Structure and dynamics of australia's commercial poultry and ratite industries
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structure and dynamics of australia's commercial poultry and ratite industriesStructure and Dynamics of Australia’s Commercial Poultry and Ratite Industries Report prepared for: The Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry Office of the Chief Veterinary Officer By:
Authors: Dr Peter Scott, Dr Andrew Turner, Dr Susan Bibby, Dr Anthony Chamings Office address: 8/19 Norwood Crescent Moonee Ponds Victoria Australia 3039 Postal address: 16 Learmonth Street Moonee Ponds Victoria, Australia 3039 Tel: +61 (0) 3 93260106 Fax: +61 (0) 3 9372 7576 Email: info@scolexia.com.au Published in June 2005 Updated December 2009 AcknowledgementsAll those involved in this consultancy would like to thank the various industry bodies and individuals who kindly gave their time to provide information about their industry, company or property. Maps of Australia have been adapted from images provided by Geoscience Australia. (c) Copyright Commonwealth of Australia (Geoscience Australia) 2005 Cnr Jerrabomberra Ave & Hindmarsh Drive SYMONSTON ACT 2609 Australia www.ga.gov.au
structure and dynamics of australia's commercial poultry and ratite industries 1 Acknowledgements 3 Acknowledgements 3 Contents 5 Contents 5 Executive Summary 11 Executive Summary 11 Summary of industry change since 2005 12 Summary of industry change since 2005 12 Chapter 1: The Chicken Meat Sector 16 Chapter 1: The Chicken Meat Sector 16 1.1 Introduction 16 1.1 Introduction 16 1.2 Background 16 1.2 Background 16 1.3 Genetic Breeding Stock 17 1.3 Genetic Breeding Stock 17 1.4 Levels of Integration and Live Sales 17 1.4 Levels of Integration and Live Sales 17 1.5 Chicken Meat Markets and Product Movements 18 1.5 Chicken Meat Markets and Product Movements 18 1.6 Typical Structure of Chicken Meat Flocks 20 1.6 Typical Structure of Chicken Meat Flocks 20 1.7 Fertile Egg Movements and Hatcheries 22 1.7 Fertile Egg Movements and Hatcheries 22 1.8 Broiler Grow Outs 24 1.8 Broiler Grow Outs 24 1.9 Horizontal Contacts 27 1.9 Horizontal Contacts 27 1.10 Industry Organisational Structure and Codes 40 1.10 Industry Organisational Structure and Codes 40 1.11 Chicken Meat Production Locality Areas 40 1.11 Chicken Meat Production Locality Areas 40 Chapter 2: The Egg Layer Industry 43 Chapter 2: The Egg Layer Industry 43 2.1 Background 43 2.1 Background 43 2.2 Introduction 44 2.2 Introduction 44 2.3 Structure of the Australian Egg Industry 48 2.3 Structure of the Australian Egg Industry 48 2.4 Typical Farm Structure 48 2.4 Typical Farm Structure 48 2.5 Shedding Design and Facilitation 50 2.5 Shedding Design and Facilitation 50 2.6 Free Range Housing 51 2.6 Free Range Housing 51 2.7 Horizontal Contacts 52 2.7 Horizontal Contacts 52 2.8 Industry Organisational Structure and Codes 55 2.8 Industry Organisational Structure and Codes 55 2.9 Chicken Egg ProductionLocality Areas 55 2.9 Chicken Egg ProductionLocality Areas 55 Chapter 3: The Turkey Industry 56 Chapter 3: The Turkey Industry 56 3.1 Description of the Australian Turkey Sector 56 3.1 Description of the Australian Turkey Sector 56 3.2 Sector Structure, and Establishing and Maintaining a Flock 57 3.2 Sector Structure, and Establishing and Maintaining a Flock 57 3.3 Production Unit Size, Husbandry and Shedding 58 3.3 Production Unit Size, Husbandry and Shedding 58 3.4 Factors affecting flock size and density 58 3.4 Factors affecting flock size and density 58 3.5 Commercial mixed species farming 59 3.5 Commercial mixed species farming 59 3.6 Dynamics Within the Industry Sector 59 3.6 Dynamics Within the Industry Sector 59 3.7 Husbandry and Dynamics of Production Stock 60 3.7 Husbandry and Dynamics of Production Stock 60 3.8 Horizontal Contacts Between Industry Sectors 61 3.8 Horizontal Contacts Between Industry Sectors 61 3.9 Summary of Between Industry Contacts 63 3.9 Summary of Between Industry Contacts 63 Chapter 4: The Duck Industry 64 Chapter 4: The Duck Industry 64 4.1 Description of the Industry Sector 64 4.1 Description of the Industry Sector 64 4.2 Structure of Industry 65 4.2 Structure of Industry 65 4.3 Establishing and Maintaining a Flock 65 4.3 Establishing and Maintaining a Flock 65 4.4 Production Unit Size, Husbandry and Shedding 65 4.4 Production Unit Size, Husbandry and Shedding 65 4.5 Factors Influencing Flock Size and Density 66 4.5 Factors Influencing Flock Size and Density 66 4.6 Mixed species farming 66 4.6 Mixed species farming 66 4.7 Dynamics Within the Industry Sector 66 4.7 Dynamics Within the Industry Sector 66 4.8 Husbandry and Dynamics of Production Stock 68 4.8 Husbandry and Dynamics of Production Stock 68 4.9 Other Bird Species on Properties 70 4.9 Other Bird Species on Properties 70 4.10 Horizontal Contacts 70 4.10 Horizontal Contacts 70 4.11 Summary of Contact Between Sectors 72 4.11 Summary of Contact Between Sectors 72 Chapter 5: The Ratite Industry 73 Chapter 5: The Ratite Industry 73 Part 1: The Emu Industry 73 Part 1: The Emu Industry 73 5.1 Description of the Emu Industry 73 5.1 Description of the Emu Industry 73 5.2 Structure of the Emu industry 75 5.2 Structure of the Emu industry 75 5.3 Establishing and maintaining flocks 76 5.3 Establishing and maintaining flocks 76 5.4 Production Unit Size, Husbandry and Shedding 76 5.4 Production Unit Size, Husbandry and Shedding 76 5.5 Size and Density of Emu Farms 77 5.5 Size and Density of Emu Farms 77 5.6 Mixed Species Farming 78 5.6 Mixed Species Farming 78 5.7 Dynamics within the Emu Industry 78 5.7 Dynamics within the Emu Industry 78 5.8 Horizontal Contacts Within the Emu Industry 80 5.8 Horizontal Contacts Within the Emu Industry 80 Part 2: The Ostrich Industry 81 Part 2: The Ostrich Industry 81 5.9 Description of the Ostrich Industry 81 5.9 Description of the Ostrich Industry 81 5.10 Structure of the Industry 83 5.10 Structure of the Industry 83 5.11 Establishing and Maintaining Farms 84 5.11 Establishing and Maintaining Farms 84 5.12 Size of Production Units and Types of Shedding 85 5.12 Size of Production Units and Types of Shedding 85 5.13 Size and Density of Ostrich Populations 86 5.13 Size and Density of Ostrich Populations 86 5.14 Mixed species farming 87 5.14 Mixed species farming 87 5.15 Dynamics within the Ostrich Industry 87 5.15 Dynamics within the Ostrich Industry 87 5.16 Horizontal Contacts 88 5.16 Horizontal Contacts 88 5.17 Summary 89 5.17 Summary 89 Chapter 6: The Squab Industry 90 Chapter 6: The Squab Industry 90 6.1 Description of the Australian Squab Sector 90 6.1 Description of the Australian Squab Sector 90 6.2 Structure of Squab Sector 90 6.2 Structure of Squab Sector 90 6.3 Establishing and Maintaining Flocks 90 6.3 Establishing and Maintaining Flocks 90 6.4 Production Unit Size, Husbandry and Shedding 90 6.4 Production Unit Size, Husbandry and Shedding 90 6.5 Size and Density of Flocks 91 6.5 Size and Density of Flocks 91 6.6 Mixed Species Farming 91 6.6 Mixed Species Farming 91 6.7 Dynamics Within the Industry Sector 91 6.7 Dynamics Within the Industry Sector 91 6.8 Development of Genetic Stock 91 6.8 Development of Genetic Stock 91 6.9 Husbandry and Dynamics of Production Stock 92 6.9 Husbandry and Dynamics of Production Stock 92 6.10 Horizontal Contacts 92 6.10 Horizontal Contacts 92 Chapter 7: The Quail Industry 95 Chapter 7: The Quail Industry 95 7.1 Description of the Quail Industry in Australia 95 7.1 Description of the Quail Industry in Australia 95 7.2 Structure of the Quail Industry 96 7.2 Structure of the Quail Industry 96 7.3 Establishing and Maintaining a Flock 97 7.3 Establishing and Maintaining a Flock 97 7.4 Production Size, Husbandry and Shedding 97 7.4 Production Size, Husbandry and Shedding 97 7.5 Size and Densities of Quail Flocks 98 7.5 Size and Densities of Quail Flocks 98 7.6 Dynamics Within the Quail Industry 99 7.6 Dynamics Within the Quail Industry 99 7.7 Summary 99 7.7 Summary 99 Chapter 8: The Game Bird Industry 100 Chapter 8: The Game Bird Industry 100 8.1 Description of the Game Bird Industry 100 8.1 Description of the Game Bird Industry 100 8.2 Structure of the Game Bird Industry 101 8.2 Structure of the Game Bird Industry 101 8.3 Establishing and Maintaining Flocks 103 8.3 Establishing and Maintaining Flocks 103 8.4 Production Unit Size, Husbandry and Shedding 104 8.4 Production Unit Size, Husbandry and Shedding 104 8.5 Size and Density of Flocks 105 8.5 Size and Density of Flocks 105 8.6 Mixed Species Farming 106 8.6 Mixed Species Farming 106 8.7 Dynamics Within the Industry Sector 106 8.7 Dynamics Within the Industry Sector 106 8.8 Horizontal Contacts Between Industry Flocks 107 8.8 Horizontal Contacts Between Industry Flocks 107 8.9 Summary 108 8.9 Summary 108 References 108 References 108 Chapter 9: The Goose Industry 109 Chapter 9: The Goose Industry 109 9.1 Description of the Australian Goose Sector 109 9.1 Description of the Australian Goose Sector 109 9.2 Structure of Sector 109 9.2 Structure of Sector 109 9.3 Establishing and Maintaining a Flock 109 9.3 Establishing and Maintaining a Flock 109 9.4 Production Unit Size, Husbandry and Shedding 109 9.4 Production Unit Size, Husbandry and Shedding 109 9.5 Flock Size and Density 109 9.5 Flock Size and Density 109 9.6 Mixed Species Farming 110 9.6 Mixed Species Farming 110 9.7 Dynamics Within the Industry Sector 110 9.7 Dynamics Within the Industry Sector 110 9.8 Horizontal Contacts 110 9.8 Horizontal Contacts 110 Chapter 10: Specific Pathogen Free (SPF) Production 111 Chapter 10: Specific Pathogen Free (SPF) Production 111 10.1 Description of the Australian SPF Sector 111 10.1 Description of the Australian SPF Sector 111 10.2 European Pharmacopeia SPF Egg Status 111 10.2 European Pharmacopeia SPF Egg Status 111 Chapter 11: Live Bird Sales 112 Chapter 11: Live Bird Sales 112 11.1 South Australia 113 11.1 South Australia 113 11.2 Victoria 114 11.2 Victoria 114 11.3 New South Wales 114 11.3 New South Wales 114 11.4 Tasmania, Queensland, Western Australia 114 11.4 Tasmania, Queensland, Western Australia 114 11.5 Summary 114 11.5 Summary 114 Chapter 12: Small & Mixed Poultry 115 Chapter 12: Small & Mixed Poultry 115 12.1 Description of the Industry or Industry Sector 115 12.1 Description of the Industry or Industry Sector 115 12.2 Structure of Industry/Sector 115 12.2 Structure of Industry/Sector 115 12.3 Establishing and Maintaining a Flock 115 12.3 Establishing and Maintaining a Flock 115 12.4 Production Unit Size, Husbandry and Shedding 116 12.4 Production Unit Size, Husbandry and Shedding 116 12.5 Flock Size and Density 116 12.5 Flock Size and Density 116 12.6 Mixed Species Farming 116 12.6 Mixed Species Farming 116 12.7 Dynamics Within the Industry Sector 117 12.7 Dynamics Within the Industry Sector 117 12.8 Horizontal Contacts 118 12.8 Horizontal Contacts 118 Appendix 1: Egg Industry Data - 2009 121 Appendix 1: Egg Industry Data - 2009 121 Appendix 2: Chlorine Dioxide for Water Sanitation in the Poultry Industry 123 Appendix 2: Chlorine Dioxide for Water Sanitation in the Poultry Industry 123 Yüklə 0,55 Mb. 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