Resolution resolved: The United States federal government should substantially curtail its domestic surveillance. Violations

DEFINITIONS

CURTAIL

CURTAIL MEANS REDUCE OR LIMIT

Curtail means reduce or limit

Merriam-Webster 15 © 2015 Merriam-Webster, Incorporated http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/curtail

Curtail verb cur·tail \(ˌ)kər-ˈtāl\

: to reduce or limit (something)

Full Definition of CURTAIL

transitive verb

: to make less by or as if by cutting off or away some part

Curtail is to reduce or limit

Cambridge 15 (Definition of curtail from the Cambridge Academic Content Dictionary © Cambridge University Press) http://dictionary.cambridge.org/us/dictionary/american-english/curtail

Curtail verb [T] us /kərˈteɪl/

› to reduce or limit something, or to stop something before it is finished: He had to curtail his speech when time ran out.

Curtail means reduce or limit something

Macmillan 15 Macmillan Dictionary 2015 http://www.macmillandictionary.com/us/dictionary/american/curtail

curtail - definition and synonyms

Using the thesaurus

verb [transitive] formal curtail pronunciation in American English /kɜrˈteɪl/Word Forms

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to reduce or limit something, especially something good

a government attempt to curtail debate

Synonyms and related words

To limit or control something or someone:draw a line in the sand, limit, control...

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Synonyms and related words

To reduce something:salami-slice, top-slice, cut back...

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CURTAIL MEANS DECREASE

Curtail means decrease

Burton's 7 Burton's Legal Thesaurus, 4E. Copyright © 2007 by William C. Burton. Used with permission of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. http://legal-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/curtail

curtail verb abate, abbreviate, abridge, clip, coartare, cut, cut down, cut short, decrease, diminish, halt, lessen, lop, make smaller, minuere, pare, pare down, retrench, shorten, subtract, trim See also: abate, abridge, allay, arrest, attenuate, bowdlerize, commute, condense, decrease, diminish, discount, lessen, minimize, palliate, reduce, restrain, retrench, stop

CURTAIL MEANS CUT SHORT OR REDUCE

Curtail means cut short or reduce

Webster's 10 Webster's New World College Dictionary Copyright © 2010 by Wiley Publishing, Inc., Cleveland, Ohio. Used by arrangement with John Wiley & Sons, Inc. http://www.yourdictionary.com/curtail#websters

Curtail transitive verb

to cut short; reduce; abridge

curtail is to cut short or reduce

American Heritage 13 The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, 5th edition Copyright © 2013 by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. All rights reserved. http://www.yourdictionary.com/curtail#websters

curtail transitive verb cur·tailed, cur·tail·ing, cur·tails

To cut short or reduce: We curtailed our conversation when other people entered the room. See Synonyms at shorten.

Curtail means cut short or abridge

Collins 12 Collins English Dictionary - Complete & Unabridged 2012 Digital Edition © William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd. 1979, 1986 © HarperCollins Publishers 1998, 2000, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2012 Cite This Source http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/curtail?s=t

Curtail /kɜːˈteɪl/ verb

1. (transitive) to cut short; abridge

Curtail means shorten or abridge

WordSense 15 2015 WordSense.eu Dictionary http://www.wordsense.eu/curtail/

curtail (English)

Verb

curtail (third-person singular simple present curtails, present participle curtailing, simple past and past participle curtailed) transitive

obsolete - To cut short the tail of an animal

Curtailing horses procured long horse-hair.

To shorten or abridge the duration of something; to truncate.

When the audience grew restless, the speaker curtailed her speech.

figuratively - To limit or restrict, keep in check.

Their efforts to curtail spending didn't quite succeed.

CURTAIL MEANS CUT OFF PART

Curtail can mean to cut off part

Random House 15 Dictionary.com Unabridged Based on the Random House Dictionary, © Random House, Inc. 2015. Cite This Source http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/curtail?s=t

curtail1

[ker-teyl]

verb (used with object)

1. to cut short; cut off a part of; abridge; reduce; diminish.

Curtail is to make less by cutting away part

Merriam-Webster 15 © 2015 Merriam-Webster, Incorporated http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/curtail

Curtail verb cur·tail \(ˌ)kər-ˈtāl\

: to reduce or limit (something)

Full Definition of CURTAIL

transitive verb

: to make less by or as if by cutting off or away some part

CURTAILS CAN MEAN STOP

Curtail includes stopping

YourDictionary 15 YourDictionary definition and usage example. Copyright © 2015 by LoveToKnow Corp

http://www.yourdictionary.com/curtail#websters

curtail [kər tāl′] verb

To curtail is defined as to restrict something, stop something or deprive of something.

An example of curtail is when a town wants to stop drunk driving.

Curtail can mean stop entirely

Vocabulary,com 15 2015 Vocabulary.com http://www.vocabulary.com/dictionary/curtail

curtail

To curtail something is to slow it down, put restrictions on it, or stop it entirely. If I give up cake, I am curtailing my cake-eating.

Curtail is an official-sounding word for stopping or slowing things down. The police try to curtail crime — they want there to be less crime in the world. A company may want to curtail their employees' computer time, so they spend more time working and less time goofing around. Teachers try to curtail whispering and note-passing in class. When something is curtailed, it's either stopped entirely or stopped quite a bit — it's cut short.

Curtail can mean halt or stop

Burton's 7 Burton's Legal Thesaurus, 4E. Copyright © 2007 by William C. Burton. Used with permission of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. http://legal-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/curtail

curtail verb abate, abbreviate, abridge, clip, coartare, cut, cut down, cut short, decrease, diminish, halt, lessen, lop, make smaller, minuere, pare, pare down, retrench, shorten, subtract, trim See also: abate, abridge, allay, arrest, attenuate, bowdlerize, commute, condense, decrease, diminish, discount, lessen, minimize, palliate, reduce, restrain, retrench, stop

Curtail can mean terminate

WordNet 12 Based on WordNet 3.0, Farlex clipart collection. © 2003-2012 Princeton University, Farlex Inc.

http://www.thefreedictionary.com/curtail

Verb 1. curtail - place restrictions on; "curtail drinking in school"

restrict, curb, cut back

circumscribe, confine, limit - restrict or confine, "I limit you to two visits to the pub a day"

abridge - lessen, diminish, or curtail; "the new law might abridge our freedom of expression"

immobilise, immobilize - cause to be unable to move; "The sudden storm immobilized the traffic"

2. curtail - terminate or abbreviate before its intended or proper end or its full extent; "My speech was cut short"; "Personal freedom is curtailed in many countries"

cut short, clip

shorten - make shorter than originally intended; reduce or retrench in length or duration; "He shortened his trip due to illness"

curtail means stopping something

Cambridge 15 (Definition of curtail from the Cambridge Academic Content Dictionary © Cambridge University Press) http://dictionary.cambridge.org/us/dictionary/american-english/curtail

Curtail verb [T] us /kərˈteɪl/

› to reduce or limit something, or to stop something before it is finished: He had to curtail his speech when time ran out.

CURTAIL DOES NOT MEAN ABOLISH OR ELIMINATE

Curtail does not include abolish

Goldberg 83 Steven Goldberg, Associate Professor of Law, Georgetown University Law Center;

Washington Law Review APRIL, 1983 58 Wash. L. Rev. 343 SYMPOSIUM ON ENERGY ISSUES IN THE PACIFIC NORTHWEST: UNCONSCIONABILITY IN A COMMERCIAL SETTING: THE ASSESSMENT OF RISK IN A CONTRACT TO BUILD NUCLEAR REACTORS. lexis

Indeed, thorough interpretation will require a court to examine the hell-or-high-water clause carefully in the context of the entire contract. The clause does not, for example, speak of "termination" of the projects even though that term is used elsewhere in the agreement. n11 Indeed, the clause, rather than speaking of "termination" or "cancellation," speaks only of "reduction or curtailment . . . in whole or in part." n12 These words might cover the ending of the projects, but it is worth noting that as basic a source as Black's Law Dictionary defines curtail as "to shorten, abridge, diminish, lessen, or reduce; and . . . has no such meaning as abolish." n13

Curtail does not mean abolish

O'Niell 45 O'Niell, Chief Justice. OPINION BY: O'NIELL STATE v. EDWARDS No. 37719

Supreme Court of Louisiana 207 La. 506; 21 So. 2d 624; 1945 La. LEXIS 783 February 19, 1945 lexis

The argument for the prosecution is that the ordinance abolished the three open seasons, namely, the open season from October 1, 1943, to January 15, [*511] 1944, and the open season from October 1, 1944, to January 15, 1945, and the open season from October 1, 1945, to January 15, 1946; and that, in that way, the ordinance suspended altogether the right to hunt wild deer, bear or squirrels for the [***6] period of three years. The ordinance does not read that way, or convey any such meaning. According to Webster's New International Dictionary, 2 Ed., unabridged, the word "curtail" means "to cut off the end, or any part, of; hence to shorten; abridge; diminish; lessen; reduce." The word "abolish" or the word "suspend" is not given in the dictionaries as one of the definitions of the word "curtail". In fact, in common parlance, or in law composition, the word "curtail" has no such meaning as "abolish". The ordinance declares that the three open seasons which are thereby declared curtailed are the open season of 1943-1944, -- meaning from October 1, 1943, to January 15, 1944; and the open season 1944-1945, -- meaning from October 1, 1944, to January 15, 1945; and the open season 1945-1946, -- meaning from October 1, 1945, to January 15, 1946. To declare that these three open seasons, 1943-1944, 1944-1945, and 1945-1946, "are hereby curtailed", without indicating how, or the extent to which, they are "curtailed", means nothing.

Curtail does not mean terminate

Clark 49 CLARK, Circuit Judge (dissenting). COMMISSION OF DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC UTILITIES OF COMMONWEALTH OF MASSACHUSETTS v. NEW YORK, N.H. & H.R. CO. No. 40, Docket 21392

UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE SECOND CIRCUIT 178 F.2d 559; 1949 U.S. App. LEXIS 3864 November 10, 1949, Argued December 13, 1949, Decided lexis

When these provisions are read in the light of the background stated and particularly the rejection of express provisions for the power now claimed by the New Haven, it is obviously difficult to accept the New Haven's present view that a complete abandonment of passenger service was not intended. Even the words used point to the decisive and- under the circumstances- clean-cut step. The word 'discontinue' is defined by Webster's New International [**29]  Dictionary, 2d Ed. 1939, as meaning ' * * * to put an end to; to cause to cease; to cease using; to give up'- meanings quite other than the connotations implicit in the word 'curtail,' which it defines ' * * * to shorten; abridge; diminish; lessen; reduce.' It goes on to give the meaning of 'discontinue' at law as being 'to abandon or terminate by a discontinuance'- an even more direct interpretation of the critical term. An interesting bit of support from the court itself for this view is found in Art. XI, §. 2(m), of the final Consummation Order and Decree, which reserved jurisdiction in the District Court: 'To consider and act on any question respecting the 'Critical Figures' established by the Plan with respect to the termination by the Reorganized Company of passenger service on the Old Colony Lines.' A 'termination' is quite different from a 'reduction.'

Curtail does not mean eliminate

Simons 94 OPINION BY: SIMONS, J. RUSSELL J. NOTIDES, Plaintiff and Appellant, v. WESTINGHOUSE CREDIT CORPORATION et al., Defendants and Respondents. No. A062773. COURT OF APPEAL OF CALIFORNIA, FIRST APPELLATE DISTRICT, DIVISION TWO 40 Cal. App. 4th 148; 37 Cal. Rptr. 2d 585; 1994 Cal. App. LEXIS 1321 December 12, 1994, Decided lexis

Appellant suggests that Jenkins knew that the problem would be handled by curtailing new deals, not simply being selective. In his deposition he stated that "the step of curtailing new business is a logical one to take." Appellant seems to misunderstand the word "curtail" to mean "eliminate." Even if Jenkins made the same error, he said that this decision to curtail was not made until the Fall of 1990, several months after the hiring and shortly before Notides was informed of the decision.

CURTAIL CAN MEAN TO PLACE RESTRICTIONS ON

Curtail is to place restrictions on

WordNet 12 Based on WordNet 3.0, Farlex clipart collection. © 2003-2012 Princeton University, Farlex Inc.

http://www.thefreedictionary.com/curtail

Verb 1. curtail - place restrictions on; "curtail drinking in school"

restrict, curb, cut back

circumscribe, confine, limit - restrict or confine, "I limit you to two visits to the pub a day"

abridge - lessen, diminish, or curtail; "the new law might abridge our freedom of expression"

immobilise, immobilize - cause to be unable to move; "The sudden storm immobilized the traffic"

2. curtail - terminate or abbreviate before its intended or proper end or its full extent; "My speech was cut short"; "Personal freedom is curtailed in many countries"

cut short, clip

shorten - make shorter than originally intended; reduce or retrench in length or duration; "He shortened his trip due to illness"

curtail means impose restrictions

Oxford 15 See definition in Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary

http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/us/definition/american_english/curtail

curtail Syllabification: cur·tail Pronunciation: /kərˈtāl/

Definition of curtail in English: verb [with object]

1Reduce in extent or quantity; impose a restriction on: civil liberties were further curtailed

CURTAIL IS NOT TO REGULATE

Curtail goes beyond regulation

BusinessWorld 14 BusinessWorld June 18, 2014 Wednesday Gov't agencies told to comment on petition vs higher traffic fines lexis

THE SUPREME COURT has ordered transport agencies to comment on a petition questioning the validity of higher fines for traffic violations, particularly with regard to public vehicles operating without valid franchises.

The Department of Transportation and Communications, Land Transportation Franchising and Regulatory Board and the Land Transportation Office were told to respond to a filing by the Angat Tsuper/Stop and Go group, which wants Joint Administrative Order (JAO) 2014-001 declared unconstitutional.

The group claims the JAO contains "vague" provisions, among others not specifying who will pay the penalties of violators of vehicles operating as a public transport without the requisite certificates of public convenience.

Angat Tsuper likewise claimed the JAO violated the right to due process by raising the fines substantially, to as high as P1 million for buses operating without a valid CPC, P200,000 for trucks, P50,000 for jeepneys, P200,000 for vans, P120,000 for sedans and P6,000 for motorcycles.

A trucking company, meanwhile has joined in the fight by filing another petition for review.

Ximex Delivery Express, Inc. (XDE) said the transportation agencies went beyond their mandate as the order does not regulate but instead "curtails" an individual's right to earn a living.

"[The new rules] deprive the owners of the fleets ... from pursuing what could be the only means of livelihood that they know," XDE said..

Curtail is different from regulate

Wanzala 15 OUMA WANZALA -1 Daily Nation (Kenya) April 8, 2015 Wednesday

State ready to hold talks over new media laws lexis

Dr Matiang'i yesterday insisted that the Jubilee administration supports and believed in the freedom of the media. He said the government had not banned any media outlet like Kenya's neighbours did.

"We have been criticised unfairly but we have been tolerant," he said.

The government had achieved a lot in the past two years but media firms were only looking at its failures, according to Dr Matiang'i.

He said foreign journalists working in Kenya should report fairly and accurately but the government had no intention of victimising them or shutting them down. Kenya Editors Guild chairman Linus Kaikai differed with Dr Matiang'i on media freedom in Kenya, saying it had been a tough two years for media. "The industry has been swinging between hope and despair. The legislative agenda has consistently been one that seeks not to regulate but to curtail the very freedom that makes the work of journalists possible.

"We consider these pieces of retrogressive legislation as a polite way of rolling back the progress of our industry and that of the country," Mr Kaikai said.

Curtail excludes regulation

Moore 85 By Steve Moore, senior writer for On Communications. Network World January, 1985

Total Deregulation lexis

"Even in the light of divestiture," a House Telecommunications Subcommittee aide noted, "the subcommittee not only chose not to regulate computers and DP, but to explicitly curtail or restrict the power of the FCC and the state utility commissions to stray into that -- with one exception."