It is the number of bits (bytes) in the key. It is the number of bits (bytes) in the key



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It is the number of bits (bytes) in the key.

  • It is the number of bits (bytes) in the key.

  • A 2-bit key has four values

  • A key of length “n” has a key space of 2^n distinct values.

  • E.g. the key is 128 bits

    • 101010101010….10010101111111
    • There are 2^128 combinations
    • 340 282 366 920 938 463 463 374 607 431 768 211 456






























Examples: DES, RC4, RC5, IDEA, Skipjack

























Symmetric Cipher

  • Symmetric Cipher

  • EK2(M) = C

  • DK2(C) = M

  • With the property that:

  • DK2(EK2(M)) = M

  • And, with different keys (public/private) we have:

  • EK1(M) = C

  • DK2(C) = M

  • DK2(EK1(M)) = M

















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