Present Perfect (Hozirgi Tugallangan Zamon)

Present Perfect (Hozirgi Tugallangan Zamon)

O’tgan zamonda boshlanib tugagan va natijasi hozirda ko`rinib turgan har qanday ish harakat Present Perfect yani hozirgi tugallangan zamon deb ataladi. Ushbu zamonda ish harakat tugallangan bo’lishi kerak. Misol uchun

• O’tgan zamonda boshlanib tugagan va natijasi hozirda ko`rinib turgan har qanday ish harakat Present Perfect yani hozirgi tugallangan zamon deb ataladi. Ushbu zamonda ish harakat tugallangan bo’lishi kerak. Misol uchun

Bu zamonda gaplar tuzish uchun egadan keyin (I, you, we, he, she, it) have yoki has qo’yamiz va fe’lga -ed qo’shamiz. Masalan: I + have + work + ed I have worked. III shaxs birlikda (he, she, it) esa have ni o’rniga has ishlatamiz. He has worked. My mother has cleaned. Have ni qisqartirib ‘ve ko’rinishida has ni esa ‘s ko’rinishida ishlatishimiz mumkin. He‘s worked. I‘ve done my homework.

• Bu zamonda gaplar tuzish uchun egadan keyin (I, you, we, he, she, it) have yoki has qo’yamiz va fe’lga -ed qo’shamiz. Masalan: I + have + work + ed I have worked. III shaxs birlikda (he, she, it) esa have ni o’rniga has ishlatamiz. He has worked. My mother has cleaned. Have ni qisqartirib ‘ve ko’rinishida has ni esa ‘s ko’rinishida ishlatishimiz mumkin. He‘s worked. I‘ve done my homework.

Inkor shakl yasaganimizda esa biz have/has dan keyin not qo’yamiz. I have not done my homework. My mother has not cleaned the room. Ko’pincha qisqartma shaklidan foydalanamiz. have not = haven’t; has not = hasn’t

• Inkor shakl yasaganimizda esa biz have/has dan keyin not qo’yamiz. I have not done my homework. My mother has not cleaned the room. Ko’pincha qisqartma shaklidan foydalanamiz. have not = haven’t; has not = hasn’t

Fe`llar 2 xil bo`ladi . To’g’ri fe’llar va notog’ri fe’llar

• Fe`llar 2 xil bo`ladi . To’g’ri fe’llar va notog’ri fe’llar
• To’g’ri fe’llar (Regular verbs ) To`g`ri fe’ldan o’tgan zamon va tugallangan zamon yasalganda fe`llarga -ed, qo`shimchalari qo’shiladi. Masalan: work – worked; play-played;

Noto’g’ri fe’llar (irregular verbs): Bu fe’llar yuqoridagi qoidaga bo’ysunmaydi. Bu fe’llardan o’tgan zamon yoki perfect da foydalanish uchun -ed qo’shmaymiz. Ularning o’zlarini maxsus o’tgan zamon va sifatdosh shakllari bor. Shulardan foydalanamiz. Maslaan: buy – bought

• Noto’g’ri fe’llar (irregular verbs): Bu fe’llar yuqoridagi qoidaga bo’ysunmaydi. Bu fe’llardan o’tgan zamon yoki perfect da foydalanish uchun -ed qo’shmaymiz. Ularning o’zlarini maxsus o’tgan zamon va sifatdosh shakllari bor. Shulardan foydalanamiz. Maslaan: buy – bought

Bazida o’tgan zamon va o’tgan sifatdosh fe`llari bir xil shaklda bo’lmasligi mumkin. Masalan: break – broke – broken

• Bazida o’tgan zamon va o’tgan sifatdosh fe`llari bir xil shaklda bo’lmasligi mumkin. Masalan: break – broke – broken