So prep. A, with instr

sostaviÃtel; n.m. compiler.

sostaÃvit; [infl. -vl[, -viw;] v., pfv. of sostav-lqÃt;. ÑsostaÃvit;sq, refl., pfv. of sostavlqÃt;sq.

sostavleÃnie n. 1, compilation. 2, drawing up; draft-ing. 3, formation.

sostavlqÃt; v.impfv. [pfv. sostaÃvit;] 1, to put to-gether (in one place). 2, to form (a group, opinion, etc.). 3, to put together; build (a collection, library, etc.). 4, to compile (a list, dictionary, etc.). 5, to compose; draft; draw up. 6, to be; represent; constitute. 7, to total; amount to; come to. 8, in sostavlqÃt; kompaÃni[ (+ dat.), to keep (someone) company. ÑsostavlqÃt;sq, refl. 1, to be formed. 2, to be built up; accumulate.

sostavlqÃ[]ij n., decl. as an adj. component part.

sostavnoÃj adj. 1, compound; composite. 2, compo-nent; constituent: sostavnaÃq hast;, component/constitu-ent part. 3, sectional. ÑsostavnaÃq kartiÃnka, jigsaw puzzle.

sostaÃrit; v., pfv. of staÃrit;. ÑsostaÃrit;sq, refl., pfv. of staÃrit;sq.

sostoqÃnie n. 1, state; condition: sostoqÃnie zdo-roÃv;q, state of health; v xoroÃwem sostoqÃnii, in good condition. 2, fortune: na'ivaÃt; sostoqÃnie, to make a fortune. Ñbyt; v sostoqÃnii (+ inf.), to be in a posi-tion to.


sostoqÃtel;nost; n.f. 1, wealth. 2, soundness (of an argument).

sostoqÃtel;nyj adj. 1, well-to-do. 2, well-founded.

sostoqÃt; v.impfv. [pres. -sto[Ã, -stoiÃw;] 1, (with iz) to consist of: KvartiÃra sostoiÃt iz tr\x koÃmnat, the apartment consists of three rooms. 2, (with instr. or various prepositions) to be (with reference to oneÕs status): sostoqÃt; paÃj]ikom, to be a shareholder; sostoqÃt; v braÃke, to be married; sostoqÃt; v rodstveà s, to be related to; sostoqÃt; v zapaÃse, to be in the reserves. 3, (with v + prepl.) to belong to: sostoqÃt; v profso[Ãze, to belong to a union. 4, (with v + prepl.) to be; consist of; lie in: raÃznica sostoiÃt v tom, hto..., the difference is that... V h\m buÃdut sostoqÃt; moià obqÃ-zannosti?, what will my duties consist of?

sostoqÃt;sq v.r.pfv. [infl. -stoiÃtsq] 1, to take place; be held. 2, (of a deal) to go through.

sostradaÃnie n. compassion. ÑsostradaÃtel;nyj, adj. compassionate.

sostrigaÃt; v.impfv. [pfv. sostriÃh;] to cut off; clip off.

sostriÃt; v.pfv. to crack; quip; make a wisecrack.

sostriÃh; [infl. like strih;] v., pfv. of sostrigaÃt;.

sostroÃit; v.pfv., colloq. to make (a face).

sostrqÃpat; v., pfv. of strqÃpat;.

sostykovaÃt;sq v.r., pfv. of stykovaÃt;sq.

sostqzaÃnie n. competition; contest; match.

sostqzaÃt;sq v.r.impfv. to compete.

sosuÃd n. 1, vessel; container. 2, anat. vessel: krove-noÃsnyj sosuÃd, blood vessel.

sosuÃdistyj adj. vascular.

sosuÃl;ka [gen. pl. -lek] n. icicle.

sosuÃn [gen. -sunaÃ] n. suckling. Also, sosunoÃk [gen. -nkaÃ].

sosu]estvovaÃnie n. coexistence.

sosu]estvovaÃt; v.impfv. [pres. -stvuÃ[, -stvuÃew;] to coexist.

soshitaÃt; v., pfv. of shitaÃt; (in sense #1).

sot n. 1, gen. pl. of sto: neÃskol;ko sot, several hun-dred. 2, see soÃty.

soÃtaq n., decl. as an adj. one-hundredth: odnaà soÃtaq, one one-hundredth.

sotvoreÃnie n. creation (of the world). Ñs or ot sotvoreÃniq miÃra, since the world began; since the beginning of time.

sotvoriÃt; v., pfv. of tvoriÃt;.

soítennyj adj., colloq. hundred-ruble (attrib.).

soteÃrn (t`) n. sauterne.

sotkaÃt; v., pfv. of tkat;.

soÃtnq [gen. pl. soÃten] n. 1, one hundred. 2, pl. (with gen.) hundreds (of): soÃtni tyÃsqh l[deÃj, hundreds of thousands of people. TakiÃx istoÃrij soÃtni, there are hundreds of such stories.

sotovaÃri] n. associate; colleague.

soÃtovyj adj. of or from a honeycomb. ÑsoÃtovyj telefoÃn, cellular phone.

sotruÃdnik n. 1, collaborator; colleague; associate. 2, official: sotruÃdnik posoÃl;stva, embassy official. 3, (with gen.) contributor (to a newspaper, magazine, etc.). ÑnauÃhnyj sotruÃdnik, research associate.

sotruÃdnihat; v.impfv. 1, (with s + instr.) to coop-erate (with); collaborate (with). 2, (with v + prepl.) to collaborate on (a book, article, etc.). 3, (with v + prepl.) to contribute to; write for (a publication).

sotruÃdnihestvo n. 1, cooperation; collaboration. 2, (with v + prepl.) contributing (to a publication).

sotrqsaÃt; v.impfv. [pfv. sotrqstiÃ] to shake; rock. SotrqsaÃt; voÃzdux, to rend the air. ÑsotrqsaÃt;sq, refl. to shake; tremble.

sotrqseÃnie n. 1, shaking; vibration. 2, shock; impact. ÑsotrqseÃnie moÃzga, brain concussion.

sotrqstià [infl. like trqstiÃ] v., pfv. of sotrqsaÃt;. ÑsotrqstiÃs;, refl., pfv. of sotrqsaÃt;sq.

soÃty n.pl. [sing. sot] honeycomb.

soÃtyj ordinal numeral hundredth; one-hundredth.

soÃus n. sauce; gravy; dressing. ÑsoÃusnik, n. gravy boat.

souhaÃstie n. complicity. ÑsouhaÃstnik, n. accom-plice.

souheniÃk [gen. -nikaÃ] n.m. [fem. -niÃca] fellow class-mate.

sofaà [pl. soÃfy] n. sofa.

sofiÃzm n. sophism. ÑsofiÃst, n. sophist. ÑsofiÃ-stika, n. sophistry. ÑsofistiÃheskij, adj. sophistic.

sofiÃty [gen. -tov] n.pl. spotlights; floodlights.

soxaà [pl. soÃxi] n. old wooden plow.

soÃxnut; v.impfv. [pfv. vyÃsoxnut;; past sox or soÃxnul, soÃxla] 1, to dry; become dry. 2, to dry up. 3, to wither. 4, colloq. to waste away.

soxraneÃnie n. 1, keeping; retention. 2, preservation. 3, safekeeping: otdaÃt; na soxraneÃnie, to turn over for safekeeping.

soxraniÃt; v., pfv. of soxranqÃt;. ÑsoxraniÃt;sq, refl., pfv. of soxranqÃt;sq.

soxraÃnnost; n.f. 1, safety. 2, state of preservation. Ñv soxraÃnnosti, safe; intact. Ñv ceÃlosti i soxraÃnnosti, safe and sound.

soxraÃnnyj adj. 1, safe: v soxraÃnnom meÃste, in a safe place. 2, safe; unharmed.

soxranqÃt; v.impfv. [pfv. soxraniÃt;] 1, to keep; retain; hold onto. 2, to keep (a secret, oneÕs balance, etc.). 3, to maintain; preserve (peace, oneÕs independence, old cus-toms, etc.). 4, to conserve (oneÕs energy, strength, etc.). 5, to protect (from damage). ÑsoxranqÃt; za soboÃj, 1, to retain. 2, to reserve.

soxranqÃt;sq v.r.impfv. [pfv. soxraniÃt;sq] 1, to be preserved; remain; survive. 2, (of food) to keep; not spoil. 3, colloq. (of a person) to be well-preserved.

socveÃtie n. raceme.

socializaÃciq n. socialization.

socializiÃrovat; v.impfv. & pfv. [pres. -ru[, -ruew;] to socialize.

socialiÃzm n. socialism. ÑsocialiÃst, n. socialist. ÑsocialistiÃheskij, adj. socialist; socialistic.

sociaÃl;nyj adj. social.

socioloÃgiq n. sociology. ÑsocioÃlog, n. sociolo-gist. ÑsociologiÃheskij, adj. sociological.

soheÃl;nik n. 1, Christmas Eve. 2, Twelfth Night.

sohetaÃnie n. combination. Ñv sohetaÃnii s, in conjunction with.

sohetaÃt; v.impfv. & pfv. to combine. ÑsohetaÃt;sq, refl. 1, to be combined. 2, to match; go well together; (with s + instr.) to go well (with).

sohineÃnie n. 1, (act of) composing. 2, (literary) work. 3, composition (written for school).

sohiniÃtel; n.m. 1, archaic writer; composer. 2, colloq. liar; storyteller.

sohiniÃtel;nyj adj., gram. coordinate: sohiniÃtel;-nyj so[Ãz, coordinate conjunction.

sohinqÃt; v.impfv. [pfv. sohiniÃt;] 1, to compose. 2, to make up; concoct; invent.

sohiÃt; v.impfv. to exude. ÑsohiÃt;sq, refl. to ooze; trickle.

soÃhnyj adj. 1, juicy; succulent. 2, fig. (of colors, lan-guage, etc.) rich. ÑsoÃhnost;, n.f. juiciness; succu-lence.

sohuÃvstvennyj adj. sympathetic. ÑsohuÃvstvenno, adv. sympathetically.

sohuÃvstvie n. sympathy.

sohuÃvstvovat; v.impfv. [pres. -stvu[, -stvuew;] (with dat.) 1, to sympathize (with); feel sorry for; feel for. 2, to sympathize (with); be in sympathy (with).

soÃwka [gen. pl. soÃwek] n. prop; support (for a gun). ÑmeÃlkaq soÃwka, small fry; pipsqueak.

sowniÃk [gen. -nikaÃ] n. plowshare.

so]uÃrit; v., pfv. of ]uÃrit;. Ñso]uÃrit;sq, refl., pfv. of ]uÃrit;sq.

so[Ãz n. 1, union. 2, alliance. 3, gram. conjunction. Ñv so[Ãze s, in league with.

so[Ãznik n.m. [fem. -nica] ally. FraÃnciq Ñ naw so[Ãznik (or naÃwa so[Ãznica) France is our ally.

so[Ãzniheskij adj. of an ally.

so[Ãznyj adj. 1, union (attrib.). 2, federal. 3, allied.

soÃq n. 1, soybean (plant). 2, colloq. soy sauce.

spageÃtti n.neut. indecl. spaghetti.

spad n. 1, falling off; decline. 2, econ. recession; slump. 3, receding (of water).

spadaÃt; v.impfv. [pfv. spast;] 1, (with s + gen.) to fall off; fall down from. 2, (of water, swelling, etc.) to go down. 3, [impfv. only] to hang down. 4, to subside; abate.

spazm also, spaÃzma n. spasm. ÑspazmatiÃheskij, adj. spasmodic.

spaÃivat; v.impfv. 1, [pfv. spaqÃt;] to solder (together); fig. unite. 2, [pfv. spoiÃt;] colloq. to make drunk; make a drunkard of.

spaÃjka n. 1, soldering. 2, soldered joint. 3, fig. unity; cohesion.

spaliÃt; v., pfv. of paliÃt; (in senses #2 & #3).

spaÃl;nyj adj. sleeping (attrib.). ÑspaÃl;noe meÃsto, berth.

spaÃl;nq [gen. pl. -len] n. bedroom.

spanieÃl; n.m. spaniel.

span;\ n., colloq. sleeping.

spaÃrennyj adj. dual; twin.

spaÃr'a n. asparagus. ÑspaÃr'evyj, adj. asparagus (attrib.).

spaÃrivanie n. mating.

spaÃrivat; v.impfv. [pfv. spaÃrit;] 1, to pair; couple. 2, to mate. ÑspaÃrivat;sq, refl. 1, colloq. to pair off. 2, to mate.

spartakiaÃda n. Spartacist Games.

spartaÃnec [gen. -nca] n.m. [fem. -nka] Spartan. ÑspartaÃnskij, adj. Spartan.

spaÃryvat; v.impfv. [pfv. sporoÃt;] to remove; take off (by cutting the stitches).

spasaÃnie n. saving; rescuing.

spasaÃtel; n.m. 1, rescue worker. 2, lifeguard.

spasaÃtel;nyj adj. rescue (attrib.). ÑspasaÃtel;nyj 'ileÃt, life jacket. ÑspasaÃtel;nyj krug, life buoy. ÑspasaÃtel;nyj l[k, escape hatch. ÑspasaÃtel;-naq loÃdka or wl[Ãpka, lifeboat. ÑspasaÃtel;nyj plot, life raft. ÑspasaÃtel;nyj poÃqs, life belt; life preserver.

spasaÃt; v.impfv. [pfv. spastiÃ] to save; rescue. Ñspa-saÃt;sq, refl. 1, to be saved. 2, (with ot) to escape.

spaseÃnie n. 1, saving; rescue. 2, escape. 3, fig. sal-vation.

spasiÃbo particle thank you; thanks. Bol;woÃe (vam) spasiÃbo!, thank you very much! Ñza (odnoÃ) spa-siÃbo, colloq. for nothing; without asking for anything in return. Ñi na tom spasiÃbo, we should be grateful at least for that.

spasiÃtel; n.m. 1, savior; rescuer, 2, relig. Savior.

spasiÃtel;nyj adj. that which saves; bringing salva-tion.

spasovaÃt; v., pfv. of pasovaÃt;.

spastià [infl. spasuÃ, spas\w;; past spas, spaslaÃ, spasloÃ, spasliÃ] v., pfv. of spasaÃt;. ÑspastiÃs;, refl., pfv. of spasaÃt;sq.

spastiÃheskij adj. spastic.

spast; [infl. like past;] v., pfv. of spadaÃt;.

spat; v.impfv. [pres. spl[, spiw;, spit, spim, spiÃte, spqt; past fem. spalaÃ] to sleep. ÑspaÃt;sq, refl. [past spaloÃs;] impers. (with dat.) colloq. to be able to sleep: Mne ne spiÃtsq, I canÕt fall asleep; mne ploÃxo spaloÃs;, I did not sleep well.

spaÃqnnyj adj. united; close-knit. ÑspaÃqnnost;, n.f. unity; cohesion.

spaqÃt; v., pfv. of spaÃivat; (in sense #1).

spevaÃt;sq v.r.impfv. [pfv. speÃt;sq] 1, to achieve harmony in singing. 2, colloq. to get along.

speÃvka n. choir practice.

spektaÃkl; n.m. show; performance. ÑdnevnoÃj spektaÃkl;, matinee.

spektr n. spectrum. ÑspektraÃl;nyj, adj. spectral.

spektroskoÃp n. spectroscope. ÑspektroskopiÃhe-skij, adj. spectroscopic.

spekuliÃrovat; v.impfv. [pres. -ru[, -ruew;] (with instr. or na + prepl.) 1, finance to speculate (in). 2, fig. to exploit; capitalize on; take advantage of.

spekulqÃnt n. 1, speculator. 2, fig. exploiter; oppor-tunist.

spekulqtiÃvnyj adj. 1, finance speculative. 2, (of prices) artificially high. 3, speculative (hypothetical).

spekulqÃciq n. 1, speculation; profiteering. 2, (with na + prepl.) taking advantage of.

spelenaÃt; v., pfv. of pelenaÃt;.

speÃlyj adj. ripe. ÑspeÃlost;, n.f. ripeness.

spervaà adv., colloq. first; at first.

speÃredi adv. 1, in front. 2, from the front. Ñprep., with gen. in (or from) the front of.
spereÃt; v.pfv. [infl. sopruÃ, sopr\w;; past sp\r, sp\rla] colloq. to steal; swipe.

speÃrma n. sperm. ÑspermatozoÃid, n. sperm cell.

sp\rtyj adj., colloq. (of air) close; stuffy.

spesiÃvyj adj. haughty; arrogant; high and mighty.

spes; n.f. haughtiness; arrogance. ÑsbivaÃt; spes; s (+ gen.), to take (someone) down a peg.

spet;¹ v.impfv. [pfv. pospeÃt;; pres. speÃet] to ripen; become ripe.

spet;² [infl. spo[Ã, spo\w;] v., pfv. of pet;. ÑspeÃt;sq, refl., pfv. of spevaÃt;sq.

spex n., colloq. hurry. Ñmne ne k speÃxu, IÕm in no hurry.

specializaÃciq n. specialization.

specializiÃrovat;sq v.r.impfv. & pfv. [pres. -ru-[s;, -ruew;sq] (with v + prepl. or po) to specialize (in).

specialiÃst n. specialist; expert.

speciaÃl;no adv. 1, especially: speciaÃl;no dlq vas, especially for you. 2, specially: speciaÃl;no podgo-toÃvlen, specially trained. 3, colloq. specifically.

speciaÃl;nost; n.f. 1, specialty; field of specialization: raboÃtat; po speciaÃl;nosti, to work in oneÕs field. 2, profession: in'eneÃr po speciaÃl;nosti, an engineer by profession.

speciaÃl;nyj adj. 1, special. 2, specialized.

speciÃfika n. specific nature; specific features.

specifikaÃciq n. specification.

specifiÃheskij adj. distinctive; peculiar. Ñspeci-fiÃhnost;, n.f. distinctive nature.

speÃciq n. spice.

specodeÃ'da n. overalls.

specsluÃ'by n.pl. law enforcement and intelligence agencies.

speÃwivat; v.impfv. [pfv. speÃwit;] to order to dis-mount. ÑspeÃwivat;sq, refl. to dismount.

speÃwit; v., pfv. of speÃwivat;. ÑspeÃwit;sq, refl., pfv. of speÃwivat;sq.

spewiÃt; v.impfv. [pfv. pospewiÃt;] 1, to hurry; rush. 2, [impfv. only] to be in a hurry: On ne spewiÃl s otveÃtom, he was in no hurry to answer. 3, (with inf.) to hasten (to). 4, [impfv. only] (of a timepiece) to be fast. Ñne spewaÃ, at a leisurely place; deliberately.

speÃwka n., colloq. hurry; rush; haste. Ñv speÃwke, in oneÕs (or everyoneÕs) haste.

speÃwno adv. in a hurry; hastily.

speÃwnost; n.f. 1, urgency. 2, haste.

speÃwnyj adj. 1, urgent; pressing. 2, hurried; hasty.

spivaÃt;sq v.r.impfv. [pfv. spiÃt;sq] to take to drink; become an alcoholic.

SPID n. AIDS (contr. of sindroÃm priobret\nnogo immunodeficiÃta).
spidoÃmetr n. speedometer.

spiÃker n. speaker (of the House of Representatives or of a parliament).

spiÃlivat; v.impfv. [pfv. spiliÃt;] 1, to saw down. 2, to saw off.

spiliÃt; [infl. spil[Ã, spiÃliw;] v., pfv. of spiÃ-livat;.

spinaà [acc. spiÃnu; pl. spiÃny] n. back. Ñza (h;eÃj-nibud;) spinoÃj, behind someoneÕs back. ÑspinoÃj k, with oneÕs back to.

spiÃnka [gen. pl. -nok] n. 1, dim. of spinaÃ. 2, back (of a garment, piece of furniture, etc.).

spinnoÃj adj. spinal; dorsal. ÑspinnoÃj mozg, spinal cord. ÑspinnoÃj xrebeÃt, spine; backbone; spinal col-umn.

spinnomozgovoÃj adj. spinal.

spiraÃl; n.f. spiral. ÑspiraÃl;nyj, adj. spiral.

spiriÃt n. spiritualist (one who believes in com-munication with the dead). ÑspiritiÃzm, n. spiritual-ism. ÑspiritiÃheskij, adj. spiritualistic.

spiritualiÃzm n., philos. spiritualism. Ñspiritua-liÃst, n. spiritualist.

spirt n. 1, alcohol: dreveÃsnyj spirt, wood alcohol. 2, spirits: kamfaÃrnyj spirt, spirits of camphor. Ñnawa-tyÃrnyj spirt, liquid ammonia.