Dedication: 3/15/05

caelebs: unmarried

celibacy, celibate, celibately

caelum: sky, heaven; caeruleus: dark blue

caesium, ceiling (OED seems unsure; W3 assigns to caedo!), ceilometer, celesta, Celeste, celestial, celestialize, celestina, cerulean, cesium, Coelicolist, coeligenous, coelostat, supercelestial, toto caelo

caepa: onion

chive, scallions

caerimonia: sanctimony, religious rite

ceremonial, ceremonialism, ceremonialist, ceremonious, ceremoniously, ceremony, emcee, preceremonial, tea ceremony, unceremonious,

unceremoniously
Caesar: Caesar

Caesar, Caesarian, Caesarism, Caesaro-papism, Cesar, czar, czarina, czarism, jersey, Jersey City, Jersey Islands, kaiser, New Jersey, tsar, tsarina, tsarism, tzar

Calabria: Calabria

Calabria, Calabrian

calamitas: disaster

calamitous, calamitously, calamity

Caledonia: Scotland

Caledonia, Caledonian

caleo: be warm; calidus: hot; calor: heat

caldarium, caldera, caldron, calefacient, calefaction, calefactory, calenture, calescence, calescent, Calor, calorescence, caloric, caloricity, calorie, calorific, calorimeter, calorimetric, calorimetry, camouflage, caudle, cauldron, chafe, chafing, chaldron, chauffeur, chowder, decalescence, decalescent, diacalorimeter, incalescent, kilocalorie, millicalorie, nonchalance, nonchalant, nonchalantly, scald, scalder, scalding, transcalent

Coddle probably is not a derivative of caleo; see OED and W3.
caligo: mist, fog

caliginous

calix: cup: see kalux
callidus: clever

callidity

callum: hard skin

callosity, callous, callously, callus

calo (call to meeting): see concilio
calumnia: slander; calvor: to deceive

calumniate, calumniator, calumnious, calumniously, calumny, cavil, cavillation, cavilling, challenge, challengeable, challenger, challengingly, unchallengeable, unchallenged

calvus: bald

callow (OED, but W3 rejects), calvaria, Calvary, Calvin, Calvinism, Calvinist, Calvinistic, calvity

calx (gen. calcis): limestone

acalculia, calcar, calcareous, calcariferous, calcariform, calciferous, calcific, calcification, calciform, calcifuge, calcify, calcigenous, caligerous, calcination, calcine, calciphilous, calciphobous, calcite, calcium, calculability, calculable, calculate, calculation, calculator, calculiform, calculifrage, calculist, calculous, calculus, caliche, calx, causeway, chalk, chalkboard, chalky, decalcify, dyscalculia, ferrocalcite, incalculable, incalculably, miscalculate, miscalculation, monocalcic, oxycalcium, pedocal, recalcitrate, recalculate, recalculation, uncalculated

calx (gen. calcis): heel; calco: trod upon

calcaneal, calceate, caleiform, calceus, calciform, calk, calque, caulk, chaussure, cockatrice, decal, decalomania, decalcation, discalceate, discalced, ecalcarate, inculcate, inculcation, inculcator, recalcitrant

cambio: exchange

ASCII, cambium, change, changeability, changeable, changeful, changeless, changeling, change-over, changer, counterchange, everchanging, exchange, exchangeable, GIF, interchange, interchangeability, interchangeable, interchangeably, interchanger, moneychanger, procambium, rechange, sex change, short-change, stock exchange, telex, time-change, unchangeable, unchanged, unchanging, wave change

camera: vault (not in OLD): see kamara
campana: bell

campana, campaniform, campanile, campanologist, campanology, campanula

campus: field

aide-de-camp, camp, Campagna, campaign, campaigner, Campania, camper, campesino, campestral, campfire, cam-follower, campground, campimeter, campo, campsite, campus, Campus Martius, champ (n), champagne, champignon, champion, championship, cybercamp, decamp, decampment, encamp, encampment, kulturkampf, Manchester, minicamp, offcampus, on-campus, scamp (OED rejects), sheepcamp, summer camp, transit camp, war camp, work camp, youth camp

cancelli: crossmarks

cancel, cancellate, cancellation, cancelli, cancellous, chancel, chancellor, chancellorship, chancery, precancel, vice-chancellor

cancer: crab (se also karkinoV)

cancer, cancerous, cancerously, cancriform, cancrine, cancrivorous, cancroid, canker, cankerous, cankerworm, chancre, chancriform, noncancerous, precancerous

candeo: shine, be white; candidus: shiny white; accendo: burn; incendo: burn:

candela, candelabrum, candent, candescent, candid, candidacy, candidate, candidature, candidly, candidness, candle, candlelight, candlepower, candlestick, candlewick, candor, canescent, cense, censer, chandelier, chandelle, chandler, chandlery, excandescence, footcandle, frankincense, incandesce, incandescence, incandescent, incendiarism, incendiarist, incendiary, incendivity, incense, incensed, incensory, noncandidate, watch candle, wax candle

canis: dog (cf. kuwn)

canaille, canary, Canary Islands, canicide, canicular, canine, Canis Major, Canis Minor, canivorous, canophilia, cave canem, chenille, kennel, Prairie du Chien

cano, cantum: sing; carmen: song (OLD)

accent, accentual, accentuate, accentuation, accentuator, accentus, canorous, cant, cantabile, cantata, cantatory, cantatrice, canticle, cantillate, canto, cantor, canzone, carmen, chanson, chansonnette, chant, chanter, chanteuse, chanticleer, charm, charmer, charming, charmingly, charmless, charmlessly, concent, concentus, countercharm, descant, discharm, disenchant, disenchantment, disincentive, enchant, enchantee, enchanter, enchanting, enchantingly, enchantment, enchantress, encharm, inaccentuation, incant, incantation, incentive, oscines, outcharm, precentor, prince charming, recant, recantation, unaccented, warchant, watch charm, word accent

capanna: cabin (LL)

cabana, cabin, cabinet (OED, but W3 says cabinet French), cabinetry, cahoots, kitchen cabinet

caper (gen. capri): goat

cab, cabbing, cabby, cabdriver, cabless, cabman, cabriole, cabriolet, Capella, caper, Capreae, Capri, capric, capriccio, caprice, capricious, capriciously, capriciousness, Capricornus, caprification, capriform, caprigenous, caprine, capriole, chevron, pedicab, rupicapra, taxi, taxicab

capillus: hair (LS suggests derived from caput; OLD dissents.)

capillaceous, capillarity, capillary, capilliform, capillose, chevelure, disheveled, intercapillary

capio, captus: take; accipio: receive; captivus: captive; excipio: receive; incipio: begin; municipium: free town; princeps: leader; recupero: recover; suscipio: undertake

accept, acceptability, acceptable, acceptably, acceptance, acceptant, acceptation, accepted, accepting, acceptor, anticipate, anticipation, anticipative, anticipatively, anticipatory, apercu, apperceive, apperception, cable, cable-car, cablegram, cablegraph, cabler, cabling, caitiff, capability, capable, capably, capacious, capacitance, capacitate, capacitation, capacitive, capacitor, capacity, capicitance, capstan, caption, captious, captiously, captivate, captivatingly, captivation, captivator, captive, captivity, captor, capturable, capture, catch, catchable, catchall, catcher, catchpenny, catchphrase, catch-22, catchup, catchword, catchy, cater, caterer, chase, chaser, chasseur, chemoreceptor, conceit, conceited, conceitedly, conceitedness, conceitless, conceivability, conceivable, conceivably, conceive, conceiver, conceiving, concept, conceptacle, conception, conceptional, conceptionist, conceptive, conceptively, conceptual, conceptualism, conceptualist, conceptualistic, conceptualization, conceptualize, conceptually, concipience, concipient, contraception, contraceptive, contraceptively, cop (vb), counterdeception, cow-catcher, crown prince, decapacitatation, decapacitate, deceit, deceitful, deceitfully, deceitfulness, deceitless, deceivability, deceivable, deceive, deceiver, deceivingly, deception, deceptive, deceptively, deceptiveness, deceptivity, discept, dischase, disoccupation, disoccupy, emancipate, emancipation, emancipationist, emancipatist, emancipative, emancipator, emancipatory, emancipist, ESP, except, exception, exceptionable, exceptional, exceptionalism, exceptionalist, exceptionally, exceptionless, exceptive, excipient, exteroceptor, flucatcher, forceps, forcipiform, gnatcatcher, imperceptibility, imperceptible, imperceptibly, imperception, imperceptive, imperceptively, impercipient, incapability, incapable, incapably, incapacious, incapacitant, incapacitate, incapacitation, incapacity, incept, inception, inceptive, inceptor, incipience, incipiency, incipient, incipiently, inconceivability, inconceivable, inconceivably, inoccupation, insusceptibility, insusceptible, intercept, interception, interceptive, interceptor, interoceptor, introception, introceptive, introreceptor, introsuscept, introsusception, intussuscept, intussusception, irreceptive, irrecoverable, irrecoverably, misconceive, misconception, misperception monocable, municipal, municipalism, municipalist, municipality, municipalize, municipally, neuroreceptor, nociceptive, nociceptor, nonacceptance, nonparticipating, nonperception, nuncupation, nuncupative, occupance, occupancy, occupant, occupation, occupational, occupier, occupy, omnipercipience, omnipercipient, osmoceptor, owner-occupied, participant, participate, participating, participation, participational, participative, participator, participatory, participial, participle, perceivable, perceive, percept, perceptibility, perceptible, perceptibly, perception, perceptional, perceptive, perceptively, perceptiveness, perceptivity, perceptomotor, perceptron, perceptual, perceptually, perceptum, percipience, percipient, petitio principii, photoreceptor, power cable, precept, preceptee, preceptive, preceptor, preceptorial, preceptory, preceptress, preconceive, preconception, preoccupancy, preoccupant, preoccupation, preoccupied, preoccupy, prince, prince charming, prince consort, princedom, princehood, princelet, princelike, princely, princeps, prince regent, princess, Princeton, principal, principality, principally, principal parts, principate, principiant, principium, principle, proprioceptive, proprioceptor, pseudoconcept, purchasable, purchase, purchase-money, purchase-price, purchaser, purchasing power, radio receiver, radioreceptor, ratcatcher, recapture, receipt, receivable, receive, receiver, receivership, recept, receptacle, receptal, reception, receptionist, receptive, receptively, receptiveness, receptivity, receptor, recipe, recipient, recover, recovery, recuperate, recuperation, recuperative, recuperator, reoccupation, reoccupy, repurchase, Rx, self-conceit, self-concept, self-deception, semirecovery, sense-perception, skirt-chaser, spycatcher, steeplechase, sternchase, stimoceiver, storage capacity, susceptibility, susceptible, susception, susceptive, tangoreceptor, thermoreceptor, thigmoreceptor, time-catch, torpedo-catcher, transceiver, transreceiver, triceptor, unacceptable, unacceptably, unaccepted, unanticipated, uncatchable, undeceivable, undeceive, undeceived, unexceptionable, unexceptional, unoccupied, unperceived, unprincipled, unpurchased, unreceptive, unrecoverable, unusuceptible, usucapient, usucapion, usucapt, usucaption, usucaptive, varicap, wide receiver, wild goose chase, yield-capacity

See also capsa. OED derives capstan from capio; W3 says Middle English.

capo: castrated rooster

capon
cap(p)a: large cloak (LL)

a capella, cap, caparison, cape, capeador, cappucchino, capsheaf, Capuchin, carapace, chapeau, chapel, chapelry, chaplain, chaplaincy, chaplet

OED suggests at least some connection between cappa and escape.

OED suggests cap and related words may derive from cappa; AHD traces cappa to caput.
capsa: case, crate

bookcase, briefcase, caisson, capsular, capsulation, capsule, capsuliferous, capsuliform, capsuligenous, capsulize, capsulotomy, case (box), cash, cash cow, cashier (n), cash-value, casing, casket, cassette, chassis, COD, decapsulate, discase, egg-case, encapsulate, encapsulation, encapsule, encase, encasement, encash, encashable, encashment, enchase, enchaser, heptacapsular, incase, microcapsule, microcassette, pillowcase, sample case, sash (frame), showcase, slip cased, spansule, staircase, stretcher-case, suitcase, tape cassette, tea case, time capsule, transfer case, writing case

LS derives capsa from capio; OLD not sure.

OLD denies cask and casket as derivatives of capsa; ODEE supports casket.

caput (gen. capitis): head; praeceps: headlong; praecipuus: distinguished

achievable, achieve, achievement, achiever, ancipital, beef cattle, biceps, bicipital,cabbage, cabbage-eater, cabbage-flower, cabbage-plant, cabochon, cabouche, cabosh, cad, cadastral, cadastre, caddie, caddy, cadet, cadetship, cap, cape (land), capita, capital, capitalism, capitalist, capitalistic, capitalization, capitalize, capitally, capitate, capitatim, capitation, capitative, capitol, capitulant, capitular, capitulary, capitulate, capitulation, capitulationism, capitulationist, capitulator, capitulum, capo, caps, captain, captaincy, Captain Nemo, captainship, caput, catalo, cattle, cattleman, caudillo, chapter, chattel, chef, chef d’oeuvre (Fr), chevet, chief, chiefly, chieftain, chieftainship, cocaptain, commander-in-chief, co-precipitate, co-precipitation, dairy cattle, decapitalization, decapitalize, decapitate, decapitation, decapitator, exoccipital, handkerchief, jefe, kerchief, mischief, mischiefmaker, mischievous, mischievously, neckerchief, neocapitalist, noncapital, occipital, occiput, overachieve, overachiever, overcapitalize, paroccipital, per capita, planicipital, police captain, post captain, pre-capitalist, precipice, precipitable, precipitance, precipitancy, precipitant, precipitate, precipitately, precipitation, precipitative, precipitator, precipitous, precipitously, quadriceps, recap, recapitulate, recapitulation, sea captain, sinciput, space cadet, state capitalism, subcapital, suboccipital, tricaptain, triceps, unachieved

Cap, cape etc. derive from cappa (LL), ultimately (according to AHD) from caput.
carbo: charcoal

bicarbonate, boron, carbide, carbohydrate, carbolic, carbon, carbonaceous, carbonate, carbon copy, carbon dating, carbon dioxide, carbonic, carboniferous, carbonification, carbonify, carbonigenous, carbonite, carbonization, carbonize, carbon monoxide, carbon paper, carboxyl, carboxylic, carbuncle, carburation, carburization, carburetor, decacarbon, decarbonate, decarbonization, decarbonize, decarbonizer, decarburator, decarburize, dicarbon, fluorocarbon, halocarbon, heptacarbon, hydrocarbon, oxycarbonate, pentacarbon, polycarbonate, protocarbide, radiocarbon, thiocarbonate, tricarbon

OED says boron combination of borax and the -on of carbon.
carcer: prison

disincarcerate, incarcerate, incarceration, incarcerator

cardo (gen cardinis): hinge

cardinal, cardinalate, cardinality, ecardine, incardinate, incardination

carduus: thistle

card (vb), carding, chard

careo: lack

caret
caries: decay

caries, cariogenic, carious
carina: ship

careen, carina, carinate, carination, ecarinate, tricarinate

carmen: see cano
caro (gen. carnis): flesh, meat

carnage, carnal, carnality, carnalize, carnally, carnassial, carnation, carnelian, carnigerous, carnival, carnivore, carnivorous, carrion, charnel, charnel-house, chili con carne, decarnate, discarnate, disincarnate, encarnalize, excarnate, excarnation, herbicarnivorous, incarnadine, incarnate, incarnation, incarnational, incarnative, reincarnate, reincarnation

See OED: carnelian.

carpentum: two-wheeled chariot (see carrus)

carpenter, carpentry

carpo, carptum: pluck

carp (vb), carpe diem, carpet, carpetbagger, carping, discerpt, discerption, excerpt, excerptible, excerption, scarce, scarcely, scarceness, scarcity

carpus: wrist

carpal, carpus, metacarpal

carrus: wagon

boxcar, cablecar, car, carboy, career, careerist, carfare, cargador, cargo, carhop, caricaturable, caricature, caricaturist, carless, carload, carman, caroche, carpool, carport, carriage, carrier, carrierpigeon, carrosserie, carrousel, carry, carsick, charge, chargeable, chargeless, charger, chariot, charioteer, countercharge, discharge, dischargeable, dischargee, discharger, encharge, flatcar, miscarriage, miscarry, motorcar, multicharge, overcharge, overdischarge, recharge, rechargeable, second car, solar charged, streetcar, supercargo, supercharge, supercharger, surcharge, surcharger, take-charge, turbocharger, undischarged, water carriage, weapon carrier

Carthago: Carthage

Carthage, Carthaginian

cartilago: see cratis (OED, OLD, LS say ph)
carus: beloved, valued

caress, caritative, charitable, charitably, charitarian, charity, cheer, cherish, cherishingly, discharity, mega-charity, mon cher (Fr), uncharitable, uncharitableness, uncharitably

See OED: cheer.
casa: house

casa, Casablanca, casino, chalet, chasuble

caseus: cheese

caseate, casein, cheese, cheeseburger, cheesecake, cheesecloth, cheesemonger, cheesy, Parmesan cheese, Swiss cheese

castanea: chestnut: see kastanon
castra: camp; castellum: fort

Castel Gandolfo, castellan, castellate, castellation, Castile, Castilian, castle, castranetation, chateau, chatelaine, Chester, -chester, forecastle, Ilchester, Lancaster, Manchester, Rochester, Winchester

castro (1): emasculate, shorten

castrate, castration, castrative, castrato, castrator

castus: clean, pure; castigo: to correct

caste, casteless, castigate, castigation, castigator, chaste, chastely, chasten, chastener, chasteningly, chastise, chastisement, chastiser, chastity, half-caste, incest, incestuous, incestuously, unchaste, unchastely, unchastened, unchastity

casus: see cado
catena: chain

catena, catenary, catenate, catenation, catenoid, catenulate, chain, chain gang, chain letter, chain reaction, chain smoke, chainstore, chignon, concatamer, concatenate, concatenation, concatenator, disenchain, enchain, enchainement, enchainment, food chain, pawn chain, side-chain, unchain, unchained, watch chain, way chain

cathedra: easy-chair: see kaqedra
Catilina: Catiline

Catilinarian, Catiline

catinus: plate

kettle, kettledrum, teakettle

cauda (coda): tail

acaudal, bicaudal, bicaudate, cauda, caudal, caudally, caudate, caudiform, coda, coward, cowardice, cowardize, coward-like, cowardliness, cowardly, cowardy, cue (pool), cue ball, cue stick, decaudate, decaudation, dorsocaudal, ecaudate, excaudate, iliocaudal, longicaudal, magnicaudate, miscue, planicaudal, queue, queuetopia, tereticaudate, tricaudal

Cue (hint) is of uncertain derivation.
caudex: see codex
caulis: stalk

acaulescent, caulescent, caulicle, caulicolous, cauliferous, cauliflorous, cauliflower, caulocarpous, chylocaulous, cole, colewort, kale, nudicaulis, scelerocaulous

causa: reason; accuso: blame; recuso (1): refuse

acausal, accusation, accusative, accusator, accusatory, accuse, accuser, because, causable, causal, causality, causally, causation, causative, cause, cause-and-effect, cause celebre (Fr), causeless, causer, causerie, concausal, concause, disease-causing, excusable, excusably, excuse, excuseless, excusive, honoris causa, inexcusable, inexcusably, irrecusable, monocausal, omnicausality, recusancy, recusant, recuse, ruse, rush (W3), rush hour (W3), self-accusation, uncaused, unexcused

cavea: see cavus
caveo, cautum: beware

caution, cautionary, cautious, cautiously, cave canem, caveat, caveat emptor, caveat venditor, incaution, incautious, incautiously, incautiousness, overcautious, precaution, precautionary, precautious, precautiously, supercautious, ultracautious

cavilla: see calumnia

cavus: hollowed; cavea: jail

biconcave, bird-cage, cabinet (only ODEE), cabinetry (ODEE), cage, cageling, cager, cage-work, cajole, cajolery, cave, cavea, caver, cave in, caveman, cavern, cavernicolous, cavernous, cavicorn, cavitate, cavitation, cavity, concave, concavely, concavity, decoy, discage, encage, enjail, excavate, excavation, excavator, gabion, gabionade, gaol, gaoler, incavation, intracavital, jail, jailbait, jailbird, jailer, jailfever, jailor, planoconcave, saxicavous, unexcavated, wine-cave

For decoy see ODEE, OED, W3. For cabinet: ph from capanna (ph related to cavea).
cedo, cessurus: go; cesso (1): to cease; accedo: approach; concedo: yield; succedo: draw near

abscess, abscessed, accede, access, accessary, accessibility, accessible, accession, accessorial, accessorize, accessory, ancestor, ancestorial, ancestral, ancestrally, ancestress, ancestry, antecede, antecedence, antecedent, antecessor, cease, cease-fire, ceaseless, ceaselessly, cede, cessation, cession, concede, conceder, concessible, concession, concessionaire, concessional, concessionary, concessionist, concessive, concessor, co-processor, de-accession, decease, deceased, decedent, exceed, exceeding, exceedingly, excess, excessive, excessively, inaccessibility, inaccessible, incessancy, incessant, incessantly, intercede, interceder, intercession, intercessional, intercessive, intercessor, intercessory, microprocess, microprocessor, multiprocess, ne cede malis, necessarily, necessary, necessitarian, necessitariansim, necessitate, necessitation, necessitous, necessity, nonaccess, nonnecessity, nonsuccess, precede, precedence, precedency, precedent, preceder, preceding, precess, precession, precessional, precessor, predecease, predecessor, procedural, procedure, proceed, proceeder, proceeding, proceeds, process, processable, process control, procession, processional, processionally, processionary, processioner, processive, processor, process server, process theology, processual, processus, recede, recess, recession, recessional, recessionary, recessionproof, recessive, reprocess, retrocede, retrocedence, retrocession, secede, seceder, secesh, secession, secessional, secessionism, secessionist, stet processus, succedaneum, succedent, succeed, succeeder, success, success story, successful, successfully, successfulness, succession, successional, successionary, successive, successively, successless, successor, teleprocessing, unceasing, unceasingly, unneccessarily, unnecessary, unprecedented, unprecedentedly, unprecedentedness, unprocessed, unsuccessful, unsuccessfully, wet process, word processing, word processor