Video coding standards k. R. Rao, Do Nyeon Kim J. J. Hwang Springer 2014

VP8, VP9, VP10 :

VP.1. D. Grois, et al, “Performance comparison of H.265/MPEG-HEVC, VP9, and H.264/MPEGAVC encoders,” in Proc. 30th IEEE Picture Coding Symposium, pp. 394–397, Dec. 2013.

VP.2. A. Grange. Overview of VP-Next. [Online]. Available: http://www.ietf.org/proceedings/85/slides/slides-85-videocodec-4.pdf, accessed Jan. 30, 2013.
VP.3. J. Bankoski, P. Wilkins, and Y. Xu, “Technical overview of VP8, an open source video codec for the web,” in Proc. IEEE Int. Conf. Multimedia and Expo, pp. 1–6 , Jul. 2011.

VP.4. M. Rerabek and T. Ebrahimi, “Comparison of compression efficiency between HEVC/H.265 and VP9 based on subjective assessments”, SPIE Optical Engineering + Applications, vol. 9217, San Diego, CA, Aug. 2014.

VP.5. D. Mukherjee et al, “An overview of new video coding tools under consideration for VP10: the successor to VP9,” [9599 – 50], SPIE. Optics + photonics, Applications of DIGITAL IMAGE PROCESSING, XXXVIII, San Diego, California, USA, 9 – 13, Aug. 2015. Debargha Mukherjee email: [e-mail]

Please see the last slide below:

Conclusions

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  Modest progress towards a next generation codec
  
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  A long way to go still
  
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  Need a few big ideas
  
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  Welcome to join the VP10 effort!
  
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  All development in the open.
  
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  Join the discussion with fellow developers
  
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  The mailing list and group information can be found at
  

http://www.webmproject.org/about/discuss/

VP.6. D. Mukherjee et al, “The latest open – source video codec VP9 – an overview and preliminary results,” Proc. IEEE picture coding Symposium, pp. 390 -393, San Jose, CA, Dec. 2013.

VP.7. D. Mukherjee et al, “A Technical overview of VP9 - the latest open – source video codec,” SMPTE Motion Imaging Journal, Jan / Feb 2015.

VP.8. E. Ohwovoriole, and Y. Andreopoulos, "Rate-Distortion performance of contemporary video codecs: comparison of Google/WebM VP8, AVC/H.264 and HEVC TMuC," Proc. London Communications Symposium (LCS), pp. 1-4, Sept. 2010.

VP.9. J. Bankoski, P. Wilkins and X. Yaowu, "Technical overview of VP8, an open source video codec for the web," IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo (ICME), pp.1-6, 11-15 July 2011.

VP.10. Chromium® open-source browser project, VP9 source code, Online: http://git.chromium.org/gitweb/?p=webm/libvpx.git;a=tree;f=vp9;hb=aaf61dfbcab414bfacc3171 501be17d191ff8506

VP.11. J. Bankoski, et al, “Towards a next generation open-source video codec,” Proc. SPIE 8666, Visual Information Processing and Communication IV, pp.1-13, Feb. 21, 2013,

VP.12. E. de la Torre, R.R. Sanchez and J.L. Martinez, “Fast video transcoding from HEVC to VP9”, IEEE Trans. on Consumer electronics, vol. 61, pp.336-343, Aug. 2015. (This has several valuable references on H.264 to HEVC, MPEG-2 to HEVC, and H.264 to SVC transcoders.) also “HEVC to VP9 transcoder”, IEEE VCIP 2015.

VP.13 See J. Padia, “Complexity reduction for VP6 to H.264 transcoder using motion vector reuse”, M.S. Thesis, EE Dept., University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas, May 2010. http://www.uta.edu/faculty/krrao/dip click on courses and then click on EE5359 Scroll down and go to Thesis/Project Title and click on Jay Padia. Develop similar technique for VP9 to HEVC transcoder.

VP.14 “VP9 video codec”, https://www.webmproject.org/vp9

VP.15 G. Paim et al, “An efficient sub-sample interpolator hardware for VP9-10 standards”, IEEE ICIP, Phoenix, Arizona, Sept. 2016.

VP.16 D. Mukherjee, et al, "A technical overview of vp9 – the latest open-source video codec", SMPTE, vol. 2013, no. 10, pp. 1-17, Annual technical conference and exhibition, 22-24 Oct. 2013.

VP-P1 By cleverly using the information from the decoding process (HEVC) to accelerate the encoding process (VP9), the authors [VP12] have achieved significant reduction in encoding complexity (VP9) with negligible loss in PSNR. However BD bit rate BD PSNR and SSIM metrics have not been used. Include these metrics in evaluating the transcoder.

VP-P2 See VP.5. VP10 being developed as next generation codec by Google and successor to VP9 is an open source royalty free codec. VP9 is currently being served extensively by You Tube resulting in billions of views daily. This paper describes several tools that are proposed (beyond VP9 with the objective of improving the compression ratio (reduced bit rate) while preserving the same visual quality as VP9. (This is similar to development of H.265/HEVC in comparison with H.264/AVC). VP10 project is in still early stages and Google welcomes proposals in its development from researchers and developers. The tools (listed below) being evaluated in [VP-1] are subject to change including the exploration of new tools. Implement each of these tools separately and evaluate their performance compared with baseline codec VP9. Use the three test sets as described under section 3 coding results. Please confirm the improvements caused by these tools over VP9 as described in Tables 1 through 5. Implementation complexity caused by these tools needs also to be considered as another performance metric. Evaluate this in comparison with VP9. Explore / innovate additional tools that can further improve the coding efficiency of VP10. The authors state that VP10 development is an open – source project, and they invite the rest of the video coding community to join the effort to create tomorrow’s royalty free codec.

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  New coding tools, new ways of combining existing/new methods
  
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  Several experiments and investigative threads underway
  
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  High bit-depth internal
  
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  Prediction tools
  
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  Transform coding tools
  
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  Screen content coding
  
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  Miscellaneous
  

VP-P3 See VP.4 and VP.8 Performance comparison of HEVC, VP9 and H.264/MPEG 4 AVC in terms of subjective evaluations showing actual differences between encoding algorithms in terms of perceived quality is implemented. The authors indicate a dominance of HEVC based encoding algorithms compared to both VP9 and H.264/MPEG 4 AVC over wide range of bit rates. Extend this comparison in terms of PSNR, BD-bit rates, BD-PSNR, SSIM and implementation complexity. Consider various test sequences at different spatial and temporal resolutions.

VP-P4 Performance comparison of SDCT with DCT and DDCT is investigated in [E392]. In VP10 INTDCT is used. Replace INTDCT with INTSDCT and implement the performance comparison based on various test sequences including 4K and 8K and different block sizes. See the Tables and Figures in [E392].

Integrating inside VP10 might require a significant amount of work, as the transform has to be inserted in the rate-distortion optimization loop, and auxiliary information may have to be signaled. What can be easily done is to take the VP10 integer transform and rotate the transform using the technique developed in [E392] thus obtaining a rotated transform.

VP-P5 See [E393]. Apply the FCDR to VP10 codec both as a post processing operation and as an in loop (embedded) operation. Implement the projects for VP10 similar to those described in P.5.268 and P.5.269.