Six characteristics of research

45.
47. 
48. The principles of the dialectical method are objectivity, comprehensiveness, concreteness, historicism, 
the principle of contradiction. Objectivity involves turning to practice, revealing facts, logical concepts, understanding 
the essence of the subject of study, taking into account the socio-cultural context. Comprehensiveness requires 
defining the boundaries of the subject of research, the integrity, and diversity of its study, analysis of all aspects of the 
subject. Concreteness of the study is based on the identification of the main characteristics of the subject, its 
decomposition into its constituent parts, the determination of the relationship of the general and single in the studied 
phenomenon, consideration of the subject of research as part of the system of which it is an element. Historicism 
involves the analysis of the current state of the subject, taking into account the past and forecasting the future. The 
contradiction principle requires the identification of contradictions in the subject of research and consideration of the 
subject as a unity of opposites. 
49. The metaphysical method is based on Aristotle's “Metaphysics” and involves the consideration of the 
phenomenon as a static system, without taking into account external factors. In this method, it is important to identify 
intra system relationships. 
50.
 
General scientific methods, methods peculiar to all sciences, are divided into theoretical, logical and 
empirical.
51. Axiomatic method is a method in which some statements are accepted without evidence as given, and 
knowledge is derived from these statements by the rules of logic. 
52. The hypothetical-deductive method involves the creation of a system of interconnected hypotheses from 
which statements are concluded. Using this method, the scientist first makes several assumptions about the laws 
studied phenomenon and then tries to prove their hypotheses by analyzing factual material. In the process of analysis, 
he selects from the hypotheses expressed by him the most plausible and draws a conclusion using deduction. After 
that, the scientist checks his chosen hypothesis by comparing it with the facts obtained.