Sifatdosh (The participle) Umumiy ma 'lumotlar

PAST PARTICIPLE PASSIVE
1. Past Participle otlar oldida aniqlovchi bo'lib keladi:
A broken cup was lying on the Stolda siniq piyola yotardi. table.
She mended the torn sleeve of her U ko'ylagining yirtiq yengini dress. yamadi.
2. Past Participle otlar orqasidan aniqlovchi bo'lib keladi va ular aniqlovchi ergash gaplarga mos keladi:
This firm is interested in the pur­- Bu firma bizning zavodlarimizda
chase of automobiles produced by ishlab chiqarilgan avtomobillarni
our plants (= which are produced sotib olishga qiziqadi.
by our plants).
The answer received from the sel- Sotuvchilardan biz olgan javob
­lers (= which had been received from bizni juda hayron qoldirdi.
the sellers) greatly surprised us.
The ship chartered by the buyers Xaridorlar yollagan kema kelasi
(=which has been chartered by the hafta Bostonga yetib keladi.
buyers) will arrive at Boston next
week.
All books taken (= which were Kutubxonadan olingan barcha
taken) from the library must be kitoblar kelasi hafta qaytarilishi
returned next week. kerak.
The questions discussed at a O'tgan oyda ko'p yig'ilishlarda
number of meetings last month muhokama qilingan masalalar hozir
(=which were discussed at a yechildi.
number of meetings last month)
have now been decided.
3. Past Participle odatiy, umuman sodir bo'ladigan ish-harakatni if₀. dalaydi. Unga mos keluvchi ergash gapda Simple Present Passive ishl_a. tish mumkin:
They sent us a list of goods im- Ular bizga o'sha firma tomonidan ported by that firm (=which are import qilinadigan mollarning imported by that firm). ro'yxatini yuborishdi.
A themometer is an instrument Termometr — haroratni o'lehash used for measuring temperature uchun ishlatiladigan asbob. (=which is used for measuring tem­perature).
4. Past Participle qo'shma kesim tarkibida keladi: My pencil is broken. Mening qalamim siniq. The letters were typed. Xatlar mashinkada yozildi.
5. Past Participle sifatdoshli iboralarda ishlatiladi, payt va sabab holi bo'lib keladi. Bunday iboralar kesimi majhul nisbatda bo'lgan ergash gaplarga to'g'ri keladi:
Asked (=When he was asked) Undan tezda qaytish-qaytmas-whether he intended to return ligini so'raganlarida, u taxminan soon, he replied that he would be uch oylar ketishini aytdi. away for about three months.
Squeezed by ice (=As the steamer Muzda qisilib qolib, paroxod- yo'li-was squeezed by ice), the steamer ni davom ettira olmadi. could not continue her way.
Payt holi bo'lib keluvchi Past Participle ishlatilgan sifatdoshli ibora-lardan oldin ko'pincha when bog'lovhisi ishlatiladi: When asked whether he intended to return soon....
Hoi bo'lib kelgan sifatdoshli iboralarda Past Participle bilan birga Present Participle Passive ham ishlatilishi mumkin:
Asked whether he intended to re- = Being asked whether he intended turn soon ... to return soon ...
Squeezed by ice ... = Being squeezed by ice ...