Wltp-2013-019 Consolidated Draft gtr 12. 04. 2013 Running history of the consolidated draft gtr
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- *********************************************************************** PROPOSED DRAFT SECTION B.4.: SYMBOLS
POWERTRAIN "Combustion engine (CE)” means an energy converter with intermittent or continuous oxidation of combustible material; “Compression ignition engine” means an engine which uses the latent heat built up by compressing air inside a combustion chamber as the means for igniting fuel; “Compression ignition engine” means an engine in which combustion is initiated by heat produced from compression of the air in the cylinder or combustion space; “Drivetrain” means the connected elements of the powertrain, downstream of the final energy converter; “Dual-fuel vehicle” means a vehicle containing a fuel delivery system blending two different fuels taken from two separated fuel storage systems, where the consumed amount of one of the fuels relative to the other one may vary depending on operation. “Flex-fuel vehicle” means a vehicle with one fuel storage system containing a blended fuel; “Fuel storage system” means a refillable chemical energy storage system on board of the vehicle; "Combustion engine (CE)” means an energy converter with intermittent or continuous oxidation of combustible material; "Mechanical ReESS" means a system storing mechanical energy; "Mono-fuel gaseous vehicle" means a mono-fuel vehicle that runs primarily on LPG, NG/biomethane, or hydrogen but may also have a petrol system for emergency purposes or for starting only, where the petrol tank does not contain more than [15] litres of petrol; “Mono-fuel vehicle” means a vehicle that is designed to run primarily on one type of fuel; “Powertrain” means the combination of energy storage system(s), energy converter(s) and drivetrain(s), [for the purpose of vehicle propulsion]. Ancillary devices are not considered as devices for the purpose of vehicle propulsion; “Pure combustion engine (CE) vehicle” means a vehicle equipped with a powertrain containing exclusively combustion engines as energy converter. OR: “Pure combustion engine (CE) vehicle” means a vehicle where all energy converters are combustion engines. “Rechargeable energy storage system (ReESS)” means a system storing energy carriers other than fuels; GENERAL “Ambient condition test” means verifying the average exhaust emissions after a cold start during a test carried out at a set point 296 K with a tolerance of the actual value of ± 5 K and [5.5 ≤ H ≤ 12.2 g H2O/kg dry air]; “Auxiliaries” are additional equipment and/or devices not required for vehicle operation; "Catalytic converter" or "catalyst" means an emission pollution control device which converts toxic by-products of combustion in the exhaust of an engine to less toxic other substances by way of catalysed chemical reactions; “Default mode” means the mode in which the vehicle is started. All driver-selectable modes are deactivated with a key ON ignition event; “Default mode” means the mode in which the vehicle starts. All settings [buttons] must be deactivated with a new key ON ignition event; “Default mode” means a single mode which is always selected when the vehicle is switched on regardless of the operating mode selected when the vehicle was previously shut down. The default mode must not be able to be redefined by the customer/dealer;
"Gaseous emissions species" means carbon monoxide (CO), oxides of nitrogen expressed in terms of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) equivalence, and hydrocarbons (HC), assuming a ratio of: C1H1.85 for petrol, C1H1.86 for diesel fuel; "Gaseous emissions species" means carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons and/or non-methane hydrocarbons (assuming a ratio of CH1.85 for diesel, CH2.525 for LPG and CH2.93 for NG, and an assumed molecule CH3O0.5 for ethanol fuelled diesel engines), methane (assuming a ratio of CH4 for NG) and oxides of nitrogen (expressed in nitrogen dioxide (NO2) equivalent); "Gaseous emissions species" means exhaust gas emissions of carbon monoxide (CO), oxides of nitrogen (NOx) expressed in nitrogen dioxide (NO2) equivalent and hydrocarbons (HC); "Kerb mass" means …………. “Mode” means a distinct driver-selectable condition that affects emissions, and fuel and energy consumption; “Positive ignition engine” means an engine in which combustion is initiated by a localised high temperature in the cylinder produced by energy supplied from a source external to the cylinder; “Reference conditions” with regards to calculating the mass of emissions means the conditions upon which gas densities are based, namely 101.33 kPa and 273.2 K; "Tailpipe emissions" or "exhaust emissions" means the emission of gaseous species and particulate matter at the tailpipe of the vehicle; "Useful life" means the relevant period of distance and/or time over which compliance with the relevant gaseous and particulate emission limits has to be assured; PM/PN “Buoyancy correction” means correction of the PM mass measurement to account for the effect of filter buoyancy in air; “Particle number” means the total number of particles in the diluted exhaust gas; "Particulate matter (PM)" means any material collected on a specified filter medium after diluting exhaust with clean filtered air to a temperature between 315 K (42 °C) and 325 K (52 °C), as measured at a point immediately upstream of the filter; "Particulate matter "Particulate matter" means components of the exhaust gas which are removed from the diluted exhaust gas at a maximum temperature of 325 K (52 °C) by means of the filters described in the test procedure for verifying average tailpipe emissions; “Particulate matter weighing chamber” means a chamber used for the determination of the mass of filters; “Tare weight” means the weight of an empty vessel or container; “Weighing chamber” means a chamber used to determine the mass of filters; CYCLE
“Class 1 vehicles” means vehicles having a power to kerb mass ratio of ≤ 22 W/kg. “Class 2 vehicles” means vehicles having a power to kerb mass ratio of > 22 but ≤ 34 W/kg. “Class 3 vehicles” means vehicles having a power to kerb mass ratio of > 34 W/kg. "High speed (nhi)" means the "Maximum power (Pmax)" means the maximum power of an engine in kW as specified by the manufacturer; “Maximum speed (vmax)” means the maximum speed of a vehicle as declared by the manufacturer (ECE-R 68) and not that which may be artificially restricted; "Maximum vehicle speed (vmax)” is the maximum speed of the vehicle as declared by the manufacturer, measured in accordance with European Union (EU) Directive 95/1/EC;
obtained from the engine as specified by the manufacturer; “Rated engine speed” means the rotational speed at which an engine develops maximum power; “Rated power” means the maximum engine power as declared by the manufacturer; PROCEDURE “Continuous regeneration” means a regeneration of an anti-pollution device which occurs at least once per WLTP-DHC test and that has already regenerated at least once during the vehicle pre-conditioning cycle. Exhaust aftertreatment systems featuring continuous regeneration do not require a special test procedure. "Continuous regeneration" means the regeneration process of an exhaust aftertreatment system that occurs either permanently or at least once per WHTC hot start test. Such a regeneration process will not require a special test procedure. "Continuous regeneration" means the regeneration process of an exhaust aftertreatment system that occurs either in a sustained manner or at least once over the applicable transient test cycle or ramped-modal cycle; in contrast to periodic (infrequent) regeneration; "deNOx system" means an exhaust aftertreatment system, such as passive and active lean NOx catalysts, NOx adsorbers and selective catalytic reduction (SCR) systems, designed to reduce emissions of oxides of nitrogen (NOx) (e.g.); "Driver-selectable operating mode" mean any mode of operation which can be selected by the driver of the vehicle; “Multi-mode” means that more than one operating mode can be selected by the driver or automatically set; "Multiplicative factor" means a number used to multiply the regeneration factor Ki for emissions species during periodic regeneration; "Additive factor" means a unit of mass emissions added to the measured mass emissions during periodic regeneration; "Multiplicative factor" means a factor used for adjusting emissions due to regeneration; "Adjustment factors" mean additive (upward adjustment factor and downward adjustment factor) or multiplicative factors to be considered during the periodic (infrequent) regeneration; "Additive factor" means an additive factor to be considered during periodic (infrequent) regeneration; "Periodic regeneration” means an anti-pollution device (e.g. catalytic converter, particulate trap) that requires a periodical regeneration process in less than 4,000 km of normal vehicle operation. During cycles where regeneration occurs, emission standards can be exceeded. If a regeneration of an anti-pollution device occurs at least once per Type I test and has already regenerated at least once during vehicle preparation cycle, it will be considered as a continuously regenerating system which does not require a special test procedure. Annex 6, Appendix I does not apply to continuously regenerating systems. At the request of the manufacturer, the test procedure specific to periodically regenerating systems will not apply to a regenerative device if the manufacturer provides data to the responsible authority that, during cycles where regeneration occurs, emissions remain below the standards applicable to the concerned vehicle category after agreement with the responsible technical authority; "Periodic regeneration” means an anti-pollution device (e.g. catalytic converter, particulate trap) that does not regenerate every WLTP-DHC test cycle, but requires a periodical regeneration process in less than 4,000 km of normal vehicle operation. During cycles where periodic regeneration occurs, emission standards may be exceeded. Test procedures for exhaust aftertreatment systems featuring periodic regeneration are contained in Annex 6. At the request of the manufacturer, and subject to the agreement of the responsible technical authority, the test procedure specific to periodically regenerating systems will not apply to a regenerative device if the manufacturer provides data demonstrating that, during cycles where regeneration occurs, emissions remain below the emissions limits applied by the Contracting Party for the relevant vehicle category. "Periodic regeneration" means the regeneration process of an exhaust aftertreatment system that occurs periodically in typically less than 100 hours of normal engine operation. During cycles where regeneration occurs, emission standards may be exceeded. "Periodic regeneration” means an anti-pollution device that does not regenerate every WLTP-DHC test cycle, but requires a periodical regeneration process in less than 4,000 km of normal vehicle operation. During cycles where periodic regeneration occurs, emission standards may be exceeded. *********************************************************************** PROPOSED DRAFT SECTION B.4.: SYMBOLS 4.1. General symbols
Symbols and abbreviations for fuel composition
Symbols and abbreviations for the chemical components
Abbreviations
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