Qazi Kholiquzzaman Ahmad Chairman, Bangladesh Unnayan Parishad (bup)



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  • Qazi Kholiquzzaman Ahmad

  • Chairman, Bangladesh Unnayan Parishad (BUP)

  • President, Bangladesh Economic Association (BEA)

  • Email: bup@citech-bd.com


SOUTH ASIA: TACKLING SOCIAL EXCLUSION

  • Scope of the paper



SOUTH ASIA: TACKLING SOCIAL EXCLUSION

  • Social exclusion defined



SOUTH ASIA: TACKLING SOCIAL EXCLUSION

  • Unprecedented advancements but increasing disparities



SOUTH ASIA: TACKLING SOCIAL EXCLUSION

  • Divides as between rich countries and poor countries as well as between the rich and the poor in individual countries have been widening and deepening

  • Also, within the small global rich class, there are differentiations and so are among the deprived people at large



SOUTH ASIA: TACKLING SOCIAL EXCLUSION

  • Social exclusion—dimensions and implications



SOUTH ASIA: TACKLING SOCIAL EXCLUSION

  • The socially excluded are so condemned due to systemic injustices which are even more entrenched in the wake of neo-liberal reforms and globalization

  • The excluded are not a homogeneous category. In fact, they are divided in many ‘societies’, depending on the level of deficits of their economic and social circumstances



SOUTH ASIA: TACKLING SOCIAL EXCLUSION

  • They are also at the forefront of the adverse impact of natural disasters

  • Moreover, it is they who are particularly in harm’s way of HIV/ AIDS, malaria, tuberculosis, and other deadly diseases



SOUTH ASIA: TACKLING SOCIAL EXCLUSION



SOUTH ASIA: TACKLING SOCIAL EXCLUSION



SOUTH ASIA: TACKLING SOCIAL EXCLUSION

  • South Asia is prone to natural disasters (flood, cyclone, storm surge, tornado, drought); to worsen under climate change

  • Each such disaster creates sudden poverty involving significant numbers of people and causes many of the already poor to be further pauperized or become destitute



SOUTH ASIA: TACKLING SOCIAL EXCLUSION

  • The MDG targets of halving the proportion poor and number hungry by 2015 compared to 1990 is sure to remain unfulfilled to a significant extent in South Asia



SOUTH ASIA: TACKLING SOCIAL EXCLUSION

  • The following conditions in South Asia are prevalent mostly among the socially excluded or affect them the most



SOUTH ASIA: TACKLING SOCIAL EXCLUSION



SOUTH ASIA: TACKLING SOCIAL EXCLUSION

  • South Asian children also face other types of crisis including insecurity against preventable and curable diseases, trafficking, forced by poverty to join the labour force, turning into street urchins and eventually drifting into nets of armed social elements



SOUTH ASIA: TACKLING SOCIAL EXCLUSION

  • Women of the socially excluded category suffer from low capability (in the absence of effective public education, health services, and training), little participation in tertiary education as well as in politics and decision-making positions in public or private sectors



SOUTH ASIA: TACKLING SOCIAL EXCLUSION

  • Moreover, dowry requirements, torture at home, and trafficking are also prevent widely among women of the socially excluded category



SOUTH ASIA: TACKLING SOCIAL EXCLUSION

  • In South Asia, governance generally remains less democratic and more extra-democratic

  • Moreover, politics of the countries of the region is generally confrontational



SOUTH ASIA: TACKLING SOCIAL EXCLUSION

  • The kinds of politics and governance that prevail in the South Asian countries in fact abet and cause social exclusion

  • More so, because of adherence to principles and compulsions of neo-liberalism and globalization



SOUTH ASIA: TACKLING SOCIAL EXCLUSION

  • Two specific examples:



SOUTH ASIA: TACKLING SOCIAL EXCLUSION

  • Finally, still on diagnosis in South Asia, let it be noted:



SOUTH ASIA: TACKLING SOCIAL EXCLUSION

  • Conceptual framework for way forward



SOUTH ASIA: TACKLING SOCIAL EXCLUSION

  • Focus on key concepts on which the framework is anchored:



SOUTH ASIA: TACKLING SOCIAL EXCLUSION



SOUTH ASIA: TACKLING SOCIAL EXCLUSION

  • Unity amidst diversity



SOUTH ASIA: TACKLING SOCIAL EXCLUSION

  • People’s (participatory) democracy



SOUTH ASIA: TACKLING SOCIAL EXCLUSION

  • Note: A word on Imagine a New South Asia (INSA)



SOUTH ASIA: TACKLING SOCIAL EXCLUSION



SOUTH ASIA: TACKLING SOCIAL EXCLUSION

  • A list of suggested themes for research and action





SOUTH ASIA: TACKLING SOCIAL EXCLUSION

  • Thank you



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