The Importance of Africa to The World System After 9/11 Attacks: War on Terrorism or Integration for Sustainable Development

Constructivism; Social construction is a human consciousness and its role in international life. As such, constructivism rest on irreducibly inter-subjective dimension of human action; The capacity and will of people to take deliberate attitude towards the world and to lend it significance. This capacity gives rise to social facts or facts that depend on human agreement that they exist and typically require human institutions for their existence(money, property rights, sovereignty, democracy, marriages and valentine’s day for example which is different from nature like night and day). Constructivists contend that not only are identities and interests of actors socially constructed, but also that they must share the stage with a whole host of other ideational factors emanating from people as cultural beings. Constructivism emphasizes the role of ideas, social structures, and belief people can construct a better political humane universe than that described by realists. One constructivist realism in international affairs is the idea of identity with which a society or individual defines itself. No general theory of the social construction of reality is available to be borrowed from other fields and international relations constructivists have not as yet managed to formulate a fully fledged theory of their own. As a result, constructivism remains more of a philosophically and theoretically informed perspective on approach to the empirical study of international relations²⁸. (Gilpin 2001: 19), Emile Duckheim and Max Weber are considered among precursors of this theory. The constructivist approach insist on characters and concepts socially constructed and in analysing them, it interpret the principal concept of power from a critical methodology. It sees no distinction between the external and the internal systems. Constructivism spurs up two approaches, the neo utilitarian who want increase power and the constructivist who want a pro theoretical base. The privilege approach is the interpretative analysis that is one that seeks to find the sense that actors give to their actions, to understand why and by who a violent action is qualified war of liberation or as a terrorist act.