United states securities and exchange commission

Commissions, fees and other revenues by product are as follows (in millions):

Years ended December 31	2016				2015				2014
Retail brokerage	$	6,096			$	6,044			$	6,334
Reinsurance brokerage	1,367				1,361				1,474
Total Risk Solutions Segment	7,463				7,405				7,808
Consulting services	1,662				1,686				1,700
Outsourcing	2,557				2,658				2,607
Intrasegment	(36		)		(41		)		(43		)
Total HR Solutions Segment	4,183				4,303				4,264
Intersegment	(41		)		(47		)		(53		)
Total commissions, fees and other revenue	$	11,605			$	11,661			$	12,019

Fiduciary investment income by segment is as follows (in millions):

Years ended December 31	2016				2015				2014
Risk Solutions	$	22			$	21			$	26
HR Solutions	—				—				—
Total fiduciary investment income	$	22			$	21			$	26

A reconciliation of segment operating income before tax to income before income taxes is as follows (in millions):

Years ended December 31	2016				2015				2014
Risk Solutions	$	1,587			$	1,506			$	1,648
HR Solutions	557				536				485
Segment income before income taxes	2,144				2,042				2,133
Unallocated expenses	(238		)		(194		)		(167		)
Interest income	9				14				10
Interest expense	(282		)		(273		)		(255		)
Other income	36				100				44
Income before income taxes	$	1,669			$	1,689			$	1,765

Unallocated expenses include administrative or other costs not attributable to the operating segments, such as corporate governance costs. Interest income represents income earned on Cash and cash equivalents and Short-term investments. Interest expense represents the cost of debt obligations.

Other income consists of equity earnings, realized gains or losses on the sale of investments, gains or losses on the disposal of businesses, gains or losses on derivatives, and gains or losses on foreign currency remeasurement.

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Revenues are generally attributed to geographic areas based on the location of the resources producing the revenues. Intercompany revenues and expenses are eliminated in consolidated results.

Consolidated Revenue by geographic area, which is attributed on the basis of where the services are performed, is as follows (in millions):

Years ended December 31	Total			United States				Americas other than U.S.				United Kingdom				Europe, Middle East, & Africa				Asia Pacific
2016	11,627			$	6,078			$	995			$	1,378			$	1,760			$	1,416
2015	11,682			6,063				1,053				1,527				1,909				1,130
2014	12,045			5,824				1,176				1,623				2,189				1,233