Sustainable Land Management for Mitigating Climate Change
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- 2. Perennial Land use
- Table 29. Mean annual biomass yield and carbon sequestration rate of seawater irrigated halophytes at Puerto Penasco, Sonora, Mexico (Adapted from Glenn et al., 1993).
- 1. Batis maritime 34.0 8.2 2. Atriplex linearis
- 3. Salicornia bigelovii Year one
- Year two 17.7 4.3 4. Suaeda esteroa
- 5. Sesuvium partulacastrum
| Land Use
|
Area (Mha) |
C Sequestration Rate (t/ha/yr) | ||
|
Technical Potential (Mt C/yr) | ||||
|
Soil |
Biomass | |||
|
1. Cropland |
100 |
|
|
|
|
a. Irrigated |
56 |
1.0-2.0 |
- |
56-112 |
|
b. Rainfed |
44 |
0.5-1.0 |
- |
22-44 |
|
2. Perennial Land use |
280 |
0.5-1.0 |
0.5-2.0 |
280-840 |
|
Total |
|
|
|
358-996 |
E. Growing Halophytes as Biofuel Feedstocks
94. Strongly and extremely salinized soils may need to be taken out of agricultural and pastoral land uses and planted with specific trees, shrubs or grass species that could be used as biofuel feedstocks. Such biomass can also be used as direct fuel for power generation through co-combustion. In addition to salt-affected soils, some water reserves are saline (brackish) with high salt content ranging from 5000 to 40,000 ppm. While common crops cannot tolerate such high salt concentrations, some halophytes can adapt to such conditions. Karlberg and de Vries (2004) collected data on several crops regarding their tolerance to irrigation with saline water. They reported that most cereals (wheat, corn, rice, barley, sorghum, rye grass, and small grains) can be grown in soils with a salinity level of 20-16 dS/m. In contrast, legumes and other crops (e.g., alfalfa, tomato, cotton, oat, choke, beet) can be grown at salinity levels of 2-8 dS/m. A major opportunity in biotechnology lies in designing new germplasm that is tolerant to high salt concentrations in the root zone, and has high NPP in such environments. Examples of some useful halophytes as shown in Table 29 indicate vast potential of producing high-grade fodder, forage, oil, and food. Experiments reported by Glenn et al. (1993) show that halophytes irrigated with seawater can produce biomass yield of 17 to 35 t/ha/yr with a net C sequestration rate of 4-8 t C/ha/yr (Table 29).
|
Table 29. Mean annual biomass yield and carbon sequestration rate of seawater irrigated halophytes at Puerto Penasco, Sonora, Mexico (Adapted from Glenn et al., 1993). | ||
|
Species |
Biomass Yield (tC/ha/yr) |
C Sequestration Rate (tC/ha/yr) |
|
1. Batis maritime |
34.0 |
8.2 |
|
2. Atriplex linearis |
24.3 |
6.7 |
|
3. Salicornia bigelovii |
|
|
|
22.4 |
5.6 |
|
17.7 |
4.3 |
|
4. Suaeda esteroa |
17.2 |
4.3 |
|
5. Sesuvium partulacastrum |
16.7 |
4.2 |
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