Sustainable surface transport

NumberShort NameLegal NameCountry4EON RUHRE.ON Ruhrgas AGDE

With a natural gas send out in 2005 totalling 690.2 billion kWh, E.ON Ruhrgas is one of the largest gas companies in Europe and the market leader in Germany. It procures gas on a long-term basis from sources in Germany and abroad for delivery to distribution companies, industrial consumers and power stations in Germany and increasingly also in other European countries. E.ON Ruhrgas operates a sophisticated supply system consisting of more than 11,000 km of pipeline, 11 underground storage facilities and 28 compressor stations to ensure that customers receive their gas as and when required. The customers of EON Ruhrgas are regional companies, local distribution companies, industry and power stations. The gross sales of the company in 2005 reached 17.9 Billion \, the number of employees is about 2500. E.ON Ruhrgas and its affiliates offer a wide range of services and products for the transportation and use of natural gas.

In its R&D activities E.ON Ruhrgas concentrates on transmission, distribution and applications. In the latter field of work, E.ON Ruhrgas is promoting the use of natural gas as fuel as well by marketing activities as by technical assistance and developments efforts. E.ON Ruhrgas is part owner of the company erdgas mobil acting in Germany as the main driver for the extension of the fueling station infrastructure. In addition, E.ON has founded the wholly owned subsidiary company E.ON Gas Mobil dedicated to install and operate about 100 fuelling facilities at motorways. Thanks to erdgas mobil and in the future to E.ON Gas Mobil, Germany will feature the largest fueling station network in Europe.
E.ON Ruhrgas will be responsible for the coordination of SPB0 "Fuels for advanced CNG engines" and for the following technical activities:

WP B0.1: Study on the gas composition range in Europe, H2 influence on CNG tanks, WTT analyses; WP B0.3: supply of limit gases; WP B0.4: Engine tests on gas quality impact ; WP B0.5: Evaluation of a gas quality sensor; WP B0.6: Final WTW evaluation.

E.ON Ruhrgas is engaged in R+D-projects in the field of CNG-technology since about 15 years. Based on previous extensive experiences with projects dealing with the gas composition influence on stationary gas engines, with catalytic emission reduction and with Methane Number calculation and measurement, E.ON Ruhrgas has in the last years focused its activities on cooperations with CNG engine manufacturers. These cooperations aimed on the one hand at the development of direct injection methods (DING and HPDI) for heavy duty CNG engines, and on the other hand on the influence of gas quality changes on charged CNG car engines. In the field of CNG storage tanks, E.ON Ruhrgas pursued the development of conformable CNG steel tanks und supports research on innovative storage concepts (short fibre reinforced plastic tanks, adsorption storage technology).
Within the Project the following key-persons will be involved:

Dr. Marius Adelt has studied marine engineering, and is at E.ON Ruhrgas since more the 20 years engaged in R&D projects concerning gas application. His specific experiences apply to industrial gas burners, gas-fired process optimisation, CNG tank development und well to wheel analysis af conventional and alternative fuels.

Dr. Manfred Hoppe has studied mechanical engineering in combination with control and measurement technology and works since about 20 years on measurement related topics in gas transmission and gas application. Focal point in the last years has been the development of novel gas quality measurement solutions. He is responsible for the coordination of CNG R+D-activities at E.ON Ruhrgas.

Hans-Juergen Schollmeyer has studied mechanical engineering and has an over 25 years long experience in natural gas engine technology. Main topics of his projects were the improvement of catalytic converters for gas engines, the investigation of the effect of changing gas compositions on gas engine operation and actually, the assessment of gas/electric hybrid vehicle technology with regard to emissions, comsumption and usability.

NumberShort NameLegal NameCountry5-- ----
NumberShort NameLegal NameCountry6DAIDaimler AGDE

Daimler AG is a stock corporation organised under the laws of the Federal Republic of Germany (Commercial Register in Stuttgart, HRB No. 19360; VAT registration number: DE 81 25 26 315). It was incorporated in Germany on May 6, 1998 in the course of the business combination of Daimler-Benz Aktiengesellschaft and Chrysler Corporation. On August 3, 2007 DaimlerChrysler transferred of a majority interest in the Chrysler Group and for the related financial services business in NAFTA to a subsidiary of Cerberus Capital Management, L.P., a private-equity company based in New York. The subsidiary of Cerberus took over 80.1% in the Chrysler Holding LLC, while Daimler retained a 19.9% interest. DaimlerChrysler AG was renamed as Daimler AG on October 19, 2007.

Daimler AG's registered office is located at Mercedesstrasse 137, 70327 Stuttgart, Germany. Daimler AG is the ultimate parent company of the Daimler Group.
As of December 31, 2006, DaimlerChrysler AG had approximately 1.3 million stockholders. The principal trading markets for Daimler ordinary shares are the Frankfurt Stock Exchange and the New York Stock Exchange.
The Daimler Group develops, manufactures, distributes and sells a wide range of automotive products, mainly passenger cars, trucks, vans and buses. It also provides financial and other services relating to its automotive businesses.
Group revenues increased 1 % from EUR 149.8 billion in 2005 to EUR 151.6 billion in 2006. Research and development expenses amounted to EUR 5.3 billion in 2006 compared to EUR 5.6 billion in 2005. The decrease was primarily due to reduced research and development costs associated with the smart brand, the disposal of the Off-Highway business and currency translation effects. Research and development expenses as a percentage of revenues were 3.5 % in 2006 compared to 3.8 % in 2005. Net income was EUR 3.2 billion in 2006 compared to EUR 2.8 billion in 2005. In 2006, the Group employed a workforce of 365,753 (2005: 386,465; 2004: 379,019) people. Therein included are 13,104 (2005: 14,409; 2004: 14,307) trainees/apprentices.
Business Segments. The Daimler Group has three business segments: Mercedes-Benz Cars, Daimler Trucks, and Daimler Financial Services.
Mercedes-Benz Cars. The Mercedes-Benz Cars designs, produces and sells Mercedes-Benz passenger cars, Maybach high-end luxury sedans and smart compact passenger cars. In 2006, the Mercedes Car Group contributed approximately 36 % of DaimlerChrysler Group revenues. Mercedes-Benz passenger cars are world-renowned for innovative technology, highest levels of comfort, quality and safety, and pioneering design. The prestigious Maybach brand represents a line of exclusive high-end luxury sedans with unsurpassed luxury, comfort, and individuality. The smart brand represents a micro compact car concept.
Daimler Trucks. The Truck Group manufactures and sells trucks and specialty vehicles under the brand names Mercedes-Benz, Freightliner, Sterling, Western Star, Thomas Built Buses (TBB) and Mitsubishi Fuso. Daimler worldwide facilities provide Daimler with a strong production and assembly network for commercial vehicles and core components. In 2006, the Truck Group contributed approximately 21 % of DaimlerChrysler total revenues.
Daimler Financial Services. Daimler Financial Services activities, which contributed approximately 11 % of Group revenues in 2006, consist almost exclusively of financing and leasing services supporting Daimler automotive business.
DAI will responsible for the coordination of SPB2 and for the following technical activities:

Within SPA2

WP A2.1: Definition of combustion system and engine layout; WP A2.2: Gas jet diagnostics and injector tests with single-cylinder engine; WP A2.3: Building up of engines and validation vehicle; WP A2.5: Multi-cylinder engine tests on engine test bench; WP A2.6: System integration and final calibration of validator vehicle

Within SPB2

WP B2.1: Definition of the requirements to the exhaust aftertreatment system and definition of the boundary conditions; WP B2.2: Evaluation of selected catalyst formulations and development of control strategies for CH4 and NOx abatement; WP B2.3: Basic investigations for concept definition and catalyst investigations for model validation; WP B2.4: Development of a rich strategy for NOx abatement; WP B2.5: support for engine testing at AVL.
DAI is developer and manufacturer of CNG vehicles (Mercedes-Benz 2200 NGT). Within the NICE project (6th EC Framework Programme) a DI CNG engine was developed and investigated jointly with partners. DAI also has a long experience with the development of exhaust aftertreatment technologies and is already on the market with different systems like urea-SCR (BlueTec) for Euro4/5 Commercial Vehicle emission standards and recently with the innovative Lean NOx Trap (LNT) technology (BlueTec) in the E-class for fullfiling the stringent Tier2 standards in the US. In the last years DAI was coordinator and partner in different European projects dealing with exhaust aftertreatment and especially with the development of the Lean NOx Trap (LNT) and the particulate filter technologies (SNR, SORPTEC,Ahedat, COMET)
Within the Project the following key-persons will be involved:

Jean-Francois Gaudry: Design engineer, 20 years of experience in single and multi-cylinder engine layout and design (diesel, gasoline and gas engines)

Frank Otto: PhD in physics, 15 years of experience in combustion engine development (diesel, gasoline and gas engines)

Klaus Roessler: Mechanical engineer, test engineer, 25 years of experience in combustion engine development (diesel, gasoline and gas engines)

Michel Weibel: PhD in chemistry and catalysis, 22 years experience in catalysis and exhaust aftertreatment technologies (gasoline, diesel, CV, PC)

Rolf Wunsch: PhD in chemistry, 10 years experience in catalysis and chemical engineering (diesel, PC, CV)

NumberShort NameLegal NameCountry7SAPT (ex GMPT-S)SAAB Automobile Powertrain ABSV

Saab Automobile Powertrain AB is a subsidiary company of Saab Automobile AB

The Headquarters are located in Trollh舩tan Sweden.

SAPT is the supplier to Saab Automobile AB for drive lines and drive lines development. SAPT also take assignments from other OEM's and external customers as a development partner for engine and transmission development.

SAPT has 370 employees, all located in Trollh舩tan.

The main task for SAPT is to develop and verify an after treatment system for the SP A3 Ultra Lean Burn Engine.

SAPT has long experience in aftertreatment simulations, development and testing. During the GMPT period, SAPT acted as the European competence centre for aftertreatment systems.

The people involved in the InGas project are very experienced in car design and development.

NumberShort NameLegal NameCountry8GMPT-GGeneral Motors Powertrain Germany - GmbHDE

General Motors Powertrain - Europe (GMPT-E) is a part of General Motors Powertrain (GMPT).

European Headquarters is situated in Torino and the Global Headquarters in Pontiac (Michigan). GMPT-E has approximately 10 000 employees distributed on Engineering sites in Sweden, Italy, Germany and France and nine Manufacturing sites in six countries. Approximately 1.5 million engines and 1,1 million transmissions are produced yearly. GMPT-E has General Motors Europe as main Customer.
Legally Independent Country Organizations involved in this project are General Motors Powertrain Germany GmBH (GMPT-G) and General Motors Powertrain Sweden AB.
GMPT-G will be responsible for:

A3.1.3: Support to B1 regarding packaging, control and boundary conditions

A3.1.4: Based on the draft design of the powertrain a draft packaging design of the vehicle will be made;

A3.2.4: Package design of CNG engine and transmission into vehicle infrastructure.

A3.3.5: Set up functionalities for powertrain control.
GME, as vehicle developer/ manufacturer, and GMPT-E, as engine and transmission developer/manufacturer contributing the respective powertrains, are together one of the market leaders for CNG vehicles in Europe. The engine and vehicle technology carriers for the planned project are based on these products.
GMPT-E is developing base engine systems and performing the powertrain integration and calibration work for GME vehicle brands - e.g. Opel, Vauxhall, Saab - in Europe. This includes functional development with regard to customer vehicle usage as well as fuel consumption optimization and exhaust emission calibration.
The key people involved in the project are Achim Kigstein, CE Gas Technology/Lead ACE L850 Europ and Gnther Schlarb, Assistant Staff Engineer At their disposal they have the support from the GMPT organization that can contribute with staff and expertise relevant to the project.
NumberShort NameLegal NameCountry9GDF SUEZGDF SUEZFR

GDF SUEZ is a major energy player in Europe. GDF SUEZ is present across the entire energy value chain, in electricity and natural gas, upstream to downstream. GDF SUEZ purchases, produces, markets, transports, distributes natural gas and electricity, and also manages and develops major infrastructures for both energies. GDF SUEZ develops and markets energy and environmental services. GDF SUEZ Group buys and supplies the largest amounts of both natural gas and LNG in Europe. With its 196 500 employees, GDF SUEZ Group operates in all 5 continents around the world and realized more than 74 billion euros in net sales in 2007. It has a geographically diversified natural gas supply portfolio based on long-term contracts, partnerships with other suppliers, own resources and short-term transactions. GDF SUEZ Group operates the largest transmission and distribution systems in Europe and is second operator of underground storage sites and LNG terminals.

GDF SUEZ invests yearly approximately 80 million euros in natural gas related research projects in order to increase the performance of its businesses, make its offering more dynamic and forge its long-term competitiveness. R&D is involved throughout the gas chain and oriented in four main priorities: maintaining a high level of safety, ensuring economic performance for both GDF SUEZ and its customers, developing competitive advantages for the Group's activities and preparing the future to ensure sustainable development. Based on a approach that privileges partnerships with actors in every field of research, from the academic world, research institutes or industrial companies, the R&D Division gathers a wide range of competencies, in particular, in safety and reliability, materials and fluid mechanics, chemicals and combustion, industrial processes, environment, economics and new energy technologies.
In the field of Compressed Natural Gas (CNG), GDF SUEZ seeks to enhance market penetration by installing local refuelling facilities by introducing CNG as a fuel at public filling stations, and by realizing CNG filling stations for vehicle fleets located on private premises. On the basis of this staged concept, the company provides gas for numerous small vehicle fleets and some 1,500 natural gas-fuelled busses in France. GDF SUEZ also supports the development of efficient small refuelling facilities for private fleets in close contact with industrial partners. Furthermore, GDF SUEZ cooperates with vehicle manufacturers in the development of CNG vehicles.
Within the Project GDF SUEZ will be responsible for the following activities:

WP B0.1- Contribution on European natural gas fuel quality characterisation; provision of biogas input from FP6 BIOGASMAX project results

WP B0.2 - Engine 0D simulation of sensitivity to natural gas fuel characteristics: Adaptation and set up of an existing 0D CNG engine model from first experimental results performed in WP B0.4 on commercial engines; Simulation of a broader range of gases than the matrix defined in the WP B0.1 in order to validate and/or complete this matrix; Running of the simulation tool on the innovative engines studied in SP A1, A2 and (if possible) A3, comparison of the results with the experimental data gathered from the related SPs and extension of the range of simulation to any other relevant gases

Supporting activities and contributions for results assessing and project addressing within WP B0.4, WP B0.5- WP B0.6

GDF SUEZ studied the impact of natural gas quality on both CHP and NGV engines since 1995. by:

- Modelling: coupled with the experimental work, a thermodynamic model has been developed from a PhD achieved in 2004. It integrates an home-made combustion model able to show gas quality effects on fuel consumption and main pollutant emissions.

- Experiments: GDF SUEZ owns a unique engine test bench (operational since 2001) allowing to synthesize any gas composition through online continuous injection devices. Up to now, two government-supported programs were carried out on gas quality with Volvo Trucks (in 2003-2004) and PSA & Renault (in 2005).

- Grid gas quality: an internal database is being created in order to scale the variability of distributed natural gases.

Determination of European gas quality range will be carried out by senior engineer with long experience in natural gas utilisations (WP B0.1)

WTT analysis will be undertaken by an engineer with experience in the field of life cycle analysis (WP B0.1). Staff members in charge of the simulation aspects and experiment analysis are confirmed engineers with 2-3 year experience in gas-engine modelling and testing (WP B0.2, B0.4).

Other aspects including the following up ot the project will be achieved by a confirmed engineer with important experience in gas engines NGVs (WP B0.1, WP B0.5, B0.6)
NumberShort NameLegal NameCountry10IFPInstitut Fran軋is du P騁roleFR

IFP Engines & Energy is part of the IFP (Institut Fran軋is du P騁role), a research and development, education and training (the IFP School) and documentation centre. In the Engines and Energy domain, one of the main goals is to innovate and develop new clean and efficient engines, powertrains and fuels mainly for surface transport. IFP Engines and Energy domain has a technical staff over 200 people. A wide ensemble of tools are developed for knowledge and design. Computer codes cover from thermodynamic to 3 D modelling the intake, internal aerodynamics and combustion engine processes. System simulation package for components enable evaluation of new processes before construction. A set of 40 engine test beds equipped with advanced analysis apparatus are the base of the R&D experimental potential. IFP Engines and Energy domain is known as a specialist of questions related to engine-to-fuel optimisation which is a theme of growing importance in relation to pollutant emission and green house gas control 吐rom well to wheel

The industrial output of IFP Engines and Energy domain is achieved through contract research and development contracts with industries. IFP also promote the emergence and development of companies for the same purpose. In the precompetitive domain, IFP is very active to propose and participate in European and national co-operative programs (consortia) with universities and industries. IFP independent experts are often requested to participate to working groups at the national or the European levels.
Within SPA1 IFP will be mainly responsible for:

WP1: Support the base engine development in cooperation with CRF (compression ratio / piston bowl design optimisation in order to promote fast combustion with adapted in-cylinder flow motion (turbulence) with or without EGR); Hydrogen/Methane blend will be used on the test bench as combustion speed promoter.

WP2: IFP will contributed to a global optimisation of the engine air-path using dedicated in-house code, focusing the turbo-matching.

WP4 : Aftertreatment system development: IFP will carry out tests on test benches, to quantify the performance of the reference exhaust line. This will include H2/NG mixtures.

WP6 : IFP will be involved in the final calibration and assessment providing expertise
IFP is deeply involved in R&D activities focusing the optimal use of NG for 2-Wheels vehicle, passenger car and heavy-duty engines. Since many decades, IFP has gained skills helpful for the management of the combustion process and fuel-engine optimisation taking into account vehicle manufacturer's specification. Main expertise are related to: downsizing, NG direct injection, use of Hydrogen as combustion booster, NG hybrid vehicle. Furthermore, IFP is today able to develop demonstrator without any external support using our own engine and vehicle control unit (the PRIUS vehicle and the Smart FOrTwo highlight the recents IFP activities is this field).

The last participation of IFP in the CLEVER FP5 project has confirmed the high potential of collaborative involvment in such framework, in order to improve our knowledge and to share it. Since 2000, IFP has developped in collaboration with French partners 4 vehicles running with Natural Gas : Smart, Hybrid Smart, Prius, and Boxer.

Richard TILAGONE will be responsible for coordinating the technical activities at IFP: graduated from the mechanical French Engineer School 的NSA-Lyonin 1990, and IFP-School in 1991 in Powertrain domain, started at IFP in 1993 as research engineer. Since 2000, he is projects manager in the fields on the use of gaseous fuel as CNG and Low-NOx combustion for HD engine.
NumberShort NameLegal NameCountry11CNR-IMIstituto Motori CNR ITALIAIT

The Istituto Motori (IM) is one of the biggest Institute of Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR) and has the seat in the south of Italy, in Naples.

The CNR is a public organisation of great relevance in the field of scientific and technological research, its original institution goes back to the year 1923. The CNR has the legal status of a public organisation, and defines for itself autonomous rules and regulations, in accordance with the existing laws and the Civil Code.

The mission of the Istituto Motori is to improve continuously the basic knowledge of the fundamental physical and chemical processes occurring in engines, to continue the studentsformation interacting with the University, to enhance the capability of research application, to disseminate the research results by participating to workshops and meetings and, finally, to transfer results conducting joint projects with Government Agencies and Industries.

The scientific organisation consists of Experts Scientific Committee and of seven Divisions conducting interactive researches aimed at improving the knowledge on in-cylinder fundamental fluid dynamic and combustion phenomena, as well as at developing a new generation of engines burning conventional and alternative fuels to meet future emission standards.

The permanent staff of Istituto Motori is made up of 90 units, including 38 researchers together with technical research and administrative staff. Moreover, a systematic training of students is carried out with supervising a larger number of thesis of post-doc fellowships supported partially by CNR and Industry.

The activities of the Istituto Motori are enclosed in the WP3 of SPA1. The activities will be carried out on a 4-cylinder passenger car engine. The aim is to provide a support to the prototype engine development by means of experimental activities, focused on the comprehension of the combustion process when using NG/H2 blends and EGR, to improve engine efficiency, especially at part load. The activities will be carried out with a 4-cylinder passenger car engine.

To have a higher flexibility in experimental activities, the NG/H2 blends will be mixed 登n-lineduring the tests using two different cylinders for NG and H2. This allows to change the NG/H2 ratio to explore the related engine behaviour and then chose the optimal ratio to optimise performance and emissions. In the past the Istituto Motori has had a similar experience in preparing NG/N2 blends at different NG/N2 ratio varying the N2 amount in the blends.