Vibrios (excluding toxigenic V. cholerae O1): Although V. parahaemolyticus, V. vulnificus and non-toxigenic V. cholerae O1 are found in estuarine and marine environments in Australia, there are no data demonstrating their presence in cephalopods in Australia and no epidemiological data indicating food-borne illness from this source.
Helminthic parasites: There are no epidemiological or other data suggesting a significant likelihood of adverse health effects from helminthic parasites in cephalopods in Australia. Levels at point of consumption are likely to be significantly reduced by cooking.
Relative risk ranking for cephalopod molluscs – conclusions
Consideration of the severity of illness and the likelihood of adverse effects are combined in Table 8, to provide rankings for the various hazards associated with cephalopod molluscs. It is concluded that the relative public health risk ranking for this sector is low, based on limited consumption by the general population, low potential for presence of hazards, and the tendency for consumers to cook these products before consumption. For populations susceptible to severe illnesses due to V. vulnificus, L. monocytogenes, hepatitis A virus or mercury, the relative risk ranking is medium.
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