The ram rebellioneric Flint with Virginia DeMarce

Würzburg, February, 1634"As far as any leadership that I can see," Scott Blackwell said, "it's still fairly inchoate at this point. I mean, insofar as there is any visible leadership, it's come to be focused on Frankenwinheim. But that's largely because of the publicity stemming from the attack on Maydene, Estelle, and Willa back in December and our own propaganda. I don't have the vaguest idea who the real leader of this ram movement is—or who the leaders are, if they are multiple. Or where they are. And that, believe me, bothers me a lot.""At least," Johnnie F. Haun said, "we do pretty much know what they're thinking. Or, at least what they're putting out in pamphlets, what they want their followers to think. They have to have access to some pretty good printing press. Which means they, or some of them, at least, have to be somewhere that they can get paper. Somewhere that they can haul the paper in; haul the pamphlets out. The broadsides and placards are one thing, but not all the pamphlets. They have to be using a press in one of the cities. I just can't see some little village up in the hills producing those under the noses of the Amtmann and the constable. Not to mention under the nose of the priest. Not, at least, unless some fairly prominent people are in sympathy with the whole thing.""Is that the way it looks to you?" Scott asked."Not here in Würzburg, I'm sure of that," Johnnie F. answered.Steve Salatto raised his eyebrows. "Somewhere?""Over at Fulda, maybe. Orville thinks . . ."Steve motioned to Weckherlin. "That's Orville Beattie, the Fulda organizer for Johnnie F.'s `Hearts and Minds' team.""Thank you." Weckherlin nodded as he took notes."Orville thinks, but he can't prove it, that some of the monks from the abbey are backing the farmers. Not the important ones, so much—the nobles who are there because their families put them there. But the guys out in the rural regions, the provosts as they're called, who manage the farms and the estates, and see more of what the people have been put through these last couple of years. The invasion by the Hessians and all. Yeah, I know that the landgrave of Hesse is one of Gustavus Adolphus' allies, but his soldiers aren't any different from all the rest. Some of the provosts, at least, are sort of sympathetic to the desire of the people in the ram organization. To fight back, I mean. Against—well, against anyone who comes along to hassle them again."Weckherlin was frowning. But still taking notes.Johnnie F. felt a little guilty for not mentioning Frau Else Kronacher in Bamberg, but he wasn't a hundred percent sure it was her press being used by the ram. Just ninety-nine percent sure. If Scott and Vince had Stew look into it, that would cause trouble for her, and she had problems enough with those two boys. Not to mention that she did a lot of work for Stew and the rest of the Hearts and Minds team in Bamberg and it would be a nuisance for Stew to have to find another printer. And . . .He suspected he was just rationalizing his decision to keep quiet. But he figured if there did turn out to be a problem, he'd take care of it himself without bothering Steve and Scott. Chapter 8: "But you think that we are going to hell" Bamberg, February 1634It was a very small flock. Johann Matthaeus Meyfarth looked out at the fruits of his efforts to organize a Lutheran congregation. He proceeded through the liturgy. General prayer for the church. Collect for peace. Prayer for those whom God had placed in authority over his flock. Sacrament of the altar.In the afternoon, he wrote. Accompanied by more prayers. Propaganda pieces—many organizational in nature, but well salted with the theme of, "This isn't the time to settle your personal scores; hold that until after we have won. Then we can take our complaints through a fair judicial system in which we have a say."Propaganda for people who were preparing to revolt against those whom God had placed in positions of authority. Propaganda that might, if they heard it, hold the flock back from worse sins than simply demanding justice.Twelve Points. Twelve because of the echo of the Bundschuh that it raised. Shorter, much shorter, than the Twelve Articles of 1524. Some the same. Some different. Printed, circulated.The ram had asked him to do this. The ram, he had found, was guarding his flock. And himself. 1. There shall be complete separation of church and state, with no imperial knight, free lord, or other ruler, be he count or duke or king or emperor, having the right to dictate the conscience of his subjects;2. Catholic, Lutheran, and Calvinist parishes request the right to choose their ministers from a list of qualified men provided by the ecclesiastical authorities, which we know that the administration, because of the separation of church and state, cannot make the churches do, yet we ask it; we say that other religious groups tolerated by the civil governments may pick their own leaders by their own rules, however they set up their organization;3. All lords and imperial knights whose lands are enclaves within Franconia must permit their subjects to vote in the upcoming elections, saying that they themselves should have such a right to vote also;4. We demand the end of all vestiges of serfdom on private estates of imperial knights and lords as well as on those which escheated from the bishops and abbot to the administration of the New United States; specifically the ending of restrictions on movement, restrictions on the right to marry, death duties of the best beast and best garment, and compulsory labor services on the lord's own land, though we state that we are nonetheless willing to work the corvées when they are needed for the common good, as on the roads, fords and bridges, as is customary;5. We demand that local custom be respected in regard to inheritance rights of leases on farms and other rural property, with no requirement for partible or impartible inheritance, etc. being imposed from above;6. All towns in Franconia must open their citizenship to villagers, as long as they are of good repute and not criminals; citizens of Franconia and their families are to have freedom of movement and settlement anywhere within the territory administered by the State of Thuringia, whether city, market town, or village;7. Guilds in the towns and cities of Franconia must open training in skilled work to rural applicants and not exclude them on the grounds that they are dishonorable because they carry the taint of serfdom, for all vestiges of serfdom are abolished; guilds must permit widows to continue to operate their husband's business until such time as they marry, pass them on to an heir, or sell them, and make free choice of a buyer;8. Secondary education is to be open to all; Latin schools in the towns must provide recommended scholars from the village schools with Latin lessons and admit them as soon as they qualify to do the work required by a Latin school;9. Village-born persons must have the right to enter the service of the state and counties and be promoted as their education qualifies them, with no jobs reserved for the nobility or town patriciates;10. We demand a standardized coinage and currency, resulting in fair tax assessments, and we request the publication of a clear, easy to understand, tax code written in plain language, in order that we need not pay more than we owe because we are simple ignorant men. We also ask for the abolition of the tithes, being willing to pay fair compensation to those who have bought them and submit the adjudication of fair compensation to impartial arbitrators;11. We demand the end of internal tolls and tariffs, those imposed by the local lords and the imperial knights whose lands are enclaves within Franconia, saying that if such lords and knights are willing to become citizens of Franconia, they shall have all the rights of other men;12. We demand standardized weights and measures, so that it is less easy for the clever and cunning to cheat the simple and trusting, that a bushel may everywhere be a bushel and a tun everywhere a tun. Frankenwinheim, Franconia, February, 1634"It is safe for Pastor Meyfarth, I think," Old Kaethe said. "At least as safe as anything can be in these latter days. I am glad that Frau Else thought of her. Die alte Neideckerin."Constantin Ableidinger nodded. He tried to get back to Frankenwinheim on a regular basis. The villagers there were the closest thing he had to friends. He had finally, since his obligations to the ram had become so heavy, sent Matthias to the gymnasium in Coburg. The boy should be safe there. As safe, as Old Kaethe had said, as anyone could be in these latter days. But he missed his son. Since the remarkable episode of the three auditors, he had returned to Frankenwinheim twice."At least, in Bamberg, the ram's men can continue to keep an eye on Meyfarth." He tilted back on two legs of his stool and waved his stein at Old Kaethe."What do you think?" She poured his beer."I would have preferred, if possible, to keep religion out of it altogether. Since I can't, apparently, it's just as well that the religious points are being pushed by a rational man rather than by some visionary on the model of the 1536 Muensterites. Or by an uptimer such as this Herr Thornton. If he were writing this propaganda, as they call it, Fuchs von Bimbach and his followers would rejoice. As it is . . . Well, the radical demands of a century ago seem comparatively conservative in this day and age." He laughed. "Which may represent progress."Rudolph Vulpius stroked his goatee. "What about von Bimbach? He's the leader of the most intransigent of the knights and little nobles. I think we need to do something about him. What about the request that we have received from this Miss Noelle Murphy through the Hearts and Minds Team? Have you taken my suggestion seriously? That we should contact Judith Neideckerin? It's not the only possibility. I have ties to other people on the estates of various branches of the Fuchs family. Not amicable ties, necessarily, but ties."The villagers present looked at each other.Ableidinger, a comparative newcomer to Frankenwinheim, cleared his throat."In the days of my grandfather," Vulpius said, "there was a maid serving on their estates here in the Steigerwald. Children for whom the Freiherr of that day provided funds for education. A lease on favorable terms for the man the maid eventually married that set him up as one of the village's most prosperous tenants. An appointment as bailiff. The kind of thing that got a boy sent to school to the point he Latinized his name to Vulpius."Ableidinger grinned."Judith owes us," Old Kaethe insisted, refusing to let irrelevant history distract her from more immediate concerns. "We are the ones who took her out of Bamberg in 1628 and saw to it that she reached Bayreuth safely. Now that Pastor Meyfarth is living in her mother's house in Bamberg . . ."Her voice trailed off until a new grievance crossed her mind. "Not to mention that Pastor Schaeffer is over in Bimbach's castle serving as a chaplain since he left the village. And is suing to try to force us to continue paying his stipend on the grounds that he did not leave voluntarily . . ." Old Kaethe snorted. "I can't imagine that Judith Neideckerin likes Pastor Schaeffer. He's probably condemning her as a scarlet woman, sermon after sermon."Ableidinger chewed on his upper lip. "Did von Bimbach force her to become his mistress? Does she hold a grudge against him?""He made it plain that if she wanted him to continue providing her with a refuge from Bamberg's witch-hunters, he expected adequate compensation for the risk. Otherwise, if she valued her virtue too highly, she was quite free to return to her parents' house. That was at the height of the burnings.""She's good looking."Everyone jumped a little when Vulpius' grandson Tobias threw his opinion into the conversation."I've seen her. Hefty, but good looking. Clear skin and strong teeth.""Bimbach must feed her well enough, then," Old Kaethe said sourly.Ableidinger's mind wandered. What looked like "hefty" to a skinny teenager whose standard of comparison was Old Kaethe might look . . . well, "voluptuous" to a thickset middle-aged man like himself.He called his mind back to order. Clearly, he had remained a widower for too long."Her position is privileged, in a way." Vulpius waved his hand. "If it wasn't, there wouldn't be many advantages to contacting her. Not many advantages to us, that is. She has the freedom to go wherever she will in the castle. That doesn't mean that she has any affection for the Freiherr.""Practical of her," Ableidinger said."I doubt," Vulpius warned, "that she's given any thought to political theory. Or has any ideals about it." Frau Lydia Färber, although no longer a Frau Stadtraetin since the late councilman's death, was nonetheless still, by the standards of Bamberg after a decade of war, a well-to-do woman. She found a guide for Willard Thornton and paid him. In spite of the season, Willard alternated his time—a week in Bamberg, talking to the women there to whom Frau Färber had given copies of the Book of Mormon and sometimes to their friends; three weeks out in the countryside, distributing not only LDS literature but also Meyfarth's pamphlets.Both of the Thorntons rather liked Meyfarth. They had gotten to know one another pretty well since he and Willard walked into Bamberg together.While Willard was out in the villages, his wife Emma, who had to do a lot of studying about LDS history and such when she converted, wrote up a great deal of what she remembered about the church's organizational principles into pamphlets. Willard's friend Meyfarth translated those, adding sections on the best way to incorporate them into the existing structure of village Gemeinden, and sent them out into circulation within the ram movement as well.Meyfarth was a funny guy, Emma thought, so terribly serious and conscientious. He had taken at least an hour to talk about the fact that his personal liking for them did not in any way mean that he was endorsing their teachings, or even that he respected their teachings. "Only," he had insisted, "that I have come to see that if truth is to have a chance to prevail against error, then the civil authorities may not be given the right to suppress any one body of ideas. No, I do not respect your beliefs. If I respected them, I would join your church. I do respect your right to have and teach those beliefs."So anxious, he had been, as though he had expected them to order him to go away and never come back. "I do not respect your faith," he had continued. "I believe that it is contrary to biblical truth. Utterly contrary, utterly wrong. As Herr Blackwell would say, `wrong-headed.' But I respect that you honestly hold that faith. And, however reluctantly, I have come to accept that if the law forbids one variety of error, that of the papists, from forbidding us to teach the truth, then the same law must also prohibit us from forbidding the teaching of other errors, such as those of the Calvinists and Anabaptists. And that we, to gain the right of free teaching, must allow it as well. But . . .""But you think that we are going to hell." Willard had completed what Meyfarth clearly did not want to say."Well, yes. And I also make no claim that everyone else within Lutheranism shares my views. For which reason, if `We mean it' does not prevail, I may someday lose my head. But until that day . . . I am here."Emma also talked to Frau Färber's friends, and to other Bamberg women. When the weather was good enough, she handed out literature at the weekly market. Someone had replaced the booth that the friar had torn down the day that Willard was beaten. She winced. She did not like to think of what Willard's back had looked like when he came home after that happened.She even managed to give away some more copies of the Book of Mormon. Not to mention many, many, copies of the abbreviated edition of Robert's Rules of Order. Emma had run out of that. Meyfarth had said with great seriousness that the ram would find funds to reprint it. Or, possibly, the ewe.When he showed her the ram literature, with Brillo, not to mention the caricature of Veleda Riddle as Ewegenia, symbol of the Franconian League of Women Voters, Emma practically went into hysterics.Until Meyfarth introduced her to some of the men. And said that Willard's guide through the villages was one of them; that others remained here in Bamberg to keep watch over her, and over Frau Färber. And, Meyfarth said with a rather shamed face, over him. Although he was a Lutheran minister and should not, properly, be involved in such matters.He also introduced her to the ewe. Else Kronacher, a printer's widow. And to Frau Else's daughter Martha, a formidable young woman in her mid-twenties. Meyfarth seemed more than a little in awe of her.Frau Else, Meyfarth explained, had taught the ram rebellion an object lesson in the importance of careful proof-reading. When the Twelve Points went to the printer, only the first half of the seventh point ha

been in the text. Frau Färber, however, had taken it to her friend. Being the widow of a printer, Frau Kronacher was currently locked in battle with the guild. She had two sons, Melchior and Otto, seventeen and fifteen, as well as the daughter; she wished to run the business using journeymen as employees until her sons became masters. The guild master insisted that she must marry her daughter off now, to a journeyman ready to become a master and take the shop over immediately, thus excluding the woman's sons for the lifetime of their brother-in-law. Oddly, the guild master had a third son who met the qualifications his father was demanding.When the bales of broadsides came back from Frau Kronacher, they contained the second part of point seven. No one else—well, no one except Fräulein Martha, who had typeset the lines—had noticed until after they had been distributed."And thus," Meyfarth said a little ruefully, "with such great foresight and planning, our revolutions are made." Würzburg, mid-February, 1634"It's an odd batch of demands," Saunders Wendell said.The administration had met to discuss the Twelve Points. Every broadside and brochure they had collected, inside Franconia and out, included them."And if you ignore the numbering," he continued, "they've included more than twelve different ones.""For a down-time piece of writing, though," David Petrini said, "it's amazingly succinct."They looked at the various versions. Most started with the standard Twelve Points. Some went on and on, to specify local grievances, although mostly those were ones that had been collected "out"—over in Bayreuth, down in Ansbach, in various villages belonging to Reichsritter and various independent Protestant lords who were exempt from the administration's control. Even some from Nürnberg's hinterland.The subjects of the Freiherr Fuchs von Bimbach had thought of sixty-three points, some of them very specific, involving the allotment of hay mowed in the upper meadows and the annual worth of the acorns consumed in the Freiherr's forests by his subjects' hogs. All of which they announced themselves quite willing to take all the way to the imperial supreme court for adjudication."Fox from Bimbo?" someone asked.Everyone else pretended not to have heard. The general impression that they drew from the sixty three points was that the subjects of the Freiherr von Bimbach were not happy campers this Anno Domini 1634. However, he was Protestant, and out of their jurisdiction, having most of his estates as an enclave over to the east of Bamberg, surrounded by those of the margrave of Brandenburg-Bayreuth."The emphasis on education in Latin and access to secondary education. Are those really all that important to the farmers?" Estelle Colburn was frowning at her copy."It doesn't strike me as quite the ringing revolutionary cry of `to the barricades' with which Gretchen Richter has been trying to inspire the Committees of Correspondence," Anita agreed. "`Admit our sons to the civil service' doesn't have quite the same effect in grabbing the reader's attention as, `Workers of the world, unite! You have nothing to lose but your chains.'""But they do go into the civil service, if they can, Anita," her husband Steve pointed out. "I talked to Count Ludwig Guenther's chancellor before we came down here, way back. He's the son of a farmer from one of the count's villages. His father sent him to school because the pastor recommended it; he went into the count's service straight out of the University of Jena and climbed right up the ladder. That's not so unusual. Along with being a priest, it's just about the only path to social mobility around, for a farm family, given how the towns and the guild trades freeze them out.""Gretchen's grandma, maybe," Maydene Utt said.Everyone else at the table stared at her. This comment seemed to be coming out of left field.Maydene persisted. "Ronnie Dreeson has students from Jena talking conversational Latin to the toddlers at the St. Veronica's schools. I think she's got pretty much the same idea.""Thought I heard a few echoes of what you and Willa were doing last fall, in the tax stuff," David Petrini interjected.All three of the auditors pointedly ignored him."Gretchen Richter isn't writing this stuff. I don't think that anyone involved with the Committees is writing this stuff," Johnnie F. said. "The CoCs really haven't spread much in Franconia, except in some of the industrial towns. There are Committees in Suhl and Schmalkalden and Schleusingen. The honest truth is, though, that they don't have much interest in the farmers. They're focusing on the cities—places where they can get hold of good-sized audiences all at once, not country villages where maybe they get a half-dozen or a dozen.""It sure isn't what Spartacus is writing. It's not intellectual, analytical stuff. The style is way different, too. They aren't even plagiarizing him," Dave Stannard added. "The Twelve Points aren't like the Brillo Broadsides or the Common Sense pamphlets, either. The author has his own agenda.""Where is it coming from, then?" Maydene asked."Some of the points, from the farmers themselves," Johnnie F. said. "Like, `don't try to tell us how to divide our property when we die.' The rest . . .""There are two kinds of revolutions," Dave Stannard interrupted. "The `down with the system' revolutions. Those are really hard to handle. Especially when the people in them don't know for sure what they want to put in place of what they have. Then the `let us into the system' revolutions. Those are a bit more manageable, generally, and that seems to be, mostly, what we've got here. A lot of the rest of the points, I think, from talking to the Amtmaenner and people out in the villages who are working on the voter registration lists, are what our old friend Meyfarth thinks would be good for them.""Meyfarth!" Scott Blackwell choked on his coffee.Johnnie F. cleared his throat. "Stew says . . ."Steve motioned to Weckherlin again. "Stewart Hawker, Johnnie F.'s counterpart over in Bamberg."Weckherlin nodded."Stew says that he's churning out the propaganda pamphlets, apparently spending all night writing with both hands at once, plus songs and poems and talking points and," he grinned, "getting a lot of help from Emma Thornton. So you can put that in your pipe and smoke it."Steve looked warily at Maydene, Willa, and Estelle. "Don't tell me," he said, "that Emma Thornton is a member of . . ."The three of them chanted together, "the Grantville League of Women Voters."Willa added, "So's Liz.""Liz who?" Weckherlin asked."Liz Carstairs. Her sister-in-law. Was Mike Stearns's chief of staff; now Ed Piazza's. You must know her." Georg Rodolf Weckherlin looked down at his notes to disguise a wince. Were all these uptimers related to one another? How could a person possibly keep track of it? He doubted that he would ever forget his first encounter with that, that . . . creature who sat in the anteroom of the SoT's president. She was not an Araminta. Nor an Ariadne. Nor any of the other nymphs who populated love poems. His job required him to exchange correspondence with her regularly. It was not his favorite activity. No one short of a dowager empress should be so self-confident. Certainly not that woman. She was, really, only the wife of a small town guildsman who belonged to a heterodox religious sect.At least, he had known enough to treat her with outward respect. He had been warned about her already in Magdeburg, before he took the letter of recommendation to Grantville. Which meant that he owed a big favor to Graf August von Sommersburg. A very big one which, undoubtedly, the count realized. And would, someday, call in. Dealing with these uptimers could be a touchy business.