The Sixteen Rules of Esperanto Grammar

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The Sixteen Rules of 
Esperanto Grammar
comm ented by Don Harlow
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Copyright Notice
This m aterial is copyright © 1 995 by Donald J. H arlo w. Ha rd co pies m ay be m ade for pe rsonal use only.
Any user m ay m ake one electronic copy for personal use only. All copies must contain this copyright
notice, includ ing th e date given below. N o electron ic co py m ay be loc ate d elsewh ere for pu blic ac cess.
Links to th is orig inal c opy on the W orld W ide W eb are encoura ged. Ple ase re sp ect th e conditions of this
copyright notice; I sim ply don't want to have various unofficial (and perhaps not up-to-date) copies floating
arou nd elsew he re. Da te: 199 5.09.11. 
[Edits noted in [square brackets], as well as other headings and form attin g by Doug Big ham , 2005, for L IN
31 2.]
[NO TE: T he Swad esh vocab ulary list (ab ove) con tains a n Espe ranto colum n.]
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The Rules
1. Articles
2. Nouns
3. Adjectives
4. Numerals
5. Pronouns
6. Verbs
7. Adverbs
8. Prepositions
9. Pronunciation
10. Accent
11. Compound Words
12. Negatives
13. Direction
14. The Multipurpose Preposition
15. Borrowing Words
16. Elision
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In the following, [(parenthesized)] expressions are [Harlow's] interpolations. Indented
notes are commentary by [Harlow]. EXAMPLES are introduced by [Harlow], and are as
shown. 
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