West Coast Publishing Ocean 2014 affirmative page



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West Coast Publishing Ocean 2014 AFFIRMATIVE Page


West Coast Publishing


Ocean 2014

Affirmative

Edited by Jim Hanson
Researchers

Alex Zendeh, Alyssa Lucas-Bolin, Ben Menzies, Eric Robinson,

Greta Stahl, Matt Stannard, William James Taylor

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Resolved: The United States federal government should substantially increase its non-military exploration and/or development of the Earth's oceans.




WEST COAST DEBATE



OCEAN 2014-2015

AFFIRMATIVE
Resolved: The United States federal government should substantially increase its non-military exploration and/or development of the Earth's oceans.
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Table of Contents





Resolved: The United States federal government should substantially increase its non-military exploration and/or development of the Earth's oceans. 2

WEST COAST DEBATE 3

Table of Contents 4

Topic Wording 5

Debating on the Affirmative 11

Biodiversity of Ocean in Trouble 16

General Biodiversity 17

Biodiversity Declining 18

Biodiversity loss = extinction 19

AT: Climate Change = Impacts Inevitable 20

Ocean-Specific Impacts 21

Ocean Ecosystems Collapsing Now 22

Ocean Ecosystems Collapsing Now 23

Oceans Prevent Extinction 24

Oceans Prevent Extinction 25

AT: Oceans Too Far Gone 26

AT: Adaptation 27

Ocean Acidification 28

Ocean Acidification 29

US-China Yes Conflict 30

Conflict Now - Naval 31

Conflict Now – East China Sea 32

Conflict Now – South China Seas 33

Conflict Now - Taiwan 34

US Russia Yes Conflict 35

Conflict Now - Ukraine 36

Conflict Now – Arctic 37

Conflict Now – Missile Defense 38

Conflict Now - Syria 39

Conflict Now - Syria 40

Aquaculture Aff Description 41

Aquaculture 1AC 42

1AC-Inherency 43

1AC-Environment Advantage 44

1AC-Blue Revolution Advantage 47

1AC-Plan 52

1AC-Solvency 53

Aquacultural Aff Extensions 55

Environment-Regulations I/L 56

Environment-Fisheries I/L 57

Environment-Open-Ocean Solves 58

Enviornment-Public Trust Doctrine 59

Overfishing Extensions 60

Environment-Policy Intervention Possible 61

Environment-Overfishing Extension 62

A2 Can’t Come Back Past Tipping Point 63

Solvency Extensions-Federal Regulations Key 64

Solvency Extensions-Federal Regulations Key 65

Solvency Extensions-Federal Regulations Key 66

Fish/Aquaculture K2 Food Security Ext’s 67

Fish/Aquaculture K2 Food Security Ext’s 68

Fish/Aquaculture K2 Food Security Ext’s 69

Fish/Aquaculture K2 Food Security Ext’s 70

Oceans Impact Extension 71

Must Shift from China Extension 72

China=Leader Now Extension 73

States CP Perm 74

States CP Solvency Deficit 75

A2 Amend the NAA Counterplan 76

A2 Courts CP 77

A2 Urban/Land Aquaculture CP 78

A2 I-Law/UNCLOS DA 80

A2 Antibiotic Resistance Turn 81

A2 Disease Impact 82

A2 Disease Impact 83

Marine Reserves Aff Description 84

Marine Reserves 1AC 85

Marine Reserves 1AC 86

Marine Reserves 1AC 87

Marine Reserves 1AC 88

Marine Reserves 1AC 89

Marine Reserves 1AC 90

Marine Reserves 1AC 91

Marine Reserves Aff Extensions 92

Topicality: Reserves and Protection Are Development 93

Inherency Extensions 94

Reserve Network Solvency 95

Reserve Network Solvency 97

Reserve Network Solvency 98

Reserve-Specific Solvency 99

Climate Mitigation Add-on Advantage 100

International Law Add-On Advantage 101

International Cooperation Solvency 102

Biodiversity Advantage: Reserves Increase Biodiversity 104

Biodiversity Impacts 105

Reserves Solve Biodiversity 106

Biodiversity Impact Uniqueness 107

Overfishing: Time Frame 108

Overfishing: Time Frame 109

Overfishing Causes Global Famine 110

Overfishing Causes Global Famine 111

Reserves solve overfishing 112

Reserves Solve Overfishing 113

Overfishing Causes Species Extinction 114

Answers to Anthropocentrism and Deep Ecology 115

Answers to Anthropocentrism and Deep Ecology 116

AT Economy Disadvantages: Protection Doesn’t Harm Economy 117

AT Economy Disadvantages: Protection Doesn’t Harm Economy 118

AT Political Disadvantages: Plan is Not Politically Controversial 119

Ocean Renewables MHK Aff Description 120

Ocean Renewables MHK 1AC 122

Ocean Renewables MHK Aff Extensions 132

Inherency Ext. 133

FY2015 budget reduced investment 134

Not widely deployed now 135

Solvency 136

Federal government investment is key 137

Federal investment leads to commercialization 139

Advantage One: Climate Change Extension 140

Solves energy security / meets electricity needs 141

Solves energy security / meets electricity needs 143

New investment is essential 144

Reducing emissions is key 145

Reduces fossil fuels / emissions 147

Fossil fuels for electricity causes huge emissions 149

Reduces fossil fuels / tidal energy 150

Impact Extension – Climate change 151

Biodiversity Advantage 153

Biodiversity Advantage 154

MHK technologies cause an “artificial reef” effect 156

Biodiversity Impacts - Oceans 157

Tidal Energy Good 158

Tidal power can displace fossil fuels 159

Wave Energy Good 160

Wave Energy – Clean and Effective 161

Wave Energy – Clean and Effective 162

A2: Case turns 163

A2: Collisions and displacement 164

A2: EMF / Noise pollution 166

A2: Disadvantages and CPs 167

A2: States CP/Federalism 168

A2: Studies CP 170

Kritik Answers 171

A2: Managerialism 172

Topicality Answers 174

A2: Topicality (development) 175

Ocean Global Health Disad 176

1NC Shell-UQ 177

1NC Shell- Development Link 178

1NC Shell- Exploration Link 179

1NC Shell- Impact 180

***UQ Ext.*** 181

UQ- Tipping Point 182

UQ- Tipping Point 183

UQ- Tipping Point 184

UQ- Structural 185

UQ- International Efforts Now 186

UQ- International Efforts Now 187

UQ- Whale Populations on Brink 188

***Link Ext.*** 189

Exploration- Sonar 190

Exploration- Sonar Kills Species 191

Exploration- Oil (Offshore Drilling) 192

Exploration- Natural Gas 193

Exploration/ Production (Oil/Gas)- Noise Pollution 194

Ships- Gotta Build More 195

Ships- Burn Dirty Fuel 196

Development- General 197

Development- Oil (Offshore Drilling) 198

Development- Oil (Offshore Drilling) 199

Geothermal 200

Tourism 201

***Impact Ext.*** 202

Whales- Environment- Species/ Climate Change 203

Whales- Environment- Laundry List 204

Whales- Economy 205

Overfishing/ Fish loss- A/T “Species Resilient” 206

Overfishing/ Species Loss- “Tipping Point” 207

Overfishing/ Shark Loss—Coral Reef 208

Coral Reef- Laundry List 209

Noise Pollution- Sonar 210

Noise Pollution- Sonar 211

Oil Production Kills Environment 212

Oil Production Kills Environment 213

Oil Production= Runaway Climate Change 214

Oil Production Kills Environment 215

Ocean Acidification= Species Loss 216

Ocean Acidification= Species Loss 217

Sea Level Rise 218

Sea Level Rise 219

Oceans Prevent Human Extinction/ Turns Economy 220

Oceans Prevent Human Extinction/ Turns Economy 221

Oceans Prevent Human Extinction 222

Oceans Prevent Human Extinction 223

Oceans Prevent Human Extinction 224

Oceans Prevent Human Extinction 225

Disad O/W Exploration 226

Climate Change= Human Extinction 227

Climate Change= Real/ Human Caused/ Extinction 228

***Random Section*** 229

A/T “Protected Zones Check Impact” 230

Offshore Drilling- Spills Inevitable 231

***Aff Answers*** 232

Link Turn- Exploration 233

Link Turn- Exploration 234

Link Turn- Exploration 235

A/T Climate Change- Ocean Specific 236

A/T Climate Change- Alt Cause- Fossil Fuels 237

A/T Climate Change- Alt Cause- Fossil Fuels/ Deforestation 238

A/T Climate Change- Inevitable 239

A/T Climate Change- No Extinction 240

A/T Climate Change- Adaptation Solves 241

A/T Coral Reef 242

A/T Coral Reef 243

A/T Coral Reef 244

A/T Species Loss/ Overfishing 245

A/T Species Loss/ Overfishing 246

A/T Species Loss/ Overfishing 247

A/T Noise Pollution (General) 248

A/T Whales- Alt Causes 249

A/T Whales- No Link 250

A/T Whales- Populations Increasing/ Resilient 251

A/T Oil Spills- Low Impact- History 252

A/T Oil Spills- Low Impact- Natural Seeps Prove 253

Oceans Resilient- Species 254

Oceans Resilient- Microbes 255

Oceans Resilient- Radiation Proves 256

Oceans Resilient- Radiation Proves 257

No Human Extinction- Technology Checks 258

No Human Extinction- Adaptability 259

Alt Causes- Pollution Now/ Human Overpopulation 260

Alt Causes- Pollution Now/ Human Overpopulation 261

No UQ- Oceans Collapsing Now 262

Offshore Wind Aff Description 263

Offshore Wind 1AC 264

1AC 265


1AC 267

1AC 269


1AC 271

1AC 273


Offshore Wind Aff Extensions 274

Inherency Ext. 275

Oil Lobby Prevents Investment (Attitudinal) 276

ITC Not Extended Now 277

Advantage: Economic Growth Ext. 278

Jobs Internal Links 279

Manufacturing Sector Key 280

Winds Protects Against Billions in Damages 281

Coastal Population Growth Magnifies the Impacts 282

Uniqueness – Growth Minimal Now / U.S. Key 283

Impact Ext. 284

Advantage: Hurricanes Ext. 286

Worse Hurricanes Are Inevitable 287

Internal Links 290

Even Small Wind Farms Good 292

Impact Ext. – Biodiversity Internal Links 293

Impact Ext. – Biodiversity Impacts 295

Better Than Sea Walls 296

Advantage: Ocean Biodiversity Internal Links 297

Internal Links – Wind Farms Boost Biodiversity (General) 298

Internal Links (Habitats/Reef Effect) 299

Internal Links (Fish Stocks) 301

A2: Construction Hurts Biodiversity 303

A2: Avian Collisions 305

A2: Avian Collisions 306

A2: Noise Pollution 307

A2: Noise Pollution 308

Advantage: Climate Change Internal Links 310

Climate Change Internal Links 311

Solvency Ext. 313

Federal Action / ITC Key 314

Offshore wind has huge energy potential 316

Offshore wind displaces fossil fuels 318

A2: Technical Problems 319

A2: Case Turns 320

A2: General Case Turns 321

A2: Case Outweighs 322

A2: Ship Collisions 323

A2: Disadvantages and CPs 324

A2: Disadvantage / Turn Uniqueness 325

A2: Coal Disadvantages 326

A2: Politics – Bipartisan Support 327

A2: Agency CPs 328

A2: Agency CPs 329

UNCLOS Aff Description 330

UNCLOS 1AC 331

1AC - Arctic 332

1AC - Arctic 333

1AC - Arctic 334

1AC - China 335

1AC - China 336

1AC - China 337

UNCLOS Aff Extensions 338

Arctic Advantage 339

Arctic Conflict Coming 340

Arctic Conflict Coming 341

Arctic Conflict Impacts 342

Arctic Conflict Solvency 343

Arctic Environment Impact 344

Arctic Environment Impact – Food Wars 345

Arctic Environment Solvency 346

Arctic Hegemony Impact 347

China Advantage 348

China Conflict Coming 349

China Solvency 350

Other Advantages 351

Naval Power Projection 352

XT: Naval Power Projection 353

Trade 355

Offshore Mining 356

US Economy 357

AT: Economy DA 359

2AC AT: Econ DA 360

2AC AT: Econ DA 361

2AC AT: Sovereignty Link 362

1AR XT: Resource Access 363

AT: Burdensome Regulations 364

AT: Taxation/Re-Distribution 365

Other DA Answers 366

AT: Politics 367

AT: Sovereignty DA 368

AT: Counterplans 369

AT: UNCLOS Ratification Not Key to Resource Development 370

AT: Topicality 371

AT: Topicality - Development 372

China US Conflict DA - Aff Responses 373

Non Unique 374

Inevitable 376

No Link - Competition 377

No Link- Cooperative Development 379

No Link- Cooperative Development 380

Link Turn- Conservation  Coop 381

AT: Chinese Soft Power 382

No Impact – US/China War 383

AT: Miscalculation 384

No Impact – Asian Conflict 385

Impact Turn- Chinese Ocean Domination Kills Env 386

Impact Turn- Chinese Ocean Domination Kills Env 387

China Alt Energy DA Aff Responses 388

No Chinese Alternative Energy 389

No Chinese Economic Growth 390

AT: Zero Sum 391

AT: Zero Sum 392

AT: Zero Sum 393

No Chinese Alternative Energy 394

AT: US China War 395

AT: US China War 397

China is Resilient 398

AT: China Key to Global Economy 399

Chinese Growth Unsustainble 400

Chinese Growth Unsustainable 401

Chinese Growth Unsustainable 402

US Alternative Energy Good 403

Fishing Industry DA Aff Responses 404

Uniqueness Answers – Fishing industry not strong now 405

Uniqueness Answers – Economy is Weak Now 406

Link Answers - Aquaculture 407

Link Answers - Marine Renewables 408

Link Answers – Marine Reserves/MPAs/No-Take zones 409

Link Answers – Marine Reserves/MPAs/No-Take zones 410

Link Answers – Marine Reserves/MPAs/No-Take zones 411

Link Answers – Offshore Wind 412

Link Answers – Offshore Wind 413

Link Answers – Regulations are Good 414

Link Answers – Regulations are Good 415

Impact Answers – No internal link 416

Impact Answers – Economic collapse does not lead to war 417

Impact Answers – Economic collapse does not lead to war 418

Impact Answers – No economic collapse 419

Economic Collapse Inevitable 420

Impact Answers – Economic growth is bad 421

Impact Answers – Economic growth is bad 422

Ocean Climate Change DA Aff Responses 423

Link Turn- Exploration 424

Link Turn- Exploration 425

Link Turn- Exploration 426

A/T Climate Change- Ocean Specific 427

A/T Climate Change- Ocean Specific 428

A/T Climate Change- Alt Cause- Fossil Fuels 429

A/T Climate Change- Alt Cause- Fossil Fuels/ Deforestation 430

A/T Climate Change- Inevitable 431

A/T Climate Change- No Extinction 432

A/T Climate Change- Adaptation Solves 433

A/T Coral Reef 434

A/T Coral Reef 435

A/T Coral Reef 436

A/T Species Loss/ Overfishing 437

A/T Species Loss/ Overfishing 438

A/T Species Loss/ Overfishing 439

A/T Noise Pollution (General) 440

A/T Whales- Alt Causes 441

A/T Whales- No Link 442

A/T Whales- Populations Increasing/ Resilient 443

A/T Oil Spills- Low Impact- History 444

A/T Oil Spills- Low Impact- Natural Seeps Prove 445

Oceans Resilient- Species 446

Oceans Resilient- Microbes 447

Oceans Resilient- Radiation Proves 448

Oceans Resilient- Radiation Proves 449

No Human Extinction- Technology Checks 450

No Human Extinction- Adaptability 451

Alt Causes- Pollution Now/ Human Overpopulation 452

Alt Causes- Pollution Now/ Human Overpopulation 453

No UQ- Oceans Collapsing Now 454

EU CP- Aff Responses 455

2AC Perm 456

2AC EU Fails 457

No Solvency – Environmental Regs 458

No Solvency – Marine Biotech 459

No Solvency – Ocean Energy 460

Geoengineering CP Aff Responses 461

Geoengineering Fails 462

Geoengineering Fails 463

AT: Afforestation 465

AT: Iron Fertilization 466

AT: Aerosols 467

Seabasing CP Aff Responses 468

Seabasing Bad – Allied Freakout 469

Seabasing Bad – Intra-Military Conflict 470

Seabasing Fails 471

Seabasing Fails 472

CP Links to Politics 473

Eco Security Kritik Aff Responses 474

AT: Warming Disaster Reps Cause Apathy 475

AT: Environmental Disaster Reps Cause Militarism/Authoritarianism 477

AT: Local Movements Solve Warming 478

AT: Wish Away System 479

AT: Anthro 480

AT: Serial Policy Failure 481

AT: Structural Violence 482

AT: Liberal Internationalism is Flawed 483

AT: Environmental Securitization Bad 484

AT: Can’t Solve Warming With Security Mindset 485

AT: Warming Reps Cause Paralysis 486

Alt Fails 487

Alt Fails 488

Alt Fails 489

AT: Threat Con => War 490

AT: Security -> War 491

AT: Threat Con 492

AT: Alternative Solves Backlash 493

No Alternatives To Realism 494

AT: X is the Root Cause 495

Framework 496

Realism True 497

Realism True 498

Neolib Resilient 499

Ocean Management Kritik Aff Responses 500

Impact Answers 501

Impact Answers – Biopower 502

Impact Answers – Env. Securitization Good 504

Impact Answers – Standing Reserve 506

Managerialism Answers 507

Managerialism Answers – Luke is wrong/Alternative fails 508

Managerialism Answers – Luke is wrong/Economy Turn 510

Managerialism Answers - Good (General) 512

Managerialism Answers - Good (Fisheries/Famine turn) 514

Managerialism Answers - Good (Fisheries/Famine Extension) 515

Managerialism Answers - Good (Oceans) 516

Managerialism Answers - Good (MPAs/Marine Reserves) 518

Permutations 519

Permutation Solvency – Ocean Agency 520

Permutation Solvency – Environmental Pragmatism/Pluralism 521

Permutation Solvency – Environmental Pragmatism/Policy Key 523






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