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Part-V: Detail Project Report
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Part-V: Detail Project Report
Access to scholarly information to all learners of the country as an academic right.
Methodology to be adopted for developing proposed national electronic library would depend largely on the underlying diverse and distributed digital collection infrastructure that constitute its building blocks. These building blocks will be enhanced and enriched with appropriate metadata with an aim to deliver these content to the widest possible audience. Methodology for handling various components of the National Electronic Library is as follows:
The CHEERS India Scheme of the MHRD would handle all electronic journals, either subscribed or those available in open access. Additional resources and additional eligible institutions, for example Schools of Planning and Architecture (SPAs), open universities and other eligible institutions, would be identified and included under CHEERS India Scheme. Journal-level access to all open access e-journals including Indian open access journals would be made accessible through CHEERS India Website. While metadata for all e-journals (subscribed or open access) at article level will be made accessible to users through an integrated interface, access to full-text articles in case of subscribed journals will be restricted only to subscribing institutions depending upon their subscription plan. Institutions / individuals who do not have access to full-text articles would be able to send their requests for supply of articles to the INFLIBNET Centre. MHRD would be requested for policy interventions for publishing in open access journals as well as for launching high-quality open access journals.
E-journals archives purchased by various consortia or by the individual member institutions would be identified and journal-level links would be provided through CHEERS India Website. Additional archives will be purchased based on demand from the users or “denials” from e-journal platforms. As in case of e-journals, metadata for e-journal archives at article level will be made accessible to users through an integrated interface, access to full-text articles, in case of subscribed e-journal archives, will be restricted only to subscribing institutions depending upon their subscription plan. Institutions / individuals who do not have access to full-text articles may send their request for supply of articles on payment basis.
All electronic books, either subscribed / purchased or available in open access, would be handled by CHEERS India Scheme of the MHRD. As in case of e-journals, metadata for all electronic books (including books that are purchased, subscribed or available in open access), preferably at chapter level will be made accessible to users through an integrated interface. However, access to full-text chapters in case of subscribed e-journal archives will be restricted only to subscribing institutions depending upon their subscription plan. Institutions / individuals who do not have access to full-text e-books may send their request for supply of chapters to the INFLIBNET Centre. Efforts would be made to extend access to e-books to users in universities that are currently available only to users in colleges under the NLIST Programme. Additional e-books would be purchased / subscribed under NLIST / CHEERS India. MHRD’s intervention would be requested for its policy interventions encouraging faculty and researchers to publish open access books.
The INFLIBNET Centre has submitted a project entitled “Interoperable Network of Distributed Institutional Repositories for Universities and Institutions of Higher Education & Research in India” for financial support to the National Mission on Education through ICT by the INFLIBNET Centre. The project was recommended for funding by the Standing Committee of the NME-ICT and is pending for approval of the Project Approval Board (PAB). The project proposes to set-up a chain of interoperable distributed institutional repositories in universities and institutions of higher education and research in India. Moreover, it is also proposed set-up a Central Institutional Repository for institutions that do not have adequate ICT infrastructure, requisite expertise and network infrastructure required for setting-up and maintaining institutional repositories. The researchers and faculty from all institutions including universities and colleges would be invited to submit their research publications into the Central Institutional Repository set-up at the INFLIBNET Centre. The INFLIBNET Centre, under the project, would extend its assistance to universities in the process of setting-up interoperable institutional repositories; providing training in maintenance of IRs and train staff and faculty in populating IRs. The participating universities would be responsible for uploading of preprints / post-prints of research articles produced by the faculty and researchers in the universities in these IRs. Moreover, the INFLIBNET Centre would also act as a service provider and harvest metadata from all repositories with an aim to provide a unified index to all submissions made in IRs distributed across beneficiary universities and other institutions of higher learning. While access to e-resources through library consortia such as UGC-INFONET Digital Library Consortium, INDEST-AICTE Consortium and N-LIST (now CHEERS India) would facilitate access to subscription-based scholarly content, institutional repositories would enable participating institutions to create a repository of their own scholarly content and share it with other universities and institutions of higher learning. Once the project is sanctioned, the INFLIBNET Centre would develop detailed documentation on how to set up IRs, standard Dublin Core based metadata schema to be used for various collection types. The Centre may either harvest metadata from all these distributed IRs in India (or world-wide depending on the policy to be decided in this regard) or hire services of a third party may be engaged for this purpose along with all other collection types available under NEL. As a policy intervention from the Ministry, it is requested that Ministry may mandate setting up of IRs in every academic institutions and submission of research articles.
The INFLIBNET Centre is developing an “Integrated e-Content Portal” for all e-content developed under NME-ICT. This portal would also index open access e-content available from other International Platforms such as Coursera, EDX, Udemy, Udacity, Kahn Academy, etc. The “Integrated e-Content Portal” will handle all requirement of this component of National Electronic Library.
Important national and international initiatives on subject gateways would be identified and either the INFLIBNET Centre or third party engaged for developing discovery services would be ask to index these identified subject gateways.
Government publications that are either degitized or are “borne digital”, art and cultural heritage objects, artifacts and manuscipts that have already been digitized by the National Mission on Manuscript (Ministry of Culture) or under projects funded by MCIT, CDAC, and Prasar Bharati, will also be an important component of National Electronic Library. Metadata for such collections would be harvested by the INFLIBNET or by third party aggregation services, if available through an institutional repository in organized and structured format. Otherwise, these collections will have to organized in digital repositories using standard metadata schema. Intervention of the Ministry would be required in such cases.
Access to subscribed e-resources is enabled on IP addresses used by member institutions, in case of UGC-INFONET & INDEST, and through proxy servers in case of NLIST. As such, access to e-resources in case of IP enabling is restricted to the university campuses although a few member institutions also provide off-campus access to the subscribed e-resources using proxy servers, VPN and other secure authentication technologies. Proxy server and VPN services can, at best, be considered as temporary solution with several inherent problems. However, a more robust authentication service is required to provide off-campus access of e-resources to the authorized users at any place and any time. This can be achieved using Shibboleth Access Management System which is widely accepted off-campus authentication mechanism by the publishers. The Shibboleth is standard-based open source middleware software that provides Web-based single sign-on (SSO) access to subscribed e-resources across the globe enabling users to access e-resources from anywhere irrespective of their physical location. The Shibboleth working architecture requires each participating institutions to set-up their own service identity provider (IDP). However, looking at the present scenario in India, several member institutions do not have requisite technical know-how and ICT infrastructure, as such, INFLIBNET Centre, as an executive agency for National Electronic Library, can take-up the task of acting as an IDP for all its members. The implementation of Shibboleth technology at INFLIBNET would result in a scenario wherein: i) the service providers (publisher) will recognize INFLIBNET Centre as a trusted organization for authenticating the user and give an option on their Web sites to select INFLIBNET as an IDP; ii) When a user chooses INFLIBNET as its IDP, he / she would be re-directed to IDP link at INFLIBNET server; iii) After verifying user's credentials, IDP at INFLIBNET will pass “user attributes” to the publisher which would include user’s institute, department and role as faculty / student / researcher; and iv) Once authenticated, user gets access to his / her authorized e-resources. Unauthenticated users would be denied access.
With ever growing number e-resources made accessible through National Electronic Library, its users would expect a single integrated interface to interact with the digital objects available in electronic library, search, browse and discover its content. A federated search and discovery service that provide seamless and coherent access to all e-resources would be an essential feature of the NEL. Local availability of metadata for all content available through NEL would be a prerequisite to an effective search and discovery service that, in turn, would provide a simple, fast and reliable search interface. It is proposed to use services of a 3rd party aggregator having agreements with a large number of publishers to index and store their metadata, that is updated frequently. The third party engaged for such services will not only index subscribed e-resources, it would also index content that are available in open access (including e-books and e-journals), e-journals archives, digital / institutional repositories, e-learning materials hosted on integrated e-content portal, etc. so as to provide integrated access to all content available in NEL. The possibilities of developing discovery services in-house can also be explored in due course of time under agreement with the publishers wherein every publisher would be required to submit metadata for the subscribed e-resource at a regular interval in a defined XML format to the NEL for developing in-house discovery service.
The usage of e-resources is one of the most important parameters to judge effectiveness of a digital library as well as relevance of a subscribed resource. Most of the libraries and library consortia in India depend on publishers to compile their usage statistics that leads to the possibilities of manual intervention and data manipulation. Moreover, manual compilation and analysis of usage statistics is a time-consuming process for a consortium having large number of member institutions. The usage of e-resources is one of the most important parameters to judge effectiveness of a digital library. Manual downloading and analysis of usage statistics is a time-consuming process for a consortium like UGC-INFONET Digital Library Consortium having more than 420 core members. COUNTER and SUSHI standards have the potential to ease the work of a consortium administrator by minimizing the time involved in manual downloading of usage statistics allowing more time for analyzing the usage statistics for better decision making. The Centre has developed a dedicated usage portal called “InfiStat” for managing the usage statistics of the Consortium and for delivering usage statistics to the member universities. The portal uses a SUSHI client for harvesting the usage reports, storing these reports into a database and providing automated usage report to the member universities. The client was developed using PHP. The InfiStat portal would enhanced and augmented to harvest and report usage statistics not only for subscribed content, but for all kinds of content made accessible through National Electronic Library. 2.11. Steps in Setting-up of the National Electronic Library
It is expected that a few software tools may be developed during the process of execution of this project. Software tools and other content thus developed will be made available as open source software for the benefit of academic community at large.
Various components of an electronic library proposed to be built are already available on the Web that are distributed across various academic and cultural institutions in India. Several of these components are built using funding from NME-ICT. A true effective, efficient and functional electronic library can be built by bringing these distributed components together using technological means of integration and consolidation. A user can draw maximum advantage from electronic content if they are available through a single integrated platform that facilities search, browse, discovery and multiple listing of all the content hosted on it. It is essential not only to host all diverse and distributed e-content into a single integrated platform to promote its usage, but it is also important to apply basic tenets of preservation and implement standard metadata schema of different types so as to ensure their long-term availability. It is envisaged that the usability of content available under National Electronic Library would increase multifold once all the e-contents are made available through a single integrated interface. Summary of DPR - with Suggested Strategies Name of the Project: National Electronic Library Control No.: Name of PI(s): Dr. Jagdish Arora, Director, INFLINET Centre, Gandhinagar Co-PI: Mr. Ashok Kumar Rai, Scientist-D Mr Yatrik Patel, Scientist-D, INFLIBNET Centre Mr Abhishek Kumar, Scientist-C, INFLIBNET Centre Name of the Institute(s): INFLINET Centre, Gandhinagar 1. Mission and Objectives
Access to scholarly information to all learners of the country as an academic right.
2. Deliverables Year-wise and its Possible Contribution to Major Objectives of Mission 3 (i). Arrangements for Quality Control Most of the e-resources that are proosed to be made accessible to the user community through National Electronic Library would be from reputed commercial publishers, scholarly societies, university presses, aggregators and open access initiatives including MOOCs. The National Electronic Library would essentially be an integrated interface to distributed repositories of e-content, each one of them having their own arrangements for quality control. Domain experts would be involved in designing an integrated interface to all e-content to be made accessible through National Electronic Library. Domain expertise would also be used for creation of metadata for content that are hosted in-house. Moreover, well-tested open source software would be used to ensure robustness of platform used for National Electronic Library. The National Electronic Library would be hosted on the NME-ICT cloud with back-up at the Data Centre at INFLIBNET Centre. 3(ii). Accuracy Most of the e-resources proposed to be made accessible through National Electronic Library would consist of peer-reviewed journals, electronic books, learning materials, etc. Accuracy of information contained in these sources would be duly authenticated by the respective agencies / publishers responsible for their creation. 3(iii). Coverage Electronic resources offered under the National Electronic Library would largely consist of resources that would be offered under Creative Commons Open Access Licensing arrangement and as such would be available to all users across the world. However, a formidable collection of e-resources that are being subscribed through consortial arrangements from scholarly societies, commercial publishers, university presses and aggregators. Subscribed resources would only be accessible to subscribing institutions. However, subscribing institutions may allow users from the public to use subscribed resources on their premises since all publishers provides for access to e-resources to “walk-in users” in their license agreements. The INFLIBNET Centre already has such a facility. National Electronic Library may also consider obtaining national licenses for e-resources having universal appeal and usability. Resources like JSTOR, important dictionaries, glossaries, encyclopedias and handbooks may be identified for national licensing. Majority of resources available in the electronic library are in English language. However, some of the documents that are scanned under Digital Library of India are available in various Indian languages. Most of the digitized legacy documents are out of copyright as such they are very old. 3(iv). Updation Mechanism The National Electronic Library would essentially be an integrated interface to distributed repositories of e-content, each one of them would have its own arrangements for updation mechanism. It may be noted that all subscribed resources as well as open access resources are updated at a regular interval ranging from quarterly to weekly. The unified index of metadata from all distributed repositories made accessible through the National Electronic Library would be updated on day-to-day basis. 3(v). Testing by Users The beta version of integrated interface to the National Electronic Library will be tested thoroughly and extensively by real users and volunteers for its robustness and features and functionalities. 3 (vi). Testing by Peer Group Most e-resources that would be offered through the National Electronic Library would have gone through the process of peer review by experts. Journals that are subscribed or that are available in open access have their editorial boards consisting of domain experts in their respective fields. Articles published in these journals are peer-reviewed by experts. Likewise, all other resources including books offered through National Electronic Library would be from reputed publishers who have established mechanism to review the content of books before publishing. Experts in the field would be invited to examine and evaluate the integrated interface for desirable features. 4. Scaling-up 4 (a). Plan: It is proposed to add new content to the National Electronic Library including content that is available in open access as well as subcribed content including electronic journals and electronic books. Moreover, all eligible institutions including universities, colleges and Centrally-funded technical institutions would be incldued under CHEERS India and would be offered access to appropriate e-resources. The INFLIBNET Centre is also developing technologies that would enable off-campus access to e-resources to eligible member insitutions irrespective of their physical location. 4 (b) i) Strategy (in-house): Not applicable ii) Outsourcing: Not applicable 5. Popularisation and Extension Activities and Plan 5(a). Strategy for Popularisation The INFLIBNET Centre, as executing agency for UGC-INFONET Digital Library Consortium, N-LIST programme, Shodhganga, Shodhgangotri, IndCat, Library Automation programme for Universities, etc. is also working very closely with universities and colleges in India. Awareness training programmes and workshops are being organized at regular intervals on e-resource awareness, library authomation, Shodhganga, NLIST, etc. Given the fact that every college is affiliated to one or another university, universities have been asked to conduct Awareness Programmes for colleges affiliated with their universities. 100s of such programmes have already been conducted in past few years. Moreover, help would be sought from Regional Offices of the UGC to generate awareness through awareness training programmes. Higher Education Directorates in states would also be contacted to help in generating awareness and for enrolling more and more colleges, universities for CHEERS India as well as other inintiatives of the INFLIBNET Centre. Newspaper advertisements will also be issued on regular interval. Advertisement will also be given in Newsletters and Magazines such as University News, Economic and Political Weekly, etc. Moreover, it would be ensured that press coverage is given to the training and awareness programmes during conferences, workshops, conventions and symposia organized by the Centre in collaboration with universities. 5(a)-i. Policy Interventions to Encourage Usage of e-Resources Made Accessible through National Electronic Library The following measures are proposed to encourage usage of e-resources made accessible through National Electronic Library:
5(b). Extension of Activities and Plan Increase in usage of e-resources including electronic journals and electronic books through National Electronic Library would be ensured to justify the cost incurred on subscription / purchase of these resources. The INFLIBNET Centre would organize awareness programmes to reach out to all its stakeholders to maximize the usage. 5(b)-i. Maintenance The National Electronic Library would be made accessible through servers hosted on NME-ICT cloud as well as in the Data Centre of INFLIBNET Centre having NKN network connectivity of 1 Gbps and Internet connectivity of 120 Mbps. The Data Centre at INFLIBNET is maintained professionally with assurance of 99.9% uptime. All services offered from the INFLIBNET’s Data Centre are giving un-interrupted services for past more than a year. Moreover, multiple servers would be deployed for load balancing with increase in number of users of the National Electronic Library. The integrated interface would be maintained and updated using user’s feedback. 5(b)-ii. User Feedback Mechanism The feedback from the users would be invited through an interface that would be made available on the website of National Electronic Library. The feedback of the user would be published online in real time environment that would be available to all visitors. Moreover, an exclusive email address i.e. nel@inflibnet.ac.in or nel@shakshat.ac.in will be created for getting feedback from the user community. 6. Review Mechanism 6(a). Frequency of Review All activities and services offered by the National Electronic Library would be reviewed as frequently as required. However, quarterly review will be ensured. 6(b). List of at least 10 Reviewers
7. Budget 7(a). Capital Expenditure: Rs. lakhs 7(a-i). Item-wise Details 7(a-ii) Focused Comments on High-cost Equipment 7(b). Revenue Expenditure: Rs. lakhs 7(b-i). Item-wise Details
7(b-ii) Focused Comments on: Total Honorarium to be Paid in the Project: As per NME-ICT guidelines Total Consultancy Fee to be Paid during the Project: As per NME-ICT guidelines 7(c). Anchor Institution for Disbursement of Funds INFLIBNET Centre, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 8. Cost Benefit Analysis Most of the e-resources proposed to be offered through the National Electronic Library are either available in open access or are being subscribed through various consortial arrangements. Detailed cost-benefit analysis for subscribed e-resources under various consortia has already been done and published in various journals. It may be noted that e-resources through the National Electronic Library would be accessible to faculty, researchers, students and staff in universities, colleges, centrally-funded technical institutions, private institutions as well as to a common man in India. This will have a great impact of quality of education and teaching, learning process. 9. Social Impact The project would essentially enable every citizen including faculty, students and researchers in colleges, universities and other institutions to access scholarly content free-of-cost. The project would provide access to e-content from diverse and distributed digital repositories in different subject disciplines as described above. Easy access to qualitative and scholarly content would bring in a new cultural of referencing and consultation in the learning process. Access to qualitative e-resources to students as well as life-long lerners would improve the learning and teaching process. As such, there would be a remarkable improvement in the quality of professionals and students coming out of colleges and universities, which, in turn, will increase their employability and over all personality. 10. Outcome: Extent to which the Project will Realize the Objectives of the Mission The project would contribute in the process of development of information enriched society. The project would successful bridge the digital divide and would help in the nation move towards knowledge society. Part-VI Document Uploaded
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