1 Comparative Study of English Phraseology

CONTENT
INTRODUCTION..................................................................................2
Chapter I Linguistic theory of Phraseological units..............................
$1.1 Comparative Study of English Phraseology..............................
$1.2 Linguocultural aspects of Phraseology.....................................
$1.3 Semantic structures of English phraseological units........................
Conclusion of the first chapter..................................................
Chapter II. Sociolinguistic features of Idioms in the English,Russian, and
Uzbek languages...............................................................................
$2.1. General characteristics of English Idioms on sociolinguistics
features...................................................................................
$2.2.Lingua-cultural approach to the Idioms in English and
Uzbek, Russian, ..........................................................................................
$2.3. Functional-semantic peculiarities of Idioms expressing different
relationships in the English language..................................................
Conclusion of the second chapter..................................................
Chapter III. Translation problems and the ways of translating English
Comparative phraseological units into Russian, and Uzbek
languages........................................................................................
$3.1, National-cultural semantic components of Idioms in English and
Uzbek,Russian languages......................................................................
$3.2. Means of expressing national- cultural specify of Idioms among
English,Russian, languages.............................................................
$3.3 Translating English idioms,proverbs into Russian, and Uzbek
languages by the help of cultural perspectiveness......................
Conclusion of the third chapter.....................................................
Conclusion.......................................................................................

INTRODUCTION

Nowadays, great attention is given to learning a foreign language by majority of people.Especially,English language is being learned as a second language by the people of most countries.The President of our country Shavkat Mirziyoyev pays a special attention to this sphere also too,which has an important place in ensuring the future of the country and its development.In the Decree of President of Uzbekistan Shavkat Mirziyoyev 《 On Uzbekistan 》s development Strategy 》is mentioned about achieving major improvement of in quality of general secondary education, facilitating in -depth study of foreign languages, computer science, and other important and popular disciplines¹.However, learning language is not just learning the words in target language but also being familiar with phrases,idioms,set-expressions,proverbs and other phraseological units of its.
A person who knows a language perfectly uses a thousand and one grammar lexical, phonetic rules when he is speaking. Language skills help us to choose different words and models in our speech. By learning language we can introduce with different people’s tradition, their culture, religious and physiological inner-world. However, no one knows exactly how people learn languages although a great deal of research has been done into the subject.
The founder of theory of theory of phraseology is a Swiss linguist Charles Bally.Bally was the first who systematized the combination of the words in his books "Studies of the Stylistics" and "French Stylistics ".Ch.Bally explored the sphere of linguistics and phraseology in the French language,however, his attempt to systemize and classify phraseological units led to series of other studies in the phraseological sphere in other languages,including English².
Even today this sphere is in the focus of many researchers.So,in his book " The Course of Modern English Phraseology ", A.V.Kunin investigated a wide a range of phraseological characteristics, methods of their studies,phraseological systemacy and presents classifications of idiomatic expressions according to their features. V.Komissarov studied the methods of translating phraseological units.³
Phraseological units are considerable parts of any language.Therefore,they are studied by plenty of scholars.For example,Russianscholars V.V.Vinogradov, A.I.Smidnitoski,H.N.Asomova and Uzbek scholars Sh.Rahmatullaev, A.E.Mamatov,B.Yuldashev conducted a research on this sphere of linguistics.Their works and researches play a significant role in the development of phraseology. Even nowadays, this field of linguistics attracts great many of scholars' attention. One of English linguists A.B.Pittman gives such definition to he phraseological units in one of his works: " A group of words in a fixed order that is different from the meaning of each word understood on its own "⁴.In fact ,idioms can never be translated into another language word for word.Otherwise,they lose semantic meaning.For example,if we translate the idiom " Kick the bucket" into Uzbek word by word,it means" Savatni tepmoq".Because the word "kick" means to push something in front of you.However, in this work you can see this kind of phraseological units with its equivalents in Uzbek and Russian languages.
The dissertation paper is devoted to the problem of translation of English Comparative phraseological units into different languages.