Unshu Mandarins Japan Provisional Final ira

Appendix B: Additional data for quarantine pests

Quarantine pest	Howardia biclavis (Comstock, 1883)
Synonyms	Chionaspis biclavis Comstock, 1883 Chionaspis biclavis detecta Maskell, 1895 Megalodiaspis biclavis (Comstock, 1883)
Common name(s)	Mining scale
Main hosts	Associated with Citrus unshiu Marcow. (unshu mandarin) in Japan (MAFF 1990). Other hosts include: Acacia pubescens (downy wattle), Acalypha grandis, Acalypha sp., Achras sapota (sapodilla), Allamanda cathartica schottia (yellow allamanda), Allamanda hendersonii (pahtoh), Althaea sp. (marshmallows), Andira inermis (angelin), Annona muricata (soursop), Annona reticulata (custard apple), Annona squamosa (sugar apple), Artemisia abrotanum (southern wormwood), Artocarpus integrifolia (jackfruit), Ascyrum sp., Bauhinia monandra (orchid tree), Bauhinia purpurea (purple orchid tree), Bauhinia variegata (orchid tree), Begonia sp. (begonias), Bignonia sp., Bixa orellana (achiote), Blighia sapida (akee), Brunfelsia nitida (lady of the night), Buddleia davidii (butterfly bush), Bursera simaruba (gumbilimbo tree), Cajanus cajan (pigeonpea), Calophyllum brasiliense (Santa María), Calophyllum sp., Camellia sinensis (tea), Carica papaya (papaya), Casearia sylvestris (crackopen), Cassia sp., Castanea sp., Casuarina sp. (she-oaks), Catesbaea spinosa (Catesby's lilythorn), Celtis sinensis (Chinese hackberry), Cestrum diurnum (day jasmine), Chiococca sp., Chrysalidocarpus lutescens (Madagascar palm), Chrysophyllum cainito (star apple), Cinchona succirubra (red quinine tree), Cinnamomum sp. (cinnamon), Cissus sicyoides (princess vine), Citharexylum sp. (coreopsis), Citrus aurantifolia (sour orange), Citrus limon (lemon), Citrus medica (citron), Clusia flava, Clusia lacuma nervosa, Clusia rosea (autograph tree), Codiaeum variegatum (croton), Coffea arabica (coffee), Combretum micropetalum, Cordia interrupta, Cordia macrostachya, Cordia polycephala, Cosmos caudatus (wild cosmos), Cotinus sp. (smoke trees), Croton discolor (maran), Croton lucidus (firebush), Cupania sp., Cuphea sp., Cydonia oblonga (quince), Datura suaveolens (angel's trumpet), Desmodium incanum (kaimi clover), Diospyros ebenum (ebony), Dodonaea sp. (hopbush), Duranta plumieri, Duranta repens (sky flower), Echites melaleuca, Elaeocarpus sp. (quandongs), Euonymus sp. (spindle trees), Eupatorium sp., Euphorbia sp. (milkweeds), Ficus aspera (clown fig), Ficus benjamina (weeping fig), Ficus carica (common fig), Ficus laurifolia, Flacourtia sp., Gardenia jasminoides (cape jasmine), Gardenia sp. (gardenia), Genipa americana (jaguar), Gesneria pedunculosa (arbol de navidad), Graptophyllum pictum (caricature plant), Grevillea robusta (silky oak), Guarea trichilioides (American muskwood), Guettarda scabra (roughleaf velvetseed), Hibiscus mutabilis (confederate rose), Hibiscus rosasinensis (Chinese hibiscus), Hibiscus sp. (hibiscus), Hibiscus syriacus (shrub althea), Hibiscus tiliaceus (mahoe), Hippomane mancinella (manzanillo), Hippomane sp., Hydnocarpus sp., Hydnocarpus wightiana (jangli), Ilex urbaniana var. riedlaei (Urban's holly), Indigophera sp. (indigoes), Inga laurina (sacky sac bean), Ipomoea tiliacea (sweet potato), Iresine sp. (bloodleaf), Ixora coccinea (jungle geranium), Ixora sp., Jasminum humile (yellow jasmine), Jasminum sambac (Arabian jasmine), Jasminum simplicifolius (stiff jasmine), Jasminum trifoliatum, Jatropha integerrima (peregrine), Juglans sp. (walnuts), Justicia spicigera (mohintli), Justicia sp., Khaya sp. (African mahogany), Lagerstroemia indica (crepe myrtle), Landolphia heudelotii, Lantana camara (lantana), Leucaena sp., Ligustrum sp. (privets), Phyla stoechadifolia (southern fogfruit), Litchi sp. (lychee), Lonicera sp. (honeysuckles), Lucuma serpentaria, Manilkara zapota (sapodilla), Lycopersicon sp. (tomato), Maba buxifolia, Macadamia ternifolia (macadamia nut), Macaranga sp., Malphigia sp., Malus pumila (apple), Mammea americana (mamey apple), Mangifera indica (mango), Manilkara bidentata (ausubo), Manilkara zapota (sapodilla), Matisia cordata (South American sapote), Melia azederach (white cedar), Melicoccus bijugatus (Spanish lime), Metrosideros sp., Miconia laevigata (smooth johnnyberry), Microcitrus australasica (Australian finger lime), Microglossa zeylanica, Micropholis crysophylioides, Morinda sp., Moringa oleifera (horseradish tree), Morus nigra (black mulberry), Mundulea suberosa (silver bush, cork bush), Murraya exotica (Chinese box), Myrica cerifera (southern wax myrtle), Myristica macrantha, Dimocarpus longan (longan), Nerium oleander (oleander), Nyctanthes sambac (Arabian jasmine), Ochna sopata, Ocotea leucoxylon (loblolly sweetwood), Olea europaea (olive), Osteomeles anthyllidifolia (Hawai'i hawthorn), Parinari laurinum, Parthenocissus sp. (Boston ivy), Passiflora laurifolia (yellow water-lemon), Persea americana (avocado), Phoradendron sp. (mistletoes), Photinia wrightiana, Phytolaca rivinoides, Piper aduncum (spiked pepper), Piper methysticum (kava), Piper nigrum (black pepper), Piper rivinoides, Pithecellobium dulce (Manila tamarind), Pittosporum sp., Plectranthus amboinicus (Mexican mint), Plumeria alba (white frangipani), Poinsettia sp., Polyalthia longifolia (ashok tree), Pouteria campechiana (yellow sapote), Pouteria obovata (yellow boxwood), Prunus sp., Psidium guajava (guava), Psychotria uliginosa (wild coffee), Pterocarpus indicus (Burmese rosewood), Punica granatum (pomegranate), Pyrus sp. (pears), Quisqualis indica (Rangoon creeper), Raimannia sp. (evening primrose), Randia aculeata (white indigoberry), Raphiolepis sp. (hawthorns), Rhus leucantha (winged sumac), Royena sp., Ruta chalepensis (fringed rue), Saba senegalensis, Sapium sp. (milktree), Schinus sp. (peppertree), Sida sp., Solanum melongena (eggplant), Solanum seaforthianum (Brazilian nightshade), Stachytarpheta jamaicensis (light-blue snakeweed), Strobilanthes isophyllus, Swietenia sp. (mahogany)], Syzygium cleyeraefolium, Tabernaemontana citrifolia (milkwood), Tabernaemontana divaricata (pinwheelflower), Tamarindus sp. (tamarind), Tecoma capensis (cape honeysuckle), Terminalia catappa (Indian almond), Terminalia tomentosa (Indian laurel), Thea sp. (tea plant), Thouinia strata, Tithonia diversifolia (tree marigold), Toxicodendron sp. (poison ivy), Trachelospermum jasminoides (Chinese star jasmine), Trema micranthum (Jamaican nettletree), Trichilia sp., Triumfetta semitriloba (burbrush), Urena sp., Wistaria sp. (wisterias) (Ben-Dov et al. 2005).
Distribution	Howardia biclavis is present in Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Australia (Queensland), Bahamas, Barbados, Bermuda, Bonin Islands, Brazil, China, Columbia, Cook Islands, Cuba, Czech Republic, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Federated States of Micronesia, Fiji, France, French Guiana, French Polynesia, Galapagos Islands, Germany, Ghana, Guyana, Haiti, Hawaiian Islands, India, Indonesia, Ireland, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Kenya, Madagascar, Mauritius, Mexico, Montserrat, New Caledonia, Niue, Palau, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Puerto Rico and Vieques Island, Russia, Saint Croix, Saint Kitts and Nevis Islands, Sardinia, Singapore, Spain, Sri Lanka, Rodriques Island, Sao Tome and Principe, South Africa, Taiwan, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobargo, United Kingdom, United States of America (California, District of Columbia, Florida, Kansas, Maryland, Missouri, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania), Vanuatu, Venezuela, Western Samoa, Zanzibar and Zimbabwe (Ben-Dov et al. 2005).
Quarantine pest	Ischnaspis longirostris (Signoret, 1982)
Synonyms	Ischnaspis filiformis Douglas, 1887 Ischnaspis longirostris Hempel, 1900 Ischnaspis piliformis Riley & Howard, 1893 Lepidosaphes ritsemabosi Fernald, 1903 Mytilaspis longirostris Signoret, 1882 Mytilaspis ritzemae Leonardi, 1901
Common name(s)	black thread scale, black line scale
Main hosts	The main hosts of Ischnaspis longirostris are Citrus, Cocos nucifera (coconut), Coffea (coffee), forest trees (woody plants) and Mangifera indica (mango) (CAB International 2007).
Distribution	Ischnaspis longirostris is present in the Admiralty Islands, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Australia (Northern Territory, Queensland, South Australia), Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Bermuda, Bonin Islands, Brazil (Bahia, Distrito Federal (=Brasilia), Espirito Santo, Minas Gerais, Parana, Para, Pernambuco, Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina, Sao Paulo), Cameroon, Canada (Ontario), Canary Islands, Cape Verde, Colombia, Cook Islands, Costa Rica, Cuba, Czechoslovakia, Denmark, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Fiji, France, French Polynesia (Tahiti), Germany, Ghana, Grenada, Guadeloupe, Guam, Guinea, Guyana, Hawaiian Islands (Hawaii, Kauai, Lanai, Maui, Molokai, Oahu), India (Karnataka), Indonesia (Java), Ireland, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Kenya, Madagascar, Malaysia (Malaya), Martinique, Mauritius, Mexico, Mozambique, New Caledonia, Nigeria, Northern Mariana Islands (Saipan Island), Palau, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Philippines (Luzon), Portugal, Puerto Rico & Vieques Island (Puerto Rico), Reunion, Saint Croix, Sao Tome and Principe, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Solomon Islands, South Africa, Sri Lanka, Suriname, Sweden, Taiwan, Tanzania, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago (Trinidad), Uganda, United Kingdom (England), United States of America (California (reported eradicated in California), Connecticut, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Louisiana, Maryland, Massachusetts, Missouri, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, Virginia), U.S. Virgin Islands, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Western Samoa, Zaire, Zanzibar and Zimbabwe (Ben-Dov et al. 2008).