They have been created with a read to serve primarily the agricultural areas of India with basic banking and monetary services

During the period of survey the bank officials enquired the borrowers about the end-utilization visit and their responses were furnished Table: 6.17.11 End Utilization Visit by Bank Officials (Nos Visit No. ACL No. AGL No. ADL No. SSIL No. RTL No. SEL No. Total Nil 33 185 6 6 27 18 275 Once 64 -- 51 3 39 36 193 Twice 64 - 45 57 46 51 263 More than twice 28 - 18 27 15 31 119 Total 189 185 120 93 127 136 850 Source: Primary data The data in table 7.1.11 showed that the borrowers reported there was no end utilization visit by the bank officials in the case of agricultural and gold loan. About 22.90 per cent of the borrowers reported that the officials visited only once. In 33.60 per cent of the cases, the officials made two visits and in 11.00 per cent cases, more than twice visits were reported. Thus, except for the agricultural gold loan, the bank officials made frequent end utilization visits.
From the foregoing analysis it is evident that the majority of the borrowers are satisfied with the operations of the Telangana Grameena Bank in its command area. 6.17.2 The opinions of the sample branch managers about the functioning on different aspects of the bank are provided in the following paragraphs. 6.17.2.1 Deposit Mobilization Deposit mobilization is the basic function of the commercial banks. The growth of deposits reflects a greater degree of the banking development.
The Telangana Grameena Bank have made an impressive show in deposit mobilization, since their inception. In this context, an enquiry is made among the sample bank branch managers to reveal the various incentives provided by them to tap the deposits of its command area. Table 6.17.2.1 Different Approaches for Deposit Mobilization by the Bank S.No.
Methods Priority 1 Visiting local people I 2 Educated rural people about the advantage of depositing II 3 Implementation of suitable schemes III 4 Participation in local activities IV 5 Wide publicity of schemes V Source: Primary data The data on the different approaches for deposit mobilization of the selected bank in the sample area of the study is presented in table It can be viewed from the data in the table that visiting local people's residences and offices, etc.,
is the main approach adopted for the mobilization of the deposits. Further, educating rural people about the merits of depositing in the bank, stands second, followed by the introduction of suitable schemes, participation in local activities and wide publicity of schemes, etc., are also adopted by canvassing for deposits stood in third and fourth stages.
It is also reported that the collection of data about people who are selling properties, retiring from services, etc., are also approached for the deposit mobilization. 6.17.2.2 Hurdles for Deposit Mobilization Out of the 150 bank employees responded, 124 are able to achieve the deposit mobilization targets and 26 could not to do so.
When those branch managers were asked about what was the main obstacle in deposit mobilization from the public in the selected area, they expressed their views which are presented. Table 6.17.2.2 Hurdles faced by the Bank officials for Deposit Mobilization from the Public S.No. Hurdles for deposit mobilization from the public Priority 1 Competition from other commercial and co-operative Banks I 2 Existence of private and other financial institutions II 3 Habits of rural people III 4 No provision for taping NRI deposits IV 5 Economic backwardness of the area and poor infra structure facilities V Source: Primary data Above depict that the competition from other commercial and co-operative banks for deposit mobilization is the main reason pointed out for not achieving deposit mobilization targets. The second hurdle is the existence of private and other financial institutions that give high rate of interest for deposits.
The third hurdle quoted is the habits of rural people. The saving habits are yet to taken place among them. The RRBs are not permitted to receive the NRI deposits which are also pointed out by the managers as one of the hurdles for deposit mobilization during the period of study. Finally, the economic backwardness of the area of study and poor infrastructure facilities are also cited as major hurdles for deposit mobilization.
All these reasons can be overcome by the RRBs through the conduct of 'Loan Melas' and 'Awareness Camps', etc. 6.17.2.3 Identification of Eligible Borrowers The success of any loan scheme depends on how the banks can identify the eligible borrowers. In this connection, the branch managers are asked to explain the different methods adopted by them to identify the eligible borrowers and their views are presented in the Table. Table: 6.17.2.3 Views expressed by the Bank employees on Identification of Eligible Borrowers S.No.
Methods of identification of Borrowers Priority 1 Visiting the borrowers' residence I 2 Collecting information from local sources II 3 Collecting information from fellow banks III Source: Primary data The data in table 8.14 presents that the first priority method to identify the eligible borrowers is visiting the borrowers' residence.
The second important method is collecting information from local sources and finally, obtaining information from the sister-banks. It is observed that collecting information from local sources, like village heads, friends about the credit worthiness of the borrower is a great boon to the RRBs 6.17.3. Reasons for Overdue A bank is not a philanthropic organization for granting loans freely to the people.
It is a business organization dealing in accepting money, granting interest on deposits from its customers and lending money to the needy at a fixed rate of interest for a stipulated period. The borrowers are required to return the principal amount together with interest as per the repayment schedule. But, some of the borrowers could not repay the loan in time, which will lead to overdue. The causes of overdue are believed to be manifold.
It would be a fruitful exercise, if these causes are sorted out and analyzed with this end-objective in view. Table 6.17.3.1 Views expressed by the Bank employees about the Reasons for over dues S.No. Reasons for over dues Priority 1 Diversion of income generated from the activity for other purpose I 2 Insufficient farm/business incomes II 3 Advice of political parties III 4 Willful default by the parties IV Source: Primary data The information in table 8.15 conveys that the diversion of income generated from the activity financed to other purpose is the main reason for overdue.
Besides, the insufficient farm/business income is equally cause of concern for the overdue on loan repayment. Since, overdue is a vexing problem to the banks, they follow different methods to recover the loan lent out. When the managers are asked about the steps taken for recovery, they argued that personal contacts with the parties are given the first preference.
Secondly, sending letters to the parties reminding them of due date of their loan repayment. The revenue recovery and filing are also practiced in certain situations. The bank faces a number of difficulties in recovering the overdue amount from the parties. The first difficultly pointed out by the managers are lack of co-operation from Government side.
Secondly, it is argued that the existing laws are inadequate to effect speedy recovery of the overdue amounts. Some managers pointed out that the advice of political parties to the borrowers for not repaying the loan, as a main difficulty for collection of loan installments. These politicians advise the borrowers not to repay the loan as the Government is waiving all loans very soon 6.17.3.2
Awareness of Rural People about the Different Loan Programmes When the managers are enquired about whether their borrowers are aware of the different loan schemes implemented by the bank, they expressed the following opinions as given in Table Table: 6.17.3.2 Awareness of Loan Programmes of the Bank Borrowers and the opinion of Bank employees Particulars Number of Employees Percentage Very poor 18 12 Poor 52 34.7
Fair 48 32 Good 32 21.3 Very Good 0 Total 150 100 Source: Primary data From the above data in can be observed that 34.7 per cent opined borrowers are blessed with poor awareness and 32 per cent expressed as fair. Further, about 21.3 per cent of the employees felt that the borrowers had good knowledge about the various loan schemes.
Only 12 per cent of the bank employees felt that the awareness of rural people about different loan programmes was very poor. 6.17.3.3 Financing Non-Target Group Rural Regional Banks are set-up to finance the target group of rural people which included small and marginal farmers, agricultural labourers, artisans, small entrepreneurs, small businessman, etc.
Recently, there has been a great demand from different angles to permit RRBs to finance non target group like large-scale and hi-tech industries as well, in a limited way. When the selected managers are enquired about this problem, they expressed their opinions as given in Table Table 6.17.3.3 Financing Non-Target Group Business by the Rural Regional Banks Decision of the Employees Number of Bank employees Percentage Agreed 119 79.3 Disagreed 31 20.7
Total 150 100.0 Source: Primary data Above table depict that 79.30 per cent of the selected Bank Branch employees agreed to finance the non-target group, whereas 20.70 per cent of the employees did not agree to finance the non target group.
Those who agreed to finance the non-target group customers argued that it is the only way to make Rural Regional Banks viable now. It is also argued that catering to the non-target group customers would help in easy deposit and resource mobilization. Those who did not agree argued that by financing non-target group, the very purpose of establishment of RRBs i.e.,
reaching the banking to the neglected shall be defeated. 6.18 Other Aspects The managers are also asked whether they have enough discretionary powers to disburse the loan according to the requirements of their command area. They opined that the loan sanctioning power of non-agricultural sector needs enhancement. At present, all those loans above Rs.4,00.000 are to be referred to the Head Office for sanction.
It is also suggested by some of the branch managers that renewals of loans already sanctioned by the Head Office should be permitted at branch level itself without seeking sanction from the Head Office repeatedly. It is also pointed out that due to the implementation of Service Area Approach Programmes, the designated branch should assist all categories of customers in the service area. The RRBs should not be an exception to this, as this will reduce the business of RRB branches.
To make the development programmes successful managers suggested that the government should involve bank officials also in identifying and selecting the borrowers in the case of Government sponsored schemes. 7.ANOVA Table: 7..1 One way Farmers perception of Banking services Service factors in Bank N Mean Std. Deviation Std. Error Farmers Perception of banking services 850 3.9521 .31087 .01662 Service Quality 850 3.7936 .31344 .01675 Performance 850 3.7006 .33110 .01770 Farmers Satisfaction of Banking Services 850 3.5441 .37240 .01991 ANOVA Service factors in Bank Sum of Squares DF Mean Square F Sig.
Farmers Perception of banking services Between Groups .504 1 .504 4.959 .026 Within Groups 70.900 698 .102 Total 71.404 699 Service Quality Between Groups .273 1 .273 3.062 .041 Within Groups 62.322 698 .089 Total 62.595 699 Performance Between Groups 21.895 1 21.895 228.959 .000 Within Groups 66.748 698 .096 Total 88.643 699 Customer Satisfaction of Banking Services Between Groups 38.007 1 38.007 311.820 .000 Within Groups 85.079 698 .122 Total 123.086 699 H0: There is no significant mean difference between the Service factors in Banks and selection of the bank H1: There is a significant mean difference between the Service factors in Banks and selection of the bank The above table shows Farmers Perception of banking services average mean is 3.9521, and Standard deviation is .31087, Service Quality of Banking Services average mean 3.7936, and Standard deviation is.
28342 Performance of Banking Services average mean of 3.7006, and Standard deviation is .33110, Customer Satisfaction of Banking Services average mean 3.5441, and Standard deviation is .37240. From the Anova table F-values are 4.959, 3.062, 228.959, 311.820 and p values are .026, .041, .000..000 which is <0.05 level of significance, hence reject the null hypothesis and conclude that there is a significant mean difference between the Service factors in Banks and selection of the bank Table: 7.2 One way Descriptive Gender and service factor Service factors in Banks N Mean Std. Deviation Std.
Error Consumer's Perception of banking services Male 554 3.9765 .32682 .01389 Female 146 3.9878 .29154 .02413 Total 700 3.9789 .31961 .01208 Service Quality of Banking Services Male 554 3.8148 .29779 .01265 Female 146 3.8076 .30569 .02530 Total 700 3.8133 .29925 .01131 Performance of Banking Services Male 554 3.8702 .36605 .01555 Female 146 3.9048 .31521 .02609 Total 700 3.8774 .35611 .01346 Customer Satisfaction of Banking Services Male 554 3.7806 .41233 .01752 Female 146 3.7641 .44748 .03703 Total 700 3.7771 .41963 .01586 ANOVA Service factors in Banks Sum of Squares DF Mean Square F Sig. Farmers Perception of banking services Between Groups .015 1 .015 .144 .704 Within Groups 71.389 698 .102 Total 71.404 699 Service Quality of Banking Services Between Groups .006 1 .006 .066 .797 Within Groups 62.589 698 .090 Total 62.595 699 Performance of Banking Services Between Groups .138 1 .138 1.090 .297 Within Groups 88.505 698 .127 Total 88.643 699 Farmers Satisfaction of Banking Services Between Groups .031 1 .031 .179 .673 Within Groups 123.055 698 .176 Total 123.086 699 H0: There is no significant mean difference between the Service factors in Banks and gender difference H1: There is a significant mean difference between the Service factors in Banks and gender difference The above table shows Consumer's Perception of banking services average mean of male 3.9765 and standard deviation.32682, female mean average 3.9878and standard deviation is .29154 Service Quality of Banking Services average mean of male 3.8148 and standard deviation.32682, female mean average 3.9878 and standard deviation is .29779, Performance of E-Banking Services average mean of average mean of male 3.8702 and standard deviation..36605, female mean average 3.9048 and standard deviation is .31521, Customer Satisfaction of E-Banking Services average mean of male 3.7641 and standard deviation.41233, female mean average 3.7771 and standard deviation is .41963. From the Anova table F-values are .144, 0.66, 1.090, 0.179 and p values are .705, .797, .297, .673 which is >0.05 level of significance, hence accept the null hypothesis and conclude that there is no significant mean difference between the Service factors in Banks and gender difference 7.3 One way Descriptive Qualification and service factor Service factors in Banks N Mean Std. Deviation Std.
Error Consumer's Perception of banking services S.S.C. 63 3.9506 .29919 .03769 Inter 90 3.8753 .35795 .03773 Graduate 144 4.0085 .31098 .02591 P.G and above 403 3.9959 .31292 .01559 Total 700 3.9789 .31961 .01208 Service Quality of Banking Services S.S.C. 63 3.8267 .38402 .04838 Inter 90 3.7750 .30432 .03208 Graduate 144 3.8212 .29663 .02472 P.G and above 403 3.8170 .28420 .01416 Total 700 3.8133 .29925 .01131 Performance of Banking Services S.S.C. 63 3.7413 .38338 .04830 Inter 90 3.8800 .32018 .03375 Graduate 144 3.9465 .36774 .03064 P.G and above 403 3.8734 .34986 .01743 Total 700 3.8774 .35611 .01346 Customer Satisfaction of Banking Services S.S.C. 63 3.6896 .45383 .05718 Inter 90 3.7444 .40883 .04309 Graduate 144 3.7662 .39502 .03292 P.G and above 403 3.8020 .42403 .02112 Total 700 3.7771 .41963 .01586 ANOVA Service factors in Banks Sum of Squares DF Mean Square F Sig.
Consumer's Perception of e-banking services Between Groups 1.258 3 .419 4.161 .006 Within Groups 70.146 696 .101 Total 71.404 699 Service Quality of E-Banking Services Between Groups .158 3 .053 .586 .624 Within Groups 62.437 696 .090 Total 62.595 699 Performance of E-Banking Services Between Groups 1.863 3 .621 4.979 .002 Within Groups 86.781 696 .125 Total 88.643 699 Customer Satisfaction of E-Banking Services Between Groups .846 3 .282 1.606 .187 Within Groups 122.240 696 .176 Total 123.086 699 H0: There is no significant mean difference between the Service factors in Bank and Educational Qualification H1: There is a significant mean difference between the Service factors in Bank and Educational Qualification The above table shows Farmers Perception of banking services average mean of SSC 3.9506 and standard deviation .29919, Inter mean average 3.8753 and standard deviation is .35795, Graduate average mean is 4.0085, standard deviation .31098, PG mean average is 3.9959, and standard deviation .31292.Service Quality of Banking Services average mean of SSC 3.8267 and standard deviation .38402, Inter mean average 3.7750 and standard deviation is .32018, Graduate average mean is 3.8212, standard deviation .29663, PG mean average is 3.8170, and standard deviation .28420, Performance of Banking Services average mean of SSC 3.7413 and standard deviation .38338, Inter mean average 3.7444and standard deviation is .40883, Graduate average mean is 3.7662, standard deviation .39502 PG mean average is 3.8734, and standard deviation .34986, Customer Satisfaction of Banking Services average mean of SSC 3.6896 and standard deviation .45383, Inter mean average 3.7750 and standard deviation is .32018, Graduate average mean is 3.8212, standard deviation .29663, PG mean average is 3.8020, and standard deviation .42403. From the Anova table F-values are 4.161, 0.586, 4.979, 1.606 and p values are .006,.624,.187 which is >0.05 level of significance, hence accept the null hypothesis and conclude that there is no significant mean difference between the Service factors in Banks and educational qualification where as Performance of E-Banking Services p vale is .002 which is <0.05 stage of importance, as a result reject the null speculation and conclude that there is considerable imply difference with this factor. Table: 7.4
One way Descriptive Age And Service factors in Bank Service factors in Banks N Mean Std. Deviation Std. Error Farmers Perception of banking services 21 - 30 381 4.0131 .30202 .01547 31 - 40 237 3.9559 .33276 .02162 41 - 50 62 3.8530 .35353 .04490 Above 50 20 3.9889 .27431 .06134 Total 700 3.9789 .31961 .01208 Service Quality of Banking Services 21 - 30 381 3.7972 .30384 .01557 31 - 40 237 3.8390 .29904 .01942 41 - 50 62 3.7930 .26211 .03329 Above 50 20 3.8792 .31236 .06985 Total 700 3.8133 .29925 .01131 Performance of Banking Services 21 - 30 381 3.8669 .35416 .01814 31 - 40 237 3.9101 .35508 .02307 41 - 50 62 3.8726 .35305 .04484 Above 50 20 3.7050 .37902 .08475 Total 700 3.8774 .35611 .01346 Customer Satisfaction of Banking Services 21 - 30 381 3.7641 .41555 .02129 31 - 40 237 3.7862 .43001 .02793 41 - 50 62 3.7832 .43311 .05501 Above 50 20 3.9000 .32424 .07250 Total 700 3.7771 .41963 .01586 ANOVA Service factors in Banks Sum of Squares DF Mean Square F Sig. Farmers Perception of banking services Between Groups 1.555 3 .518 5.166 .002 Within Groups 69.849 696 .100 Total 71.404 699 Service Quality of Banking Services Between Groups .367 3 .122 1.367 .252 Within Groups 62.228 696 .089 Total 62.595 699 Performance of Banking Services Between Groups .891 3 .297 2.357 .071 Within Groups 87.752 696 .126 Total 88.643 699 Farmers Satisfaction of Banking Services Between Groups .389 3 .130 .735 .531 Within Groups 122.697 696 .176 Total 123.086 699 H0: There is no significant mean difference between the Service factors in Bank and age H1: There is a significant mean difference between the Service factors in Bank and age The above table shows Consumer's Perception of banking services average mean of age 21-30 3.7972 and standard deviation .30384, 31-40 mean average 3.9559 and standard deviation is .33276, 41-50 average mean 3.8530. Standard deviation 35353, above 50 average mean is 3.9889, standard deviation .27431. Service Quality of Banking Services average mean of age 21-30 4.0131 and standard deviation .30202, 31-40 mean average 3.9559 and standard deviation is .29904, 41-50 average mean 3.7930, Standard deviation .26211, above 50 average mean is 3.8792, standard deviation .21326, Performance of Banking Services average mean of age 21-30 3.8669 and standard deviation .35416, 31-40 mean average 3.9101 and standard deviation is .35508, 41-50 average mean 3.8726, Standard deviation .35305, above 50 average mean is 3.7050, standard deviation .37902, Farmers Satisfaction of Banking Services average mean of age 21-30 3.7641 and standard deviation .41555, 31-40 mean average 3.7862 and standard deviation is .43001, 41-50 average mean 3.7832, Standard deviation .43311, above 50 average mean is 3.9000, standard deviation .33424. From the Anova table F-values are 5.166, 1.367, 2.357, 0.735 and p values are .002, .252, .071, .631 which is >0.05 level of significance, hence accept the null hypothesis and conclude that there is no significant mean difference between the Service factors in Bank and age.
Multiple Comparisons LSD Dependent Variable Mean Difference (I-J) Std. Error Sig. Consumer's Perception of banking services 21 - 30 31 - 40 .05719* .02621 .029 41 - 50 .16008* .04338 .000 Above 50 .02423 .07267 .739 31 - 40 21 - 30 -.05719* .02621 .029 41 - 50 .10288* .04519 .023 Above 50 -.03296 .07377 .655 41 - 50 21 - 30 -.16008* .04338 .000 31 - 40 -.10288* .04519 .023 Above 50 -.13584 .08146 .096 Above 50 21 - 30 -.02423 .07267 .739 31 - 40 .03296 .07377 .655 41 - 50 .13584 .08146 .096 Service Quality of Banking Services 21 - 30 31 - 40 -.04172 .02474 .092 41 - 50 .00423 .04095 .918 Above 50 -.08192 .06859 .233 31 - 40 21 - 30 .04172 .02474 .092 41 - 50 .04595 .04265 .282 Above 50 -.04021 .06963 .564 41 - 50 21 - 30 -.00423 .04095 .918 31 - 40 -.04595 .04265 .282 Above 50 -.08616 .07689 .263 Above 50 21 - 30 .08192 .06859 .233 31 - 40 .04021 .06963 .564 41 - 50 .08616 .07689 .263 Performance of Banking Services 21 - 30 31 - 40 -.04320 .02938 .142 41 - 50 -.00565 .04863 .908 Above 50 .16193* .08146 .047 31 - 40 21 - 30 .04320 .02938 .142 41 - 50 .03755 .05065 .459 Above 50 .20513* .08268 .013 41 - 50 21 - 30 .00565 .04863 .908 31 - 40 -.03755 .05065 .459 Above 50 .16758 .09131 .067 Above 50 21 - 30 -.16193* .08146 .047 31 - 40 -.20513* .08268 .013 41 - 50 -.16758 .09131 .067 Customer Satisfaction of Banking Services 21 - 30 31 - 40 -.02215 .03474 .524 41 - 50 -.01908 .05750 .740 Above 50 -.13593 .09632 .159 31 - 40 21 - 30 .02215 .03474 .524 41 - 50 .00306 .05989 .959 Above 50 -.11378 .09777 .245 41 - 50 21 - 30 .01908 .05750 .740 31 - 40 -.00306 .05989 .959 Above 50 -.11685 .10797 .280 Above 50 21 - 30 .13593 .09632 .159 31 - 40 .11378 .09777 .245 41 - 50 .11685 .10797 .280 *. The mean difference is significant at the 0.05 level. TABLE 7.5
Income and Perception of Banking Services Service factors in Banks N Mean Std. Deviation Std. Error Farmers Perception of banking services Below 3 101 3.9835 .33013 .03285 3.1 to 5 320 3.9969 .32258 .01803 5.1 to 10 149 3.9508 .29914 .02451 Above 10 130 3.9632 .32722 .02870 Total 700 3.9789 .31961 .01208 Service Quality of Banking Services Below 3 101 3.8061 .29677 .02953 3.1 to 5 320 3.8185 .28376 .01586 5.1 to 10 149 3.8233 .31194 .02556 Above 10 130 3.7949 .32502 .02851 Total 700 3.8133 .29925 .01131 Performance of Banking Services Below 3 101 3.8267 .34897 .03472 3.1 to 5 320 3.8763 .36164 .02022 5.1 to 10 149 3.8779 .34462 .02823 Above 10 130 3.9192 .35961 .03154 Total 700 3.8774 .35611 .01346 client satisfaction of Banking services Below 3 101 3.7206 .46338 .04611 3.1 to 5 320 3.7625 .40746 .02278 5.1 to 10 149 3.7494 .43152 .03535 Above 10 130 3.8889 .38341 .03363 Total 700 3.7771 .41963 .01586 ANOVA Service factors in Banks Sum of Squares DF Mean Square F Sig. Farmers Perception of banking services Between Groups .255 3 .085 .832 .476 Within Groups 71.149 696 .102 Total 71.404 699 Service Quality of Banking Services Between Groups .073 3 .024 .270 .847 Within Groups 62.522 696 .090 Total 62.595 699 Performance of Banking Services Between Groups .487 3 .162 1.282 .279 Within Groups 88.156 696 .127 Total 88.643 699 Farmers Satisfaction of Banking Services Between Groups 2.130 3 .710 4.085 .007 Within Groups 120.957 696 .174 Total 123.086 699 H0: There is no significant mean difference between the Service factors in Banks and Annual income of the consumer H1: There is a significant mean difference between the Service factors in Banks and annual income of the consumer The above table shows Farmers Perception of banking services average mean of annual income below 3 lakhs 3.9835 and standard deviation.33013, 3.1-5 lakhs 3.9969 and standard deviation is .32258, 5.10-10 lakhs mean average 3.9508 and standard deviation .22914, above 10 lakhs average mean 3.9632 and standard deviation .31961 Service Quality of Banking Services average mean of annual income below 3 lakhs 3.8061 and standard deviation.29677, 3.1-5 lakhs 3.8185 and standard deviation is .28376 5.10-10 lakhs mean average 3.8233 and standard deviation .31194, above 10 lakhs average mean 3.7949 and standard deviation .32502, Performance of Banking Services average mean of annual income below 3 lakhs 3.8267 and standard deviation.34897, 3.1-5 lakhs 3.8763 and standard deviation is .36164, 5.10-10 lakhs mean average 3.8779 and standard deviation .34462, above 10 lakhs average mean 3.9192 and standard deviation .35961, Farmers Satisfaction of Banking Services average mean of annual income below 3 lakhs 3.7206 and standard deviation.46338, 3.1-5 lakhs 3.7625 and standard deviation is .40746, 5.10-10 lakhs mean average 3.7494 and standard deviation .43152, above 10 lakhs average mean 3.8889 and standard deviation .38341.