Understanding the vocabulary of salah
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- Bu səhifədəki naviqasiya:
- TASHHUD OF IBN MASOOD Word analysis First word ATAHIYAATU
- WASALAHWAAT
- TAYIBAAT
- WA RAHMATULLAHI
- ASLAM ALAYNNAA
- ASLAMAYNAA
- ASH HADU ALLAH ILLAHA ILALLAH
- LAA ILLAHAH
- Tidbit about this narration
- 4.02 SALTUATIONS ON THE PROHET (PBUH)
- ALLAHUMA
- Observation in the Quran
- WA ALLA
- KAMAA
- WA AALA
- NOW 2 ND HALF
- 4.03 SUPPLICATION BEFORE TASLIM
Day 3: Sunday We did opening supplication Isthiadah Basmala Fatiha
Ruku Getting up from ruku Sujood Between sujood Now we are going to talk about the SITTING portion of prayer 4.01 SITTING Testimony of Faith The FIRST thing I want to say is The sitting portion of the prayer might just be some of the most POWERFUL things we can recite in our prayer. The tashahud is the most interesting thing we study in this class Each word has so many lessons embed within it The sitting portion of the prayer is the CLIMAX of the prayer!! Surah Fatiha lays down the core We recite part of the Quran Sujood and sajdah requires humbleness and humility We acknowledge Allah has stability, and that He is the highest We praise and glorify Allah in and between sujood, asking for His forgiveness and mercy
You did worship NOW you ask for what you need NOW you make your final appeal
NOW we beg, we will plead, and we will ask Allah The SECOND thing we need to talk about before we get into this There are 3 places where there is a difference of opinion The first place was the opening supplication This is SECOND place where there is difference of opinion
Opening supplications were TOTALLY different from each other We will study 5 tashahud, ALL taught to us by the Prophet (saw) The interesting thing is they are VERY SIMILIAR to each other The first one is tashahud of IBN MASOOD Then the next one was tashahud of IBN ABBAS Then we will go to 3rd, 4th, and 5th tashahud and we will look at the differences between them
First word ATAHIYAATU: this word is a PLURAL word of the word TAHIYATOON (this is singular form) Along with being plural it is made PROPER by putting ALIF LAAM in front of it KITAABUN means a book, any book AL KITAAB- is THE BOOK (it is the proper form) So it is plural (atihyaaaat) This comes from root word HAYAAT- means LIFE Comes in Quran also Tahiya means TO GREET SOMEONE. Why does it come from root word of life? Before we said ASSLAM AALYKOOM They would say HAYAAKULLAH (it’s a supplication). That’s how pre-Islam people used to greet one another May Allah give you a long and prosperous life. Because they would be praying for life, the word for greeting came from word FOR LIFE. This is something that happens in Arabic sometimes.. Over time the word spins off and becomes disconnected from root and takes on a meeting of its own Like in English, when we say “that’s cool”, no one associates it with temperature- it’s a way to praise something No one connects it back to hot and cold, “When you are greeted, respond with something better!” TAHIYA means to greet someone. LILLAHI- for Allah Letter Lam-for Allah-
We don’t greet Allah, Allah IS asslaam! There is story behind the meaning of this word
Its from the 2nd century of Islam, he says “I was curious about what this word means?” So I went on a journey to talk to different scholars to find what it means
He was A MASTER of the Arabic language. He was a poet. There is a collection of his poetry. I asked him what does it mean He said “when you enter into the court of the king, what do you do? You compliment the king. You praise the king, like in englsih you say royal highness, your majesty, in Arabic they said “may you find peace, blessings”, or “you have removed curse from our lands, “may you live for 100 years. THAT’S WHAT ATTITYAAT MEANS
We are about to put our needs before Allah and we start with compliments saying ROYAL COMPLIMENTS ARE FOR ALLAH
Prayers are for the sake of Allah WATAYIBAAT: tayib means beautiful things, appealing things, they are also for ALLAH Salahwaat refers to worship, Tayibaat refers to social conduct, We forget sincerity for social conduct When you are nice to people you are doing it ALSO for Allah! If you are good to people because people are good to you, then you will be good to them as long as they are good to you, but what if the person is mean to you? Then that’s it, IKHLAAQ GONE?! But I AM DOING IT FOR THE SAKE OF ALLAH His teacher said what is the definition of ikhlaq? Its the heaviest on the scale on deeds, IKHALQ IS BEING GOOD TO PEOPLE EVEN IF THEY ARE BAD TO YOU”* And THAT’S what the Prophet (saw) had. TAYIBAAT- our good conduct is for Allah alone ASLAAMU- mean peace and safety ALAYKA- ALAA- on top of , over, Nabi come from word NABA Khabr- means general news NABA- means news that is important AND relevant to you Nabi- comes with news that is IMPORTANT ANDDD RELEVANT TO YOU nABI comes from word- NABWOON means if something is jutting out from surface, protruding from surface, like dome on ceiling, its all straight then dome, then becomes straight again Why does word nabi come from word NABYOON? Because NABI STICKS OUT because he has been given divine revelation from Allah WA RAHMATULLAHI- AND THE MERCY OF ALLAH May the mercy of Allah also be upon you WABARAKATUHU- AND BARAKAH, (everlasting blessings of Allah) And may His ever lasting blessing be upon you WE ARE MAKING DUA FOR THE PROPHET THIS IS ALLAH TEACHING US IN THE SALAH TO MAKE DUA FOR THE PORPHET! IT’S A DIRECT INSTRUCTION FROM ALLAH! ASLAM ALAYK KA! KA means YOU You are using it when talking TO someone Why are we speaking TO the Prophet (saw)? Why not HIM? Prophet (saw) is not here physically Simply to understand why In the next narration, Ibn abbas narrates the next tashahud, He says the Prophet (saw) used to teach us tashshud JUST LIKE he would teach us a Surah from Quran What does that mean?
ASLAM ALAYNNAA- peace and safety ALAA- upon NA- us
May peace and safety be upon us We are making dua FOR OURSLEVES WA ALAA- AND UPON IBAAD- this word is the plural of ABD There are 2 plurals for the word abd IBAAD ABEED
Both of them are used in the Quran Both are plurals of the word ABD Whats the difference between them?
Abeed is ALSO plural but it’s a GENERAL PLURAL Lets say you are translating a research document and you are writing about slavery in general and you translate it in Arabic. You want to translate the word slave, you will NOT use IBAAD, you would use the word ABEED. Wa alaa- and upon ASALIHEEN- comes from the root word SALAH- salah means for something to be CORRECT, to be appropriate. The opposite means FASSAD (meaning corrupted) SALIHEEN are people who are correct and people that are good (righteous) ASLAMAYNAA-may peace and safety be upon us WALAA- and upon SALIHEEN- the slaves of Allah that are RIGHTEOUS The ASLAAYNA part- we are making dua for OURSELVES The WA ALA IBADILAHISALHEEN- we are making dua for OTHERS ORDER OF OUR DUAS Who do we make dua for first? FOR OURSELVES FIRSST. We should not be selfish about our dua. Make sure to make dua for other people as well One time a Bedouin came into the majisid and said “May Allahs mercy be on you, on me and no one else” The Prophet (saw) said “You have taken something big and made it really small and put it into box” We need to be SMART in our dua. We do make dua for other people but we need to make due for ourselves FIRST. From the Quran INSERT QURANIC AYAH “Yayaldheena amanu kuu anfasum Save yourself and then your family, from the fire of Hell” This is a QURANIC instruction! On plane, oxygen masks comes down, FIRST PUT YOUR MASK ON Put your OWN mask on first, then you canhelp others
In the tashahud, The Prophet (saw) is teaching us Make dua for other people but FIRST make dua for YOURSELF* When we are making dua for other people, are we saying generally? or did we limit it? We LIMITED it. ASALIHEEN. We limit it with ASALIHEEEN! There is a lesson in this! The salah is very motivational, it drives you! It gives you goals It tells us- If we incorporate the quality of RIGHTOUSNESS IN OURSELVES, WE ARE INCLUDED IN THE DUA OF EVERY SINGLE MUSLIM IN EVERY SALAH FROM THE TIME FO THE PROPHET! EVERY SINGLE MUSLIM WHO EVER PERFORMED SALAH, HE MAKES DUA FOR SALIHEEN, SO IF I QUALIFY IN BEING SALIHEEN, I AM INCLUDED IN THE DUA FO EVERY PERSON, WHAT AN AMZING DUA, TO BE INCLUDED IN THE DUA OF EVERY SINGLE PERSON ALL OVER THE WORLD THROUGH OUT TIME AND GENERATIONS I WE CAN DO THAT, IF WE INCORPORATE THE QUALITY OF SALAH, RIGHTOUSNESS ASH HADU ALLAH ILLAHA ILALLAH ASHADU- it’s a VERB, a fi’l, it comes from root of word means I BEAR WITNESS, I BEAR TESTIMONY It comes from root word SH HEE DA- to be a witness to something What other words comes from the same root? SHAHADAH- being witness Shaheed- is matyr The root of the word means TO BE PRESENT, So why is a witness called ashaahid? Why is bearing witness coming from same word? Because the witness was PRESENT AT THE TIME of the situation Why is a shaheed comes form same root? Because this person has presented himself for the ultimate sacrifice, scholars say when the shaheed falls in the battle field, angels are there
THAT is a sentence connector ASHHADU- I bear witness gives testimony THAT
LAA ILLAHAH- this is special LA, it means ABSOLOUTLY NOT! NO WAY NO HOW, ILAH- something or someone that is worshiped SO I BEAR WINTESS THAT THER IS ABSOLOUTLY POSITIVELY NO ONE WORTHY OF WORSHIP ILA- except for So you make a powerful statement then you want to make an exception ALLAH- Allah WA ASHHADU- And I bear witness , testimony ANNA- this is also a sentence connector but it has something else! ANNA sounds stronger than AN. ANNA has emphasis. Not just that, it means MOST DEFINITELY. THAT! MUHAMMADAN- Muhammad is ABDU HU- his slave (Allahs slave) WA RA SOOLUHU- and his RASOOL, his MESSENGER, RASOOL- root word meaning SEND A MESSAGE FROM A HIGHER AUTHORITY, in classical Arabic. Not in modern Arabic. It just means to send message. When a KING was sending you a message, when some higher authority was sending a message. What higher authority is there other than Allah? THE WORD NABI VS RASUL The prophet has been described with 2 different titles
Whats the difference? The difference is usually an aqeedah related discussion We will talk about it from a linguistic stand point by observing how the words are used in the Quran when talking about the Prophet (saw) In the Quran NABI- means something that is bringing news that is relevant to the people or somehow is at a higher level and RASUL means he is bringing a message from Allah, NABI- relating to connecting to people RASUL- relating to connecting to Allah When the prophet is described about talking to people he is described as NABI When in the Quran talk about Prophet (saw) to connect to Allah then the word RASUL is used Example, in surah TAHREEM , Allah talks about interaction of Prophet with his family So Allah opens by saying “YA AYU HANNABIYU , used the word nabi! Discussion between prophet and his wives, Allah address even the wives as YANISSAN NABI (o women of nabi! NOT rasul, because we are talking about human interaction. When Allah is talking about INTERACTION relating to people, Allah calls NABI But when Allah it telling the Prophet, I HAVE SENT YOU A MISSION, I HAVE GIVEN YOU TASK I WILL HOLD YOU ACCOUNTABLE, Allah uses “YA AYUHARRASUL… “Deliver that which your Lord has revealed to you” When Allah is holding him accountable, he used the word RASUL!
Look at how precise the Quran is, in the ayah: “i have been sent from allah to deliver message to the people uses rasul”, BECAUSE HE IS CONNCEITNG IT TO ALLAH!
First its ash hadu “AN” Second is ash hadu “ANNNNNA” Lighter one (first one) used when talking about ALLAH And heaver one used for prophethood
There are certain hadith, that are passed on , Passed on teacher to student All the way to the Prophet (saw), SOME AHADITH not only words transfer, but EVEN THE ACT associated with words also transfer! Tashud of ibn masood, in this narration One day the prophet walked up to me, put his arm around my shoulder and said lets go for walk with his arm around my shoulder, Let me teach you something Arm around shoulder So Abdullah ibn masood later in life ON conveying to his favorite student IBANRHI an nakhi PUT HIS hands around his shoulder and taught him tashsahud Even though he already knew it! HAMAAD AS SALMIAIN another favorite student
So literally this tradition has been passed on. When teacher passes on this tradition, PASSES IT ON BY EMULATING THE ACT ITSELF!!!!!! That’s how we emulate the life of Prophet 9saw), OUR teacher even did this THIS IS THE SOMETIHNG UNIQUE ABOUT THIS TASHAHUD (There are also other tashahud that are similar but have some minor differences. These are skipped) Tashahhud of Ibn Abbas, Ibn Umar, Abu Musa, Umar Ibn al-Khattab IMPORTANCE OF IKHALAQQ One of the other tashahud emphasized ikhlaq. One very common problem is that you find someone who is very regular about salah, about Quran, about his dhikr, bu this person is someone who everyone hates. He is the meanest uncle or aunty in the masjid Or you have a guy who prays 5 times a day, but you would never want to do bussiness with him, the guy will take the shirt from your back if he could (and unfairly deal with you) Or someone in the family whose salah and Quran are good, but ikhlaaq is HORRIBLE , only things coming out of mouth are negative and criticizing. One thing shaytaan does is he CREATES A SEPERATION, salah is one thing, and business is another thing THE QURAN NEVER CREATED A SEPERATION, he showed us that these two things are LINKED! If you continue to pray 5 times a day and you continue to lie, to backbite, that means THERE IS A DEFICIENCY IN YOUR SALAH! MUNKAR does NOT mean sins, (dhunobb means sins) it means to behave inappropriately in your SOCIAL CONDUCT, QURAN says your SALAH WILL STOP YOU FROM BEHAVING INAPPROPRIATELY IN YOUR SCHOOL, WORK, SOCIETY. If they are not doing that, they have a problem with their salah!
Father and son would have different tashahud!!! Unbelievable, we NEED TO LEARN TOLERENCE IN OUR COMMUNITIES
THE PROPHET (SAW) TOLD US DIFFERENT THINGS IN DIFFERENT WAYS ITS FROM THE WISDOM OF THE PROPHET (SAW)
Look at the sahabah, they all read different tashahud, but didn’t make it an issue out of it. 4.02 SALTUATIONS ON THE PROHET (PBUH) Loving the Prophet pbuh, and knowing the Prophet begins by saying his name properly (recitation exercise) One of the greatest tragedies of today is we know OF the Prophet pbuh but we haven’t fallen in LOVE with the Prophet pbuh. There are youth, who think it might not even be true! To the extreme that its all fairy tale and “made up”, subhanAllah! The Prophet pbuh was an INDIVIDUAL, who lived for OTHER people He was the type of person who bled, cried, sacrificed an unbelievable amount for the sake of humanity His heart would literally bleed for humanity If you read his life, the way he lived, you will be amazed. There is a book that describes the Prophet saw, their main passage that is always in my head DAA I MAN FIKRAH- he was constantly concerned Constantly grieved He was grieving constantly over the condition of the people He NEVER had a moment of rest! The Prophet himself tells us that “I have been threatened for the deen of Allah like no one else has be threatened, and I have been tortured and pained like no on else” “30 consecutive days and nights passed that myself and bilal had nothing to eat except little, except what he could hide in his clothes
The Prophet pbuh says “what’s the special occasion”? The prophet sat down , said bismillah, Took bite of bread Thanked Allah and said I swear by the one whose in His hand holds my life “This is the first morsel of food your father has eaten in 3 days” He would stay awake, he couldn’t sleep out of concern for the people! He expressed his concern for humanity
We haven’t studied the life of Prophet, and WE HAVENT PRESENTED him properly! Story of TUFAYL; He accepted islam Prophet told him go back to your area and guide them to islam He came back Tribe of DOWS isn’t accepting , and he asked dua to destroy them Prophet raised his hands (sahabah said theyre done for…) “O Allah guide the people o Dows” And he told Tufayl Now go back YEASR LATER, literally 20 years later TUFAYL arrive back to medina with his ENTIRE TRIBE ready to accept Islam!
The muslim army was being attacked by the arrows, The battle is going on and on They went to the Prophet pbuh “oh messenger of Allah, the arrows of thaqeef are burning holes in us!, they’re killing us You are the messenger of Allah, make dua that Allah destroy these people Prophet raised his hand and said “O Allah give hadyaya to the people of thaqeef”
Prophet said LOOK FOR ME AT THESE 3 PLACES AT THE BRIDGE OF SIRAAT, I will help you When the deeds are being weighed, I will help you At the fountain of kauhthar, I will give you water to drink with my own hands
HE LOVEED EVERYONE…even the most sinful of the ummah What have we done, how we REPSONDED to this love? What have we done in return? WHAT CAN WE DO? STUDY THE LIFE OF THE PROPHET, LIVE BY THE MORALS AND THE CHOICES OF THE PROPHET CARRY YOURSELF HOW HE CARRIED HIMSELF TALK LIKE HE WOULD TALK TREAT YOUR FAMILIES LIKE HE WOULD TREAT HIS FAMILIES Send blessing upon him
O ALLAH SEND YOUR SPECIAL BLESSINGS ALA- UPON, MUHAMMAD- Lets understand the etymology of the name of the Prophet pbuh This comes from root word HAMD, Muhammad is a specific form of the word which implies SOMETHING TO HAPPEN OVER AND OVER AGAIN Muhammad is the one who is praised over and over again, One who is praised repeatedly, Because all over the world, he is praised The Prophet pbuh said the STINGINESS of my ummah is one who doesn’t even say salaam, cant give that much upon me Ibn Kathir talks about how the Prophet was not the first person who was named muhammad. While the prophet was not the first person named muhammad, it was a RARE name Like Abdurehman is common, Abdul Baqi is rare So if you come across an Abdul baqi, you would say hmm, that’s interesting Muhmmad was a RARE name
1- Surah Al Imran- “wa muhammadan ilaa rasul” 2- Surah Ahzaab 3- Surah Muhammad 4- A place is Surah FATH (after surah Muhammad)
AHMAD comes from the root word HAMD, same root, Ahmad means the ONE who praises more than others (praising Allah) Occurs in Surah Saff Observation in the Quran All these places where the name of Prophet pbuh occurs and Allah is speaking ABOUT, everytime Allah talks TO Muhamamd, Allah talks to him with TITLES, YA AYUALMUDASIR, YA AYUHAL MUZZAMIL, NOT only that but even when Allah mentions RASOOL when talking about him. The lesson is, “we don’t talk about the Prophet pbuh like we speak about each other,” We shouldn’t say “Muhammad said” No Say “The messenger of Allah said” EVEN THE FAMILY CALLED HIM “O MESSENGER OF ALLAH” TALK ABOUT HIM WITH TITLES Say the Prophet Muhammad, The messenger Muhammad O ALLAH SEND YOUR SPECIAL BLESSINGS ON MUHAMMAD WA ALLA- AND UPON AALI MUHAMMAD- Aali-is family. AAALI is bigger than family, A-HAL – means family, immediately family, members of house AALI- is bigger than that. ANYONE who is afflicted or associated with this is included in FAMILY, includes companions, includes FOLLOWERS AS WELL, WE ARE INCLUDED IN THIS!!! AALI! AND UPON ALL THOSE WHO ARE ASSOCIATED WITH MUHAMMAD pbuh KAMAA- JUST LIKE SALAYTAA- THIS IS PAST TENSE VERB OF SALI (the command, Salaytaa- JUST LIKE YOU HAD SENT (in the past) special blessings ALAA- UPON IBRAHIM- this is the name of Allah’s messenger This is a foreign word and foreign name (originated in different language) NAMES transcend languages, you don’t translate names We really don’t know what this name means, WA AALA- and upon AALI IBARHIM- all those associated with Ibrahim (as) INNA KA- MOST DEFINITLY, MOST CERTAINLY KA- YOU (Allah) Most definitely YOU HAMEEDOON- root word Hamd, THE ONE WHO IS CONSTANTLYYYYY WORTHY OF PRAISE! MAJEED- glorified, The one who is CONSTANTLY GLORIOUS MOST DEFINITLY YOU ARE CONSTANTLY WORTHY OF PRAISE AND CONSTANTLY GLORIOUS NOW 2ND HALF Instead of ALAHUMA SALI YOU SAY
You say
KAMAABARAKTA BAARIK- O ALLAH SEND YOUR EVERLASTING BLESSINGS, BARAAQTA- just like YOU HAD SENT YOUR EVER LASTING BLESSINGS KAMAA- draws a parallel, with Prophet Muhammad and Ibhrahim What is the connection? The Prophet was the ANSWER TO THE SUPPLICATION OF IBRAHIM AFTER BUILDING THE KABAH, HE SAID INSERT QURANIC AYAH “RABAB WAB US FEEHI RASOOLAM” The Prophet is a UNIVERSAL messengerr, so Allah is creating an association in the minds of people with the Prophet and ibrahim. Because ibrahim is a UNIVERSALLY accepted messenger Do jews and chirstions accept MUSA? Yes Do the jews accept isa? No Mushrikoon accept musa? No Did they believe in Ibrahim? YES! EVEN THOUGH THEY WERE MUSHRIKOON, they still held the figure of Prophet Ibrahim in reverence. They said the follow the religion of Ibrahim Allah creates an association that just like everyone accepts Prophet Ibrahim They need to accept Prophet Muhammad (saw) as well
TASHAH HUD SOUND LIKE ASHHADU Tashahud COMES FROM root word to bear witness, to bear testimony to All of it, why is that entire thing called tashahud? The principle of eloquence in Arabic language, when you are talking about WHOLE. You refer to WHOLE by mentioning PART and when you do that , its because that part is The most important part of the whole! We call that ENTIRE supplication the tashahud because the most important part is tashahud! Everything leads up to that, everything builds up to that.
The sitting portion of prayer, The ruku The sujud What is unique about what you say in sitting portion? THE SITTING portion of prayer TEACHES US ETTIQUES of supplication to Allah and what we say in that position is very important
This is the etiquettes for making dua!! This sitting portion teaches us proper way of making a supplication
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