8.7%

24 291

80.4%

9.2

Electrical machinery

70 079

5 681

8.1%

18 357

26.2%

3.2

Radio, television

60 468

2 457

4.1%

37 747

62.4%

15.4

Medical appliances

29 028

2 494

8.6%

17 397

59.9%

7.0

Motor vehicles, parts

282 708

44 931

15.9%

77 771

27.5%

1.7

Ships and boats

3 929

834

21.2%

2 333

59.4%

2.8

Railway and trams

3 094

315

10.2%

813

26.3%

2.6

Aircrafts

12 716

2 983

23.5%

9 570

75.3%

3.2

Other transport equipment

5 072

139

2.7%

1 977

39.0%

14.2

Source: Stats SA

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