Country of origin information report Turkey March 2007

TKKKÖ (Turkey and North Kurdistan Liberation Organisation) (Türkiye ve Kuzey Kürdistan Kurtuluş Örgütü)

Illegal. [48]

TKP (Communist Party of Turkey) (Türkiye Komünist Partisi)

Founded 1980 as TKP - Iscinin Sesi. Communist. Publication - “Iscinin Sesi” (Workers’ Voice). [52a]

TKP/IS (Communist Party of Turkey/Workers Voice) (Türkiye Komünist Partisi/Işçinin Sesi).

Illegal. [48] [52a]

TKP- Kivilcim (Communist Party of Turkey - Spark) (Türkiye Komünist Partisi - Kivilcim). Illegal. Founded 1989 by Socialist Homeland Party (SVP). Communist. Publications - “Kivilcim” (Spark), “Zafere Kadar Direnis”, “Yol” (The Way), “Widerstand”. [48] [52b]
TKP/ML (Communist Party of Turkey/ Marxist Leninist) (Türkiye Komünist Partisi/ Marksist-Leninist).

Founded 1972. Political military. Based on Maoist ideology. The party has suffered several divisions, with each faction claiming to be “the real party”. In 1994 it split into two wings: a partisan wing, retaining the old name TKP/ML, and an Eastern Anatolian regional committee, assuming the almost identical name TKP(ML). Talks have been under way since late 1999 concerning reunification of the two wings. In 1972 TKP/ML set up armed guerrilla units, known as TIKKO (Türk Işçiler Köylüler Kurtuluş Ordusu - Turkish Workers’ and Peasants’ Liberation Army), which are used by both TKP/ML and TKP(ML) in common for their terrorist operations. In October 1999 TKP/ML announced its complete disagreement with the call by Abdullah Öcalan, PKK leader, to end the armed struggle. TKP/ML claimed responsibility for an attack on a police car on 11 December 2000; two policemen were killed in the attack. Publications - “Partizan”, “Isci-Köylü Kurtuluşu”, “Özgür Gelecek” (Free Future). [2a] [67] [52a] [52b] [69]

TKP(ML) (Communist Party of Turkey (Marxist-Leninist) (Türkiye Komünist Partisi (Marksist-Leninist).

Split of TKP/ML in 1994. Political military. Maoist. Publications - “Isçi Köylü Kurtuluşu”, “Devrimci Demokrasi” (Revolutionary Democracy), “Öncü Partizan” (Pioneer Partisan). [52a]

TKP/(M-L) DABK (Communist Party of Turkey (Marxist-Leninist) East Anadolu Area Committee) (Türkiye Komünist Partisi (Marksist-Leninist) Doğu Anadolu Bölge Komitesi)

Illegal. [48]