The Renaissance and Reformation History

Faculty- Management
Speciality-Economics and Management
Group-7623A
Subject-English
Topic- Mikayil Mushfiq
Teacher- Meytihkhanli Kamala
Student- Budagov Elgun
Mikayil Mushfiq (full name: Mikayil Abdulgadir oglu Ismayilzadeh; June 5, 1908, Baku - January 6, 1938, Baku) — Azerbaijani poet, translator and pedagogue, member of the Azerbaijan Writers' Union (1934), former editor of "Azernashr".
He is one of the poets who played a major role in the development of Azerbaijani poetry. He is the author of many poems praising love and beauty. His poems also expressed ideas on social and cultural issues. He was a victim of Stalin's repression and was shot in 1938. On May 23, 1956, he was acquitted after his death according to the decision of the Military Board of the Supreme Court of the USSR.
Vital
Mikayil Mirza Abdulgadir oglu Ismayilzadeh (Mikayil Mushfiq) was born on June 5, 1908 in Baku city in an intellectual family.
His father Mirza Abdulgadir Ismayilzadeh (Vusaqi) was one of the well-known intellectuals of his time. In addition to teaching, he was also engaged in creativity and wrote poems. Mushfiq, who lost his parents as a child, grew up under the care of his close relatives. The poet, who had a difficult and unhappy childhood, remembered those years of his life and wrote:
While my father's life was difficult, my mother and father died when I was still a child. I stayed with my stonecutter uncle and aunt as an orphan. I spent a hungry, lazy, naked childho
His grandmother Qizgayit Khanum's great efforts helped Mushfiq grow up and become a poet. The fairy tales, proverbs, old sayings told by his grandmother played an important role in introducing the future poet to rich folk creativity.
Mushfiq, who received his primary education in a Russian-Azerbaijani school, showed a great interest in humanitarian sciences, and also learned the Russian language perfectly.
Creative activity
Mushfiq came to the world of creativity from a very young age, tied his life and destiny with poetry and did not leave it until the end of his life. He started his poetic creativity in 1926 with the poem "Today" published in the newspaper "Ganj shargi" and in the following years he appeared regularly in periodicals. .Since 1927, it has been published in "Education and culture" and "Komsomol" magazines and in "Ganj tara" newspaper. In 1930, the poet's first book of poems called "Winds" was published. Fifty-three poems and two translations of the author are collected in the book.
The year 1932 was fruitful in Mushfiq's life, the books "Sounds of the Day", "Vurushmalar", "Cotton", "Between the Curls", followed by "Poems", "Shepherd", "My Friend", "Morning" one after the other. , "Sındirılan saz", "Azadlig dastanı", "Burug man" works were published. In 1934, he was elected a member of the Union of Writers of Azerbaijan.
A real teacher, a real patriot, Mushfiq made room for children in his creativity and created beautiful works. "Shengul, Şungul, Mangul", "Peasant and Snake", poems in verse, "Battles", "Rock", "Geography", "School East", "For Zahra" and other poems have brought great love to the poet among children.
Literary translation activity also had a special place in Mikayil Mushfig's creativity. In 1930-1937, he translated Alexander Pushkin's "Gypsy" (together with Sh. Abbasov), Taras Shevchenko's "Kobzar" (together with Ahmad Javad), Yegishe Charens' "Poems", Samuil Marshak's "Look unconscious, unconscious", Mirza Fatali Akhundov The works "Eastern Poem to the Death of A.S. Pushkin" were published. In addition, Mushfiq wrote Mikhail Lermontov's poem "Demon" (together with Rasul Rza), "Caucasus" (together with Mikayil Rafili), "To the Death of a Poet", "Tenha yelken Agari", "Tatiana's Letter to Onegin" from A. S. Pushkin's verse novel "Eugene Onegin". "nu (together with R. Rza), a part of the work "Poltava", the poem "Prisoner", most of the rubai of Omar Khayyam, some parts of Ferdowsi's "Shahname" (together with Mirmehdi Seyidzade) and won the appreciation of the readers as an excellent translator. .
In 1936, Mikayil Mushfig's poem "Morning" was awarded the "Seven good literary works" prize in the competition held on the occasion of the 15th anniversary of the establishment of Soviet power in Azerbaijan. In the book "Chağlayan" published in 1937, the poet wrote his most valuable works during his eleven years of work, including "Morning", "Azadlig Dastanı", "Sındırılan Saz", "Song of Eternity", "My Poem", "Yene O bag olaydi", "Emotional leaves", "Songs of Tartarhes", "Mingachevir longing" and other poems and poems, but the poet was not lucky enough to publish the book.
But the dark clouds were approaching. Sharp critical articles full of insults and slander about Mushfiq began to appear in the press. The pure-hearted poet was very impressed by all this. At the next plenum of writers, M. Mushfiq was branded a counter-revolutionary. M. Mushfiq was arrested on June 4, 1937 at his home. He was accused of being a member of a counter-revolutionary national organization, of being aware of preparations for an armed uprising against the Soviet government.
The poet, who returned late from a meeting with his readers the night before his arrest, rushed to Dilbar, who was waiting for him at home, and did not pay attention to the black car parked nearby. After Mushfiq entered his apartment, the doorbell rang... The people who came did not let M. Mushfiq even say goodbye to his relatives.
On January 5, 1938, the 20-minute court session of the military field panel of the Supreme Court of the USSR decided to shoot M. Mushfig. The sentence was executed a few hours later - on the night of January 6.
They say that he did not believe in his death until the last hours of his life. His wife, Mrs. Dilbar, remembers that during their last meeting in prison, Mushfiq tried to hide his feelings before his death and said: "Don't worry. Sooner or later, everything will become clear. You will know that we were not guilty of anything...".
After about 20 years, the country recovered from the horror of the personality cult, and the famous writers of Azerbaijan appealed to reconsider the work of M. Mushfiq.
On May 23, 1956, according to the decision of the military board of the Supreme Court of the USSR, Ismayilzadeh, son of Mikayil Abdulgadir, was acquitted.
Of course, none of the writers and poets who were carried away by the storm of repression had prepared an armed uprising. But the big truth is that they tasted the joy of freedom during the short period of the Azerbaijan People's Republic and wished for the independence of the Motherland. Their dreams came true after half a century.
An example of a poem by Mikayil Mushfiq:
in Azerbaijani