Blake Invitational 1 Kamiak nb aff

31 Oakwood WA Neg

https://hsld.debatecoaches.org/Oakwood/Alpert+Neg

CP Race Reforms

CP text: 1. Collection and storing of comprehensive information of racial demographics 2. Providing training on implicit bias 3. Hiding racial demographic data until after a decision is made and 4. Hiring a more diverse pool of assistant district attorneys ought to be implemented in the United States Criminal Justice System.

The counter plan solves for implicit bias.

Smith and Levinson 12 Robert J. Smith and Justin D. Levinson "The Impact of Implicit Racial Bias on the Exercise of Prosecutorial Discretion" Seattle University Law Review Vol. 35:795 (2012) http://digitalcommons.law.seattleu.edu/sulr/vol35/iss3/9/ MW

But there are some promising shorter-term remedial avenues. Stephanos Bibas suggests that

AND

that diverse group decision-making is better than homogenous group decision-making

CP Reforms

The United States Federal Government should eliminate prison for lower-level crimes, reduce sentencing minimums, and eliminate “truth-in-sentencing” and “three-strikes” policies. These policies will apply retroactively.

The CP significantly reduces mass incarceration.

Cullen 16 James (Research and Program Associate in the Brennan Center’s Justice Program) “Four Things We Can Do to End Mass Incarceration” December 19 2016 https://www.brennancenter.org/blog/four-things-we-can-do-end-mass-incarceration

32 Edina SC Aff

https://hsld.debatecoaches.org/Edina/Chen+Aff

Aff Race, Habeas Viscus

Plea bargaining is part and parcel of the racializing operations of the criminal justice system – the law is not neutral, but a system of domination.

Berdejó 17 bracketed for gendered language Carlos Berdejó, professor of law at the Loyola Law School, “Criminalizing Race: Racial Disparities in Plea Bargaining”, http://bit.ly/2C1tjcT, published September 2017, accessed 12-13-17, EHSMK

Although the literature examining ... recidivate and latent criminality. 254

The plea bargain is legal incorporation par excellence. Criminalized bodies are promised a smaller sentence, a lower fine, when they accept the bargain, yet this only feeds into the structures of oppression that make these conditions possible in the first place. Legal reformism requires the normalization of the western legal subject that can never be fully attained by bodies affected by racializing assemblages of the flesh. The affirmative creates an affective attachment to the state that reproduces violent exclusion of those outside of the law.

Weheliye 14 Alexander Weheliye, professor of black studies at Northwestern University, “Habeas Viscus: Racializing Assemblages, Biopolitics, and Black Feminist Theories of the Human”, published 2014, accessed December 8, 2017, EHSMK

Farah's juxtaposition of these viewpoints... it fortifies the supremacy of Man.

Man is not a specific person, or even a group of people, but a racializing assemblage that structures western thought in modernity. Man is an idealized figure against which has been rendered synonymous with the human. Subjects are seen only in terms of degrees of deviance from Man. The human is compared against Man, and if fall too far away, they are no longer human in the eyes of Man.

Weheliye 2 Alexander Weheliye, professor of black studies at Northwestern University, “Habeas Viscus: Racializing Assemblages, Biopolitics, and Black Feminist Theories of the Human”, published 2014, accessed December 8, 2017, EHSMK

Wynter's large-scale intellectual project... humanity rather than specific groups.

The only way to break from exclusion of black and brown bodies is to create an anthropology outside of the grammar of regularities that comes with white notions of the “European man”. Structural bases of white epistemology can never account for blackness as anything but chaos. There is only one way out – a complete disarticulation of human from Man.

Weheliye 3 Alexander Weheliye, professor of black studies at Northwestern University, “Habeas Viscus: Racializing Assemblages, Biopolitics, and Black Feminist Theories of the Human”, published 2014, accessed December 8, 2017, EHSMK

We are in dire need of alternatives ... all forms of subjugation are administered.

Thus, the AC’s advocacy- I affirm the abolishment of plea bargaining through habeas viscous, an embrace of lines of flight that transform the hieroglyphics of the flesh to create true liberation from Man.

Instead of trying to assimilate into the voice of Man, we weaponize our noise and embrace its illegibility. This means affirming modes of being outside of Man and rejecting legal incorporation.

Weheliye 4 Alexander Weheliy, professor of black studies at Northwestern University, “Habeas Viscus: Racializing Assemblages, Biopolitics, and Black Feminist Theories of the Human”, published 2014, accessed December 8, 2017, EHSMK

As a demonic island, black studies ... apocatastasis of human genres.

The role of the ballot is to vote for the debater who best engages in epistemic disobedience. White systems of knowledge are controlled by Man which necessitates a radical break through the liminal spaces of the not-quite-human. Only by disarticulating the human from Man can these thought systems be disrupted.

McKittrick 15 Katherine McKittrick, professor of gender studies at Queen’s University, “Sylvia Wynter: On Being Human as Praxis”, published 2015, accessed 12-8-17, EHSMK

Following in the steps of Frantz Fanon, ... epistemic foundation that created it.

And, the AC’s critique is key to deconstructing the similar racialized assemblages that inscribe whiteness upon other non-human beings marked deviant from Western Man- the epistemological shift grants a deconstruction of not only Whiteness against black bodies, but all individuals subjugated under the proxies of Man

Weheliye 14 Alexander Weheliy, professor of black studies at Northwestern University, “Habeas Viscus: Racializing Assemblages, Biopolitics, and Black Feminist Theories of the Human”, published 2014, accessed December 8, 2017, EHSMK

I locate my argument principally ...genocidal shackles of Man

32 Edina SC Neg

https://hsld.debatecoaches.org/Edina/Chen+Neg

K Race, Habeas Viscus

Legal reformism requires the normalization of the western legal subject that can never be fully attained by bodies affected by racializing assemblages of the flesh. The affirmative creates an affective attachment to the state that reproduces violent exclusion of those outside of the law- who is human enough to speak up and be heard versus those whose sounds cannot articulate the language of humanity. What is necessary is a disarticulation of the human organism through an affirmation of the liminal spaces of not-quite-humans.

Weheliye 14 Alexander Weheliye, professor of black studies at Northwestern University, “Habeas Viscus: Racializing Assemblages, Biopolitics, and Black Feminist Theories of the Human”, published 2014, accessed December 8, 2017, EHSMK

Farah's juxtaposition of these...as it fortifies the supremacy of Man.

Western modes of thought have constructed a specific mode of being human – Man – as the universal genre of humanity. Subjects that are seen only in terms of degrees of deviance from Man, justifying violence against anyone outside.

Weheliye 2 Alexander Weheliye, professor of black studies at Northwestern University, “Habeas Viscus: Racializing Assemblages, Biopolitics, and Black Feminist Theories of the Human”, published 2014, accessed December 8, 2017, EHSMK

The idea of “bio-economic man” marks ... liberate all of humanity rather than specific groups.

Thus, the alternative is habeas viscus, an embrace of lines of flight that transform the hieroglyphics of the flesh to create true liberation from Man. This means affirming modes of being outside of Man and rejecting legal incorporation.

Weheliye 4 Alexander Weheliy, professor of black studies at Northwestern University, “Habeas Viscus: Racializing Assemblages, Biopolitics, and Black Feminist Theories of the Human”, published 2014, accessed December 8, 2017, EHSMK

As a demonic island, black studies...the revolutionary apocatastasis of human genres.

The role of the ballot is to vote for the debater who best engages in epistemic disobedience. White systems of knowledge are controlled by Man which necessitates a radical break through the liminal spaces of the not-quite-human. Only by disarticulating the human from Man can these thought systems be disrupted.

McKittrick 15

Following in the steps of Frantz ...epistemic foundation that created it.

1^ Dowd, Joseph (Graduate Student of Philosophy at the University of California, Irvine). "Hoc aliquid: What makes an ought a moral ought?" 06 May 2011 [Bracketed for grammatical clarity]

2^ Booth, Anthony Robert (Chair of Philosophy, University of Sussex). “Epistemic Ought is a Commensurable Ought.” European Journal of Philosophy 22, no. 4 (2011).

3^ Wedgwood, Ralph (Professor of Philosopy at USC). "The aim of belief." Nous 36 (October 2002): p. 267-297.

4^ Christian Tarsney (Postdoctoral Research Fellow, University of Groningen). Rationality and Moral Risk: A Moderate Defense of Hedging. Dissertation, University of Maryland-College Park, 2017. [Bracketed for grammatical clarity]

5^ Hawthorne, John (Prof of Phil @ Oxford) and Jason Stanley (Prof of Phil @ Rutgers). “Knowledge and Action.” The Journal of Philosophy 105.10 (2008). Bracketed for gendered language. [Bracketed for grammatical clarity]

6^ Hawthorne, John (Prof of Phil @ Oxford) and Jason Stanley (Prof of Phil @ Rutgers). “Knowledge and Action.” The Journal of Philosophy 105.10 (2008). Bracketed for gendered language.

7^ [Eduardo Gonzales and Henry Varney. “Truth Seeking: Elements of Creating an Effective Truth Commission.” International Center for Transitional Justice. 2013.

8^ Lippke, Richard L (Chair of Criminal Justice, Indiana University). The Ethics of Plea Bargaining. 1st ed., vol. 1, Oxford University Press, 2011. [Bracketed for grammatical clarity]

9^ Pozner, Larry. “Plea Bargaining: Does It Promote Justice?” The Plea Agreement Project, Kenneth Jost, 31 Mar. 2014, legaltechdesign.com/ThePleaAgreementProject/2014/03/31/plea-bargaining-does-it-promote-justice/. [Bracketed for grammatical clarity]

10^ http://nsdupdate.com/2015/are-judges-just-guessing-a-statistical-analysis-of-ld-elimination-round-panels-by-steven-adler/

11^ "affirm, v." OED Online. Oxford University Press, December 2014. Web. 15 December 2014.