Sifatdosh (The participle) Umumiy ma 'lumotlar

RAVISH DARAJALARI
1. Ko'pgina ravishlarning, ayniqsa holat ravishlarining darajalari si-fatlarning darajalariga o'xshaydi.
2. Bir, ikki bo'g'inli sodda ravishlarning qiyosiy darajasi -er qo'shim-chasini qo'shish bilan, orttirma darajasi esa -est qo'shimchasini qo'shish bilan yasaladi:

Odiy daraja	Qiyosiy daraja	Ort irma
fast tez hard qattiq latte kech soon tezda early erta	faster tezroq harder qattiqroq later kechroq sooner tezdaroq earlier ertaroq	Fastest eng tez hardest eng qattiq laterst eng kech soonerst eng tezda earlierst eng erta

_{3. Sifatdagi-ly qo`shimchasi qo`sgib yasalgan ravishlarning qiyosiy darajasi uning oldida more, orttirma darajasi esa oldiga most qo`yish bilan yasaladi.}

Oddiy daraja	Qiyosiy daraja	Orttirma daraja
Correctly aniq Bravely jasurona Correctly to'g'ri Cautiously ehtiyotkor	More clearly aniqroq More bravely jasurroq More correctly to'g'riroq More cautiously ehtiyotkorroq	Most clearly eng aniq Most bravely eng jasurona Most correctly eng to'g'ri Most cautiously eng ehtiyotkor

<sub>4. Ofteen tez-tez, quickly tez, slowly sekin ravishlarning darajalari har ikkala yo`l bilan yasaladi:



Quyidagi ravishlarning bdarajalari ular yasalgan sifatlarga o`xshab qoidaga bo`ysunmasdan yasaladi.</sub>

Oddiy daraja	Qiyosiy daraja	Orttirma daraja
wen yaxsni badly yomon much ko'p little oz far uzoq {	better yaxshiroq worse yomonroq more ko'proq less ozroq farther } uzoqroq further	best eng yaxshi worst eng yomon most eng ko'p least eng oz farthest { eng uzoq furthest

Oddiy daraja	Qiyosiy daraja	Orttirma daraja
often tez-tez { quickly tez { slowly sekin {	oftener more often quicker more quick slower more slow	oftenest most often quickest most quick slowest most slow

Orttirma darajadagi ravishdan keyin of predlogli birikma kelganda (yoki nazarda tutilganda) ravish the artikli bilan ham, artiklsiz ham ish­latilishi mumkin.
Of predlogli birikma bo'lmasa, yoki (nazarda tutilmasa) orttirma darajadagi ravish artiklsiz ishlatiladi:
Which of the boys works (the) best Bolalarning qaysi biri hamma (of all the boys)? (bolalar) dan yaxshi ishlaydi?
I work best in the morning. Men ertalab yxshi ishlayman.
im came late, Olim came later Rahim kech keldi, Olim kechroq Rarim came (the) latest (of keldi, Karim esa hammadan kech
all)- keldi
I come home latest on Mondays. Men uyga eng kech keladigan
RAVISHLARNING GAPDAGI O'RNI

1. 
   Gapdagi fe'l o'timsiz bo'lsa, holat ravishi fe'ldan keyin keladi:
   

He walked slowly. U sekin yurdi.
e sun shines brightly. Quyosh charaqlab nur sochadi.
2. Gapdagi fe'l o'timli bo'lsa, ravish fe'ldan oldin yoki fe'ldan keyin ielishi mumkin. U fe'l bilan to'ldiruvchining o'rtasida kelishi mumkin emas:
He answered the question calmly. U savolga bosiqlik bilan javob
He calmly answered the question berdi.
He translated the article easily. U maqolani osongina (osonlik bi-He easily translated the article. lan) tarjima qildi.
Fe'ldan keyin infinitiv kelganda, lavish fe'ldan oldin ishlatiladi: He flatly refused to answer the U savolga javob berishdan qat'iy question. bosh tortdi.
3. Noaniq zamon ravishlari — always, often, seldom, ever, never, just, already, yet, usually, generally, sometimes, still, soon, once va boshqalar fe'ldan oldin ishlatiladi:
He always comes early. U har doim erta keladi.
He often goes there. U u yoqqa tez-tez borib turadi.
I usually get up at seven o'clock. Men odatda soat yettida o'rnim-
dan turaman.
I once went there with my brother. Men u yerga bir kuni akam bilan
borgan edim
Lekin yuqoridagi ravishlar to be fe'lidan keyin ishlatiladi:
He is always here at five o'clock. U har doim soat beshda shu yerda
bo'ladi.
He is never late for the lectures. U hech qachon leksiyaga kech
qolmaydi.
Gapda qo'shma fe'l ishlatilgan bo'lsa, yuqoridagi ravishlar yordamchi fe'l bilan asosiy fe'l o'rtasida keladi:
I shall never forget it. Men buni hech qachon unutmayman.
He has just left. U hozirgina ketdi.
Agar gapda ikkita yordamchi fe'l bo'lsa ravish birinchi yordarnchi fe'ldan keyin ishlatiladi:
He has just been asked to take part Undan hozirgina bu ishda qat- in that work. nashishini so'rashdi.
Noaniq zamon ravishlari modal fe'l bilan infinitiv o'rtasida keladi: You must never get off the tram Siz hech qachon yurib ketayotgan when it is moving. tramvaydan tushmasligingiz kerak.
I can always prove it to be true. Men buning to'g'riligini har doim
isbotlay olaman.
Agar fe'l have+ to + V shaklida ifodalangan bo'lsa, yuqoridagi ravish­lar havedan oldin ishlatiladi:
I often have to go there. Menga ko'pincha u yerga bori-
shimga to'g'ri keladi.
Agar fe'l used + to + V shaklida ifodalangan bo'lsa, yuqoridagi ra­vishlar useddan oldin ishlatiladi:
You always used to agree. Siz har doim men bilan kelishar
edingiz.
Yet ravishi hali ma'nosida not yuklamasidan keyin yoki fe'ldan ke­yin, agar to'ldiruvchi bo'lsa, toidiruvchidan keyin ishlatiladi:
I have not yet read the letter.
Men hah xatm о qigamm yo q.
I have not read the letter yet.