Ponticiello et al. (2001)
Italy
N=90 source cases, 227 contacts
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Delay defined as period from onset of any TB symptoms to diagnosis
Reference: delay to diagnosis ≤ 1 month
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Prevalence of TST+ among contacts (all cases)
125/227 (45%: 39–51%)
18/125 (14%) developed active TB
% contacts TST+ by treatment delay
1 month 6/43 (14.0%) (reference)
1.5 months 15/37 (40.5%)
2 months 24/56 (42.9%)
2.5 months 13/23 (56.5%)
ORadj: TST+/TST– for long delay versus TST+/TST– for 1-month delay, (95%CI) a
1.5 months ORadj=4.2 (1.3, 13.7)
2 months ORadj=6.1 (1.9, 19.6)
2.5 months ORadj=7.5 (1.9, 30.3)
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Golub et al. (2006)
USA
N=54 US-born patients, 310 contacts
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Interval from first TB symptoms to initiation of treatment
Delay treated as dichotomous variable with cut-off of either 60 days or 90 days
Median total delay 99 days
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Patients with treatment delay:
≥ 60 days 36/54 (67%)
≥ 90 days 30/54 (56%)
Contacts TST+ (delay 60 days) p=0.05 b
Delay < 60 days 18/71 (25%)
Delay ≥ 60 days 91/239 (38%)
Contacts TST+ (delay 90 days) p<0.01 b
Delay < 90 days 24/100 (24%)
Delay ≥ 90 days 85/210 (40%)
Total delay ≥ 90 days as predictor of TST + contacts (GEE multivariate model)
ORadj: 2.34 (95%CI 1.07, 5.12) p=0.03
TB cases among contacts
Delay 46–66 days 2/10
Delay ≥ 90 days 8/10
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