Contents of the fikst volume

Clayton, Adam de Bilyngton, "Will's de Caldecotes, Johannes de Wynkedlegh, et Ricardus de Caterale.]
Job. de Pountchardon tenet xii. partem 1 feodi Militis in parva Mitton de feodo com. Lincoln et ipse in capite de
de domino Rege et pertinet ad dotem Comitisse Line'.

Adam de Blakeburn et Eogerus de Arches tenent quartam partem 1 feodi Militis in Wysewall et Hapton de dicto

feodo et pertinet ad dotem.

Henr. Gedelyng tenet decimam partem 1 feodi Militis in Touncleye, Coldecotes, et Snoddeword de dicto feodo ct

pertinet ad dotem.
Comes tenet in manu sua in dominico decimam partem 1 feodi Militis in Twysilton et pertinet ad dotem ut supra.

Adam de Preston tenet decimam partem I feodi Militis in Extwysil de dicto feodo et pertinet ad dotem ut supra.

Radulfus de Mitton tenet quartam partem 1 feodi militis in Aghton, Merelelay et Lyvesay de dicto feodo et
pertinet ad dotem Comitisse.
Robertas de Cest. tenet quartam partem 1 feodi Militis in Dounom de dicto feodo et pertinet ad dotem ut supra.

Johannes de Grigleston tenet octavam partem 1 feodi Militis in Folrik de dicto feodo ct pertinet ad dotem Comitisse.

Will's Marescallus tenet decimam partem 1 feodi Militis in Mereleye et pertinet ad dotem Comitisse.

Hugo de Parva Mereley e tenet quinquagesimam sextam partem 1 feodi Militis de dicto feodo et pertinet ut supra.

Gilbertus fil. Henr' tenet decimam partem 1 feodi Militis in Ruyscheton de dicto feodo et pertinet ad dotem.
Comitisse.
Ad. de Bilyngton tenet Medietatem 1 feodi Militis in eadem et pertinet ad dotem ut supra.

Heres Hugonis de Alvetham tenet octavam partem 1 feodi Militis in eadem de dicto feodo et pertinet et cetera.

Hugo Fytton tenet quartam partem 1 feodi Militis in Harwod de dicto feodo.

Henr. de Clayton tenet octavam partem 1 feodi Militis in eadem de dicto feodo.

Liber Loci Benedicti. [Add. MS. 10,374, f. 127 b.]

2(54 HISTORY OF WHALLEY. [BOOK III. CHAP. IV.

which, in case of escheat, it must return. 1 It has already been proved that in the Saxon

times manors and townships or hamlets were commensurate : it has also been observed,

and must now be repeated, that a new and arbitrary distribution of manors has long since

taken place, merely for the purpose of accommodating the stewards in holding their

courts. Thus, all the original manors within the parishes of Whalley and Bury remaining

in the hands of the lords, excepting one or two in the immediate vicinity of Clitheroe, 11

have been grouped together, without regard to their ancient rights and distinctions,

and are now combined under Colne, Ightenhill, Accrington, and Tottington ; 3 and the

reason of tins arrangement was, that in each of these places, 4 and in no others within

their circuit, was an ancient manor-house, to which the stewards and homagers might

conveniently resort. To these inferior courts the copyholders and wapentake tenants

alone owe suit and service ; the lords of manors and freeholders owing suit of court at the

Castle alono. 5
Let it be remembered, that each township had originally around it a large tract of

common marked out by certain boundaries. Now, wherever a township was granted out

as a manor, the property of the common followed as an appendage, and belonged to the

mcsne lord ; but where the ancient freehold was merely granted and cantoned out in par-

cels to free tenants, the herbage alone of the common belonged to the freeholder, and no

inclosurc could take place without permission from the superior lord. These inclosures,

however, began, as we have seen, at a very early period, and such lands were always

granted in villenage. Agreeably to this representation, the great Inquisition after the

death of Henry de Lacy aifords instances, in almost every township, of lands held in

bondage : these are of the old copyhold tenure, or copyholds by prescription. But it has

been already observed, that, besides the tracts of common originally appertaining to town-
Ilenry Gedelyng must have been a trustee, and the name an ancient soubriquet or nickname; for Gedling, at that

time, expressed precisely the same idea with the vulgar Lancashire word " Madlin " at present. It is used by Chaucer

for an idle vagabond,
" That seemed like no gadeling." R. R. 938.
1 Excepting in case of particular grants, which amounts to the same thing.
2 Ex. gr. Chatburne and Worston, for which the courts were held at Clitheroe before Edward III. [To these is

to be added Pendleton, which, though once belonging to the Houghtons, has long since merged into the principal fee.

2nd Edit. Addend, and Corr.]
! Thus, to the very destruction of all ancient landmarks, the forests themselves are now included under these

factitious manors, viz. Pendle under Ightenhill, Trawden under Colne, and llossendale and Accrington under Accrington.

Further, it is to be observed, that copyhold lands are held by copy of court-roll under some specific manor. Wapentake

lands are those which hold in villenage of the Honor of Cl'itheroe in general. Thus, for example, the manor of Cliviger,

as distinct from the grange of ditto, though anciently granted to the Townleys, has been lost; but on this account it

has, with other original manors, long since granted out, and still continuing to be held as such, never been included in

Ightenhill, or any other of the factitious manors ; but, the commons of that township having been claimed by the

superior lords on the extinction of the mesne manors, all inclosures from them are granted as wapentake lands.

1 Vid. Inquisition, post mart. Henrici de Lacy, where a manor house is expressly mentioned in each of these

places, and nowhere else.

5 De tribus septimanis in tres septimanas, in the language of our ancient charters, inauisitions, &c.

BOOK III. CHAP. IV.] HONOR OF CLITHEROE. 265

ships, there was an immense extent of forest lands absolutely unappropriated, which

belonged to the lords merely as derelicts, and which remained nearly in a state of nature

till the 23rd of Henry VII. when they were successively granted out as copyholds ; but

this tenure being found insecure in the reign of James I. gave rise to a very oppressive

attempt at a general resumption of lands so held, and ended in a compromise with the

Crown, ratified by an Act of Parliament, confirming and constituting them copyholds of

Inheritance. This was the origin of the newhold, or of copyholds by statute. 1 I have

merely hinted at this transaction here, as it will be detailed hereafter, in order to show

that it is with lands of these two species, their grants, surrenders, admissions, &c. that the

above-mentioned courts are concerned.

Since this work was first printed the Assheton MSS. " have furnished me with the

original Custumale, the Magna Charta of Blackburnshire, A. 3 Hen. IV. the usages of

which before that time seem to have been preserved only by tradition.
Hec Indentura facta apud Brunlay die Martis proximo ante festum Purificationis B. Marie Virginia

anno regni Regis Henrici Quarti post Conquestum Anglie tercio coram Thoma Radclyf de Wimmerlcgh tuuc

Senescallo de Blakburnshire, testator quod ad requisitionem omnium tenentium consuctudiu'
infra Wapentachium prediction,
Inquisicio de consuetudiuibus fuit dicto die Mart' et capta fuit certis de causis inter ipsos tenentcs motis

per sacramentum Wilti Mersden, Gilberti del Legh, Joli'is Parker de Iglitynyll, Uclitredi Schotilvrortli,

Robti de Blakey, "VVifti Foldes sen. Wifti de Britwissell, Joh. Tattsall sen. Ric. Tatfsall sen., Nic.Both
del Riley de Hawkyshogh, Johis Eliot, et Joh. del Legh, qui dicunt super sacramentum suum quod hoc sunt

jura et consuetudines sue : Qui tenent aliquas terras et tenementa secundum consuctudincm manerii ut de

honore Lincoln, quibus antecessores sui a tempore quo non extat memoria usi fuerint; videlicet : Si aliquis

tenens terras seu tenementa secundum consuetudinem manerii inde obierit seizitus, tune ejus proximus heres

in propria persona sua vel per attornatum suum veuiet infra tria halmota tune proximo tenenda post obitum

superioris tenentis ad faciendum finem racionabilem cum D no pro eisdem tcrris et tenementis, si fuerit in

Anglia. Et si rectus heres non veniet et fuerit in Anglia in propria persona, nee per attornatum, ad

faciendum finem cum D no , et modo debito proclametur 1, 2 do , et 3, ad tria halmot tune prox. tenenda, quod

tune licitum erit D no per ejus Senescallum dicta terras et tenementa extraneo climitterc, et sicut dicunt quod

rectus heres pro se et heredibus suis clameum suum in perpetuum amittet.

It, dicunt quod post obitum sive decessum alicujus tenentis seiziti per virgam, cujus terre et tenementa

sic tenentur D no secundum consuetudinem predictam, ilia terre et tenementa descendant de herede ad heredem

prout terre et tenementa liberorum tenentium per communem legem Anglie descendunt.
1 All the lands held by tenants at will, and not granted out at the death of Henry de Lacy, or afterwards, previous

to this act, as having not been held by copy of court-roll, for time whereof the memory of man is not to the contrary,

undoubtedly belong to the latter tenure. The titles of all inclosures subsequent to the said act stand upon the same

foundation.

* " The usages of this wapentake, or hundred, appear to have been merely traditional till the reign of Henry the

Fourth, when they were reduced to writing in the following Custumale, which I discovered among the MSS. at Whalley

Abbey, the monks having been better depositories of records than careless and illiterate stewards. The roll, however,

from which I transcribe is in some places nearly illegible." 2nd Edit. p. 211.

[In the Coucher Book, vol. iv. p. 1163, is an indenture respecting " la comune chartre de Blakeburnschir' "

deposited in Whalley Abbey on the feast of Philip and James, 6 Edward III. by Sir Adam de Clyderhow, Henr. de

Clayton, and Nich. de Holden per comun assent de tout3 les bonesgent3 de Blakeburnshire.]

VOL. I. 2 M

266

HISTOKY OF WHALLEY.

[BOOK III. CHAP. IV.

It m , dicunt quod licitum erit cuilibet tenenti terras et tenementa secundum consuetudinem manerii

per suum custodem in curiam et mamim D sursum reddere ad opus cujuscunque voluerit, ac eciam ea

vendere et alienare cuicunque sibi viderit melius expedire, necnon ea recipere et finem pro' eisdem cum D no

per ejus Senescallum facere, et cum necesse fuerit in eadem curia pro eisdem respondere.

It m , dicunt quod quilibet talis tenens potest in manus D 1 " sursum reddere terras et tenementa sua que

tenet secundum consuetudinem manerii ad opus cujuscunque sibi placuerit in presentia Senescalli D ni ib'm,

tarn in curia quam extra curiam, ac eciam in absencia Senescalli in manum Prepositi ib'm, vel in manum

alicujus vicini sui ad proximum halmotum ulterius tenendum.

It dicunt quod illi ad quorum opus terra sive tenementa sic tenentur de D no secundum consuetudinem

manerii sursum reddere sive per vendicionem sive per descensum, finis inde quern facient cum D n erit

videlicet cum D" duplicabunt (firmam) unius anni ad maximum, nisi graciam meliorem inde habuerit de

D no vel Sen loci.

It m , dicunt quod nulla mulier habebit dotem, nisi solummodo de illis terris et tenementis de quibus erit

maritus seizitus per virgam curie.

It m , dicunt quod nullus extraneus per minas veniens inter tenentes D ni secundum consuetudinem

manerii vertens in auxilium sibi perquisitum sive conductum de generosis patrie ad implacitandum aliquem

vel aliquos tenent' predictorum in halmot D 11 ' de Blakburnshyre ad aliquod implacitum in eisdem intrandum

versus tenentes predictos vel aliquem eorum per Senesc. loci vel ejus locum tenentem ullo modo receptus

erit.
It m , dicunt quod custos alicujus tenentis terras et ten. de D no secundum consuetudinem, etsi infra etatem

existet, ipse idem custos erit computato primo cum venerit ad etatem xv annorum, et in hoc consuetudo

manerii sequitur communem legem Anglic.
It m , dicunt quod si quis tenens D 1 " secundum consuetudinem manerii obierit et seizitus habuerit plures

filias, omnia terre et tenementa de quibus pater illarum obierit seizitus erunt equaliter partita cuilibet

sororum illarum, sicut filie liberorum tenentum habent secundum communem legem Anglie.
It m , dicunt quod nulla Esson. jacet in Halmot inter ter' et ten' [in it' alias partes] in quovis placito.
It, 1 dicunt quod si contingat quod Rotuli Halmotorum sive Wapentache de Blackburnshyre sint perditi

negligencia vel aliquo alio modo per Senescallos vel eorum clericos, in quibus quidem aliquis finis de terris

et tenementis de domino secundum consuetudinem manerii quod si recti heredes talium
tenentium qui fines fecerant voluerint petere inquisicionem, xii homines de tenentibus D ni ad
inquirendum utrum fines fact! fuerint per antecessores suos, necne ; et si inveniatur, quod tune heredes

eorum pro racionabili fine inde cum D no faciendo erunt recepti coram Senescallo loci.

It m , dicuut quod bene liceat cuilibet tenenti secundum consuetudinem predictam omnia terras et tene-

menta sua que tenet de D no secundum consuetudinem predictam, ad firmam dimittere racionabili tenenti

absque fine aliquo modo cum D no faciendo.
It m , dicunt quod licitum est eisdem tenentibus recipere et habere arbores et subboscum crescentes super

le Costom Land infra tenuram propriam ad reparacionem domorum et sepium suorum edificatorum et

edificandorum super tenementis suis de Costom Land, quotiens et quum oportuerit.
It m , dicunt quod quilibet talis tenens de jure habere debet infra le Fens de Penhill a festo S'c'i Michis

Arch'i usque ad festum Pentecostes tune proximo sequens unum jumentum pro mi d. et duo averia pro n d.

D no solvend'.
It m , dicunt quod quilibet talis tenens haberet liberacionem per forestarium D ni de Penhill, Eossyndale,
et Trowden Accrington ad domos suas quociens et de fceno et Rissb.es solvend' pro
plaustrato 1 d.

1 This may seem to have been dictated by aforesight almost prophetical. See the next paragraph.

BOOK III. CHAP. IV.]

HONOR OF CLITHEROE.

267

6

10

8
8

4

6]

(Harl.

240, f.

MS.

41.)

In quibus omnium consuetudinum testimonium juratores predicti necnon Thomas de Radcliff,
Senescallus ...... die anno et loco huic sigiUa sua apposuimus.
To the Honor of Clitheroe anciently belonged these officers, 1 whose fees were as
follows :
s. d.
Receiver of the Honor . . . . 15 13 4
Master Forester of Blackburnshire . . (No fee mentioned.)
Master Forester of Bowland . . . 6 13 4
Steward of Blackburnshire ... 3
Constable of Clitheroe Castle . . .10
Porter of the Castle .... 3

Keeper of Radholme Park ... 1

[Keeper of Lathgrim Park ... 2
[Thomas d'ns Stanley, Eec' d'nii de Clyderowe . vj li. xiij s. iiij d.

Joh'es Cays parcarius parci de Musbury p. ann. . (blank}

Joh'es Talbot parcarius parci de Ightenhull . xxx s. iiij d.

Joh'es Hunt custos chacee de Trowden . . Ix s. viij d.]

(Fees of Officers of the Duchy, 22 Edw. IV. Harl. MS. 433, f. 317 b.)
Lastly, grantees of the bailiwick from Henry, Earl, afterwards Duke, of Lancaster, by

charter dated 25th Edward III. These were the Abbot and Convent of Whalley, Gilbert

de la Leigh, John de Alvetham, and Richard de Tunlay, whose representatives still

continue to exercise this office by deputy; 2 and the Towneley family, so late as the year

1687, 3 and perhaps later, continued to enumerate, in settlements, &c. not a moiety, but

two fourth parts, of the bailiwick of Blackburnshire, one for De la Leigh and another for

Townley.
Of this curious grant, yet extant in the Coucher Book of Whalley, the following is an

extract, as the whole would be too long for transcription :

Ceste endenture fait perentre ly noble Seignur Henry Counte de Lancastre, Derby, Leycestr', et

seneschall Dangleterre dune parte et Labbe et couent de Wlialleye, Gilbert de la Legh, Jolian de Aluet-

ham, et Richard de Towneley dautre parte, tesmoigne qe le dit Counte ad done et graunte et per per ceste

presente chartre endente conferme as ditz Abbe et couent et lours successours et as ditz Gilbert, Johan, et

Richard et a lours heirs, la Baillie del Wapentak de Blakeburneschir, oue toutz les profits, comoditez, et

toutz outres appurtenaunces a la dite Baillie regardauntz ; cest assauoir qe les ditz Abbo et couent et lours

successours, Gilberte, Johan, et Richard, et lours heires trouerent un home a chiual et deaux a pie de y estre

baillifs a faire loffice qe a la dite baillie appartient, les queux serrount presenter, de an en an par eaux, lours

successours et lours heirs deuant le Seneschal de dit Count ou de ses heirs qe pur le temps serra a la pro-

scheyne court tenue a Cliderhou apres le feste de Seint Michel larchaungel, et seruientz de faire toutz choses

1 Serjeant Fleetwood's MS. account of the Duchy of Lancaster, &c.

2 [The Towneleys and Waltons of Altham still hold the office, and till lately appointed a bailiff, who attended at

the court of the hundred. Coucher Book, p. 1164. Note by the editor, W. A. Hulton, Esq.]

3 From original papers pen. Auct.
2M2

268

HISTORY OF WHALLEY.

[BOOK 1IL CHAP. IV.

qneuz attient a la dite Baillie, et leal accompte rendre de toutz choses queux a la dite Baillie nommement des

rentes, ferms, fyns, et des amercieinentz puauntz les putures deinz la dite Baillie auxsi entierement come les

Bailifs queiix furent en temps Monsr. Hen. de Lacy jadys Count de Nicliole prisetrent deinz le purceynte

meisme la Baillie, hors prys les tenauntz le dit Counto qi tiegnent de ly a volunte queux auaunt ces hours ne

soiyent (grauntez) puture doner, etc. Coucher Book, p. 58. fp- 1164 Chetham Society's edition.] *

Of the Master Foresters of Blackburnsliire, though several names will occur in the

following narrative, I am not able to give any connected list. The office itself appears to

have existed from the origin of the Honor, and to have determined with the commission of

approvement in the 23rd lien. VII. 1507-8.

The necessary intervention of the Senescalls, or Stewards, in all legal transactions

between the lords and their tenants, has rendered it no difficult task to exhibit a pretty

complete succession of names in their office, which appears for several centuries to have

been an object of ambition to the first families of the county ; but which, about a century

ago, began to be entrusted to common agents resident upon the place, for which reason

the series is not continued beyond that period. The following catalogue, from Gilbert de

Clifton, has been extracted from a valuable collection of local MSS. at Browsholme, with

some additional names inserted in their proper places. The foregoing names I have

collected from charters without date, and cannot therefore undertake to settle their

relative places with exactness.

SENESCALLI DE BLACKBURNSHIRE.

Adam do Button, temp. Rog. et Joli. de Lacy. 2

Robertus de Cancia ct Alarms Clericus, temp.
Job. do Lacy, qui ob. 1240.

Nicholas de Burton. [Coucher Book, p. 956.]

Willielmus de Burcli.

Gilbertus de Hocton.

Henricus de Torboc. [Coucher Book, p. 134.]

[Joliannes de Bosco. Ibid. p. 1032.

Henry de Clayton. Ibid. p. 104.

Galfridus de Button. Ibid. p. 279, &c.

Symo do Heris. Ibid. p. 127.

Henricus de Kyrkeby. Ibid. p. 1127.

Petrus de Santon. Ibid. pp. 1077, 1112.]

Gilbertus de Clifton, 3 Edw. I. 1274-5.

Adam de Blackburn miles, 12 ejusd. 1283-4.

Henricus de Kighley, 16 ejusd. 1287-8.

[Hugo de Biron.]
Robertas' de Hepple, 22 ejusd. 1293-4.

Simon de Baldcrston, 32 ejusd. 1303-4.

Edmundus Talbot, 32 ejusd. 1303-4.

Robertus Sherburne, 34 ejusd. 1305-6.

Joliannes de Midhope, 10 Edw. II. 1316-17.

Willielmus de Tatham, 17 ejusd. 1323-4.

Rich, de Radcliffe, 6 Edw. III. 1331-2.

Willielmus de Tatham, ad 13 ejusd. 1339-40.

Johannes de Radcliffe, ad 22 ejusd. 1348-9.

Willielmus Laurence, ad 27 ejusd. 1352-3.

Ric. de Radcliffe, et Rob. de Singleton cum eo
pro eo an.

Idem ad 38 ejusd. 1364-5.

1 [The grantees were to pay a yearly rent of 5 marks. Eendaunt per an al dit Counte et a ses heires cynk marcs

et demy a la feste de seint Michel. Coucher Book, p. 1165.]
* This Adam de Button is one of the witnesses to the foundation charter of Stanlaw, A.D. 1178; and a Dominus

Adam occurs as steward in charters of John de Lacy, who succeeded A.D. 1211 : so that, if both these names design

the same person, which I believe, he must have held the office at least 33 years.

BOOK III. CHAP. IV.]

HONOR OF CLITHEROE.

269

Godfr. Foljambe, eod. anno.
Ric. de Towneley, a 39 ad 46 ejusd. 1365-6 to

1372-3.
Gilb. de la Leigh, 49 ejusd. 1375-6.

Tho. Radcliffe, 8 Ric. II. 1384-5.
Job. de Poole, 9 ejusd. 1385-6.
Tho. Radcliffe, 10 ejusd. 1386-7.
Robertus Urswick, 16 ejusd. 1391-2.
Hen. Hoghton, 12 Hen. IV. 1410-11.
Joh. Stanley mil., 8 Hen. VI. 1429-30.
Ric. Tunstal mil., 38 ejusd. 1459-60.
Tho. Dns. Stanley, a 3 ad 19 Edw. IV. 1463-4

to 1479-80.

Tho. Comes Derbic, ad 19 Hen. VII. 1503-4.
Petrus Legh mil., a 21 ejusd. ad 2 Hen. VIII.

1505-6 to 1510-11.

Ric. Tempest mil., ad 28 ejusd. 1536-7. [Ap-

pointed 16 Dec. 1511. Duchy Register.]

Tho. Clifford mil., 30 ejusd. 1538-39. [31 Oct.

1527. Ibid.']

Arthur Darcy mil., 36 ejusd. ad 4 Edw. VI.

1544-5 to 1550-1.

Tho. Talbot mil., 1 Phil, et Mar. 1554-5.

Tho. Talbot mil. et Joh, Towneley arm. 4 ejusd.

1557-8. 1
Joh. Towneley, arm. 1 Eliz. ad ejusd. 1558-9.

Ric. Molineaux, arm. a 24 ejusd. ad 36, 1581-2 to

1593-4.
Willielmus Assheton, arm. 39 ejusd. 1596-7.

Ric. Molineaux, mil. et Ric. Vic. Molineaux, a 42

Eliz. ad 5 Car. I. 1599-1600 to 1629-30.

Jacobus Dns. Strange et Johannes Byron, miles.

Bain, ad 16 Car. 1640-1 [appointed 12 Car. I.]

[Ric'us Vicecomes Molyneux, 16 Car. I.]

Nicholas Assheton, arm. 1653.

Andrew Holden, gen. et John Lawe, gen. 1656, 2

1658.

Caryl vicecom. Molineux, [et Rie'us fil' et hcres

ejus apparens 6 Aug. 1660,] 14 Car. II.
1662-3.

Joh. Baynes, arm. 26 ejusd. 1674-5, ct 27 ejusd.

1675-6.

Tho. Stringer, mil. 33 ejusd. ad 1 Jac. II. 1881-2