United states securities and exchange commission

Offsetting of financial assets and derivatives assets are as follows (in millions):

	Gross Amounts of Recognized Assets								Gross Amounts Offset in the Statement of Financial Position								Net Amounts of Assets Presented in the Statement of Financial Position (1)
Derivatives accounted for as hedges:	2016				2015				2016				2015				2016				2015
Foreign exchange contracts	$	14			$	32			$	(1	)		$	(13	)		$	13			$	19

(1)	Included within Other current assets ( $4 million in 2016 and $6 million in 2015 , respectively) or Other non-current assets ( $9 million in 2016 and $13 million in 2015 , respectively)

Offsetting of financial liabilities and derivative liabilities are as follows (in millions):

	Gross Amounts of Recognized Liabilities								Gross Amounts Offset in the Statement of Financial Position								Net Amounts of Liabilities Presented in the Statement of Financial Position (1)
Derivatives accounted for as hedges:	2016				2015				2016				2015				2016				2015
Foreign exchange contracts	$	13			$	18			$	(1	)		$	(13	)		$	12			$	5

(1)	Included within Other current liabilities ( $5 million in 2016 and $4 million in 2015 , respectively) or Other non-current liabilities ( $7 million in 2016 and $1 million in 2015 , respectively)

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The amounts of derivative gains (losses) recognized in the Consolidated Financial Statements are as follows (in millions):

Cash Flow Hedge - Foreign Exchange Contracts		Location of future reclassification from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss																Gain (Loss) Recognized in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss:
		Compensation and Benefits				Other General Expenses				Interest Expense				Other Income (Expense)				Total
2016		$	8			$	(13	)		$	—			$	(20	)		$	(25	)
2015		4				(3		)		—				(10		)		(9		)
2014		11				(3		)		—				(10		)		(2		)

Cash Flow Hedge - Foreign Exchange Contracts																		Gain (Loss) Reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss into Income (Effective Portion):
		Compensation and Benefits				Other General Expenses				Interest Expense				Other Income				Total
2016		$	2			$	(4	)		$	(1	)		$	(7	)		$	(10	)
2015		4				(1		)		(9		)		(11		)		(17		)
2014		(5		)		3				(10		)		(2		)		(14		)

The Company recognized no gain (loss) in Interest expense for fair value hedges related to fixed rate debt for 2016 and 2015. There was a gain of $9 million recognized in 2014.

The Company estimates that approximately $12 million of pretax losses currently included within Accumulated other comprehensive loss will be reclassified in to earnings in the next twelve months.

The amount of gain (loss) recognized in income on the ineffective portion of derivatives for 2016 , 2015 , and 2014 was immaterial.

The Company recorded a loss of $0.2 million for 2016 and a loss of $8 million and $18 million in Other income for foreign exchange derivatives not designated or qualifying as hedges for 2015 and 2014 , respectively.

Net Investments in Foreign Operations Risk Management

The Company uses non-derivative financial instruments to protect the value of its investments in a number of foreign subsidiaries. In 2016, the Company designated a portion of its Euro-denominated commercial paper issuances as a non-derivative economic hedge of the foreign currency exposure of a net investment in its European operations. The change in fair value of the designated portion of the Euro-denominated commercial paper due to changes in foreign currency exchange rates is recorded in Foreign currency translation adjustment, a component of Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), to the extent it is effective as a hedge. The foreign currency translation adjustment of the hedged net investments that is also recorded in Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss). Ineffective portions of net investment hedges, if any, are reclassified from Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) into earnings during the period of change.

As of December 31, 2016 , the Company has € 217 million ($ 227 million at December 31, 2016 exchange rates) of outstanding Euro-denominated commercial paper designated as a hedge of the foreign currency exposure of its net investment in its European operations. As of December 31, 2016 , the unrealized gain recognized in Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) related to the net investment non derivative hedging instrument was $18 million .

The Company did not reclassify any deferred gains or losses related to net investment hedges from Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) to earnings during the twelve months ended December 31, 2016 . In addition, the Company did not incur any ineffectiveness related to net investment hedges during the twelve months ended December 31, 2016 .

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13.     Fair Value Measurements and Financial Instruments

Accounting standards establish a three tier fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs used in measuring fair values as follows:

•	Level 1 — observable inputs such as quoted prices for identical assets in active markets;

•	Level 2 — inputs other than quoted prices for identical assets in active markets, that are observable either directly or indirectly; and

•	Level 3 — unobservable inputs in which there is little or no market data which requires the use of valuation techniques and the development of assumptions.