Waste generation and resource recovery in Australia
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Reporting period 2010/11 Final report prepared for 4 February 2014 Reporting period 2010/11 Final report version 2.6 4 February 2014 Disclaimer This report has been prepared for While all professional care has been undertaken in preparing this report, Blue Environment Pty Ltd cannot accept any responsibility for any use of or reliance on the contents of this report by any third party. © ABN 78 118 663 997 Suite 212B, 757 Bourke Street, Docklands Vic 3008 email: blue@blueenvironment.com.au web: www.blueenvironment.com.au Phone +61 3 8102 9372 +61 3 5426 3536
CONTENTS Executive summary 6 1.Introduction 14 1.Introduction 14 a)Report structure 15 b)Data layout 15 2.Per capita and total tonnage data. This outlines how much waste the jurisdiction generated in per person and in total, and provides data on the management of the waste materials (i.e. was it recycled, recovered for energy or disposed). 15 3.Waste stream data. This summarises the sources of waste, i.e. the amount derived from MSW, C&I or C&D activities. 15 4.Material category data and analysis. This presents the amounts of the main materials (i.e. metal, plastic, organics, etc.) that make up the generated waste. 15 5.Waste reuse data (where available). Where waste reuse data has been provided by the jurisdiction, it is included as a total tonnage only (see section 30 for further discussion). 15 a)Data reliability 16 b)Other notes on the data 16 6.Waste data context 17 6.Waste data context 17 a)Population 17 b)Economic activity — gross state product 19 c)Average income per capita 20 d)Urbanisation 21 7.Australia 2010/11 22 7.Australia 2010/11 22 a)Australia 2010/11 total and per capita tonnage and resource recovery rate 22 b)Australia 2010/11 waste stream data 24 i)Australia 2010/11 waste stream data by jurisdiction 25 c)Australia 2010/11 data by material category 27 i)Masonry material 27 ii)Metals 27 iii)Organics 27 iv)Paper and cardboard 28 v)Plastics 28 vi)Glass 28 vii)Other 28 viii)Hazardous 28 ix)Fly ash 28 8.National trends, 2006/07 to 2010/11 29 8.National trends, 2006/07 to 2010/11 29 9.International data comparison 32 9.International data comparison 32 a)Waste generation 32 b)Municipal solid waste trends 34 i)Methods of MSW disposal 35 ii)Broad international comparison 36 10.Australian Capital Territory 40 10.Australian Capital Territory 40 a)ACT 2010/11 40 i)Per capita waste generation and resource recovery rate 40 ii)Total waste generated 40 iii)Material categories 40 iv)Waste streams 40 b)ACT trends 2006/07 to 2010/11 42 i)ACT waste reuse data 2006/07 to 2010/11 43 11.New South Wales 44 11.New South Wales 44 a)NSW 2010/11 44 i)Per capita waste generation and resource recovery rate 44 ii)Total waste generated 44 iii)Waste streams 44 iv)Material categories 44 b)NSW trends 2006/07 to 2010/11 46 12.Northern Territory 48 12.Northern Territory 48 a)NT 2010/11 48 i)Data reliability 48 ii)Per capita waste generation and resource recovery rate 48 iii)Total waste generated 48 iv)Waste streams 48 v)Material categories 48 b)NT trends 2006 – 10 48 13.Queensland 50 13.Queensland 50 a)Qld 2010/11 50 i)Per capita waste generation and resource recovery rate 50 ii)Total waste generated 50 iii)Waste streams 50 iv)Material categories 50 b)Qld trends 2008/09 to 2011/12 52 14.South Australia 54 14.South Australia 54 a)SA 2010/11 54 i)Per capita waste generation and resource recovery rate 54 ii)Total waste generated 54 iii)Waste streams 54 iv)Material categories 54 b)SA trends 2006/07 to 2010/11 56 15.Tasmania 58 15.Tasmania 58 a)Tas 2010/11 58 i)Per capita waste generation and resource recovery rate 58 ii)Total waste generated 58 iii)Waste streams 58 iv)Material categories 58 b)Tas trends 2006/07 to 2010/11 60 16.Victoria 62 16.Victoria 62 a)Vic 2010/11 62 i)Reconciliation with Vic reported data 62 ii)Per capita waste generation and resource recovery rate 62 iii)Total waste generated 62 iv)Waste streams 62 v)Material categories 62 b)Vic trends 2006/07 to 2010/11 64 17.Western Australia 66 17.Western Australia 66 a)WA 2010/11 66 i)Per capita waste generation and resource recovery rate 66 ii)Total waste generated 66 iii)Waste streams 66 iv)Material categories 66 b)WA trends 2006/07 to 2010/11 68 18.Data summary tables (2010/11) 71 18.Data summary tables (2010/11) 71 a)Data sources for jurisdictions’ data sections 10 – 18 82 19.Organic waste data analysis 84 19.Organic waste data analysis 84 a)National and jurisdictional recovery 85 b)Recovery trends 88 c)Trends by jurisdiction 89 d)Products and markets 90 20.Product-specific (product stewardship) data 94 20.Product-specific (product stewardship) data 94 a)TVs and computers recycling scheme 94 b)MobileMuster (mobile phones) 95 c)FluoroCycle (mercury-containing lamps) 96 d)Australian Packaging Covenant 96 e)Product stewardship for end-of-life tyres 97 21.Local government data 100 21.Local government data 100 22.Waste management frameworks (strategies, policies and targets) 102 22.Waste management frameworks (strategies, policies and targets) 102 23.Barriers to resource recovery 113 23.Barriers to resource recovery 113 24.The environmental impacts of waste management 116 24.The environmental impacts of waste management 116 a)The environmental impact of landfills 116 i)Landfills in Australia 116 ii)Landfill leachate and its management 117 iii)Landfill gas and its management 118 iv)Greenhouse gas emissions from landfill 118 b)The environmental impacts of other waste operations 120 c)Environmental impacts of waste electrical and electronic equipment 121 d)Dumping and littering 123 e)The environmental benefits of resource recovery 123 i)Embodied greenhouse gas in waste disposal to landfill 124 25.Waste data collation definitions 126 25.Waste data collation definitions 126 a)Materials consumption 126 1.primary production of raw materials (mining) and livestock (agriculture) 126 26.raw material processing 126 27.manufacturing of products and materials 126 28.consumer use (consumption) 127 29.waste generation. 127 a)Waste 127 i)All waste 127 ii)Solid waste 129 b)Waste avoidance 129 c)Reuse 130 d)Recycling 130 e)Energy recovery 131 f)Treatment 131 g)Disposal 131 h)Waste generation 132 i)Resource recovery 132 j)Resource recovery rate 133 30.Scope and method of data reporting 135 30.Scope and method of data reporting 135 31.Data sources and assumptions 138 31.Data sources and assumptions 138 References (from report & associated workbooks) 140 Appendices NSW data quality declaration 147 Tables Figures Abbreviations
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