G azərbaycan respublikasi təHSİl naziRLİYİ azərbaycan texniKİ universiteti M. M. QƏNDİLova e. Q. İsmayilova

Key Words & Phrases

signify(v)	ability (n)
labor saving	growth(n)
tool (n)	development (n)
require (v)	devote (v)
guidance (n)	occupation (n)
punched card	jet airplane (n)
punched paper tape	precision (n)
other than	device (n)
ingenuity(n)	control systems
design (n)	scope (n)
bring about(v)	discover (v)

I. Answer the following questions:

1. 
   What does “automation” mean?
   
2. 
   How can automation help people?
   
3. 
   What is the formation of higher form of automation?
   
4. 
   What do punched cards represent?
   
5. 
   What kind of machine is a computer?
   
6. 
   How can a computer substitute human activities?
   
7. 
   Which functions can be performed by modern complex controls?
   
8. 
   What can an elaborate automatic control system do?
   
9. 
   Where control systems are used?
   
10. 
    Can a computer control the manufacturing processes?
    

II. Translate the following sentences into your native language:

1. 
   It is important that the design and development of automatic control systems should be a principal concern of an engineer.
   
2. 
   The chief engineer required that an elaborate automatic control system be applied in that case.
   
3. 
   It is impossible to imagine human activity without computers.
   
4. 
   As we made use of the new automatic device we had great advancement in our work last year.
   
5. 
   Without computers the development of atomic power-stations would have been impossible.
   
6. 
   The management decided to replace the old equipment by electronic devices. Nowadays automatic controls operate the engines of modern jet planes.
   
7. 
   Automatic controls relieve man of great deal of monotonous and hard labor.
   
8. 
   The problem to be studied can be simplified by the use of controlled experimental conditions.
   
9. 
   Mechanization is to be distinguished from more primitive tool using.
   
10. 
    New applications of automatic control are still being found everywhere.
    

III. Translate the following sentences into English:

1. 
   Avtomat maşınlar insanların görə bilməyəcəyi işləri görə bilirlər.
   
2. 
   Maşın dilinin yaradılması avtomatikanın ən böyük nailiyyətlərindən biridir.
   
3. 
   Avtomat maşınlar insan müdaxiləsi olmadan istənilən işi yerinə yetirə bilirlər.
   
4. 
   Müasir kompüterlər çox yüksək sürətə malik hesablayıcı maşınlardır.
   
5. 
   Kompüterlər düşünmə qabiliyyətinə malik deyillər.
   
6. 
   İstehsal proseslərinin təkmilləşdirilməsi yeni avtomat maşınların yaradılmasını tələb edir.
   
7. 
   Son illər avtomat idarəedici sistemlərin əhəmiyyəti getdikcə artır.
   
8. 
   Avtomat idarə sistemləri texnikanın bütün sahələrində mühüm rol oynayır.
   
9. 
   Avtomat idarə sistemlərinin tətbiqi geniş sənaye sahələrini əhatə edir.
   
10. 
    Bu sistemlər dəqiq nəzarət-ölçü cihazlarında da istifadə olunurlar.
    

IV. Translate the following text into your native language:
Mechanization has been going on steadily since long before the Industrial Revolution and a few of the early lathes and looms were so highly automatic that their operators were left with only the skilled work of setting and maintaining them and the unskilled work of loading and unloading them. What has happened since then is that more and improved machinery of this kind has gradually been installed while the burden of loading , unloading and handling between operations has been lightened and in some factories almost completely removed.

There are many good examples of highly automatic machinery today: the textile machines used in many processes and the automatic lathes and transfer-machines used in engineering. The transfer machine is perhaps the best example; it is really a series of machine-tools, each doing one operation automatically.

The handling of goods in factories is being rapidly mechanized.