Лекция конспектісі Шымкент 2023 preface

eme-term 22
environment 23-24
equipollent opposition 29; 30

377

equipotent connection 230-231 exclamatory sentence 254-255; 362 exfixation 26
expanded and unexpanded sentence 273-274 extreme quality 220
finitude (category of) 88; 104; 137 fluctuant conversive 224 for-to infinitive phrase 106 functional expansion in transformations; see transformational procedures
functional sentence perspective: see actual division of the sentence functional words 39-40; 44-45; 47;
282
future tense 128; 143-154 futurity option (category of) 150
gender 53-62; formal g. 56 genitive case 62-64; 66-68; 69-72; g. of adverbial 71; g. of agent 70; g. of author 70; g. of comparison 71; g. of destination 71; g. of dispensed qualification 71; g. of integer 70rg. of patient 71; g. of possessor 69; g. of quantity 72; g. of received qualification 70
gerund 108-110; 116-123; 175 gerundial participle 122
gradual opposition 29
grammatical category 27-31; 35-
37; 156-158
grammatical form 27-31
grammatical idiomatism 34-35
grammatical meaning 27
grammatical morphemes 21 grammatical opposition 28; 29-
32; 35
grammatical repetition 35
grammatical suffixation: see outer inflexion
hybrid categorial formation 36-37 hypotaxis 294-296
immanent category 35-36
immediate constituents 269-271
imperative (verb-form) 188-189 imperative mood 188-189; 190-
191 imperative sentence: see inducive
sentence imperfect (verb-form) 156-157; 166; 173-174
incorrect utterances 8-9 indefinite (verb-form) 155; 172;
marked i. 166
inducive sentence 257-259
infinitive 89; 105-108; 115-118; 161-162; 175; 179-180; marked, unmarked i. 107 infixation 26; 33
inflexion 21; inner, outer i. 33-34 informative purpose 363 informative sentence perspective
244
ing-form problem 119 insert sentence 303; 342 interjection 40 intermediary phenomena 19; 36-
37; 302
interrogative sentence 259-261 inter-sentential connection 361-
363 intonational arrangement in
transformations: see transformational procedures inversive sentence 323
junctional form 134
kernel element: see head-word kernel sentence 280-281

half-gerund 118-123

head-word (kernel element) 232 hierarchy of levels 14
homonymy 11; 24
language: definition 6 language and speech 11-12 larger syntax 15 leading clause 335 leading sentence 367 let+Infinitive 190-191

378

letter 14
level of constructions 18
levels of language 14-17
lexemic level 15
lexical morphemes 21
lexical paradigm of nomination
45-47
lexicalisation of plural 58 lexico-grammatical category 38 limited case 66
limiting attribute: see attribute limitive and unlimitive verbs 95-
97; 113; 155 ;162-164; 173-174;
184
linear expansion 342 "linguistic sentence" 239 link-verb 91; 100 logical accent 249-250
macrosystem (supersystem) 11 marked (strong, positive) member
28; 30; 32 matrix sentence 303 may/might+Infinitive 190
meaningful functions of grammar
9
meaningful gender 56-57
medial voice 180-183 members of sentence: see axes of
sentence
microsystem (subsystem) 11
middle voice meaning 183
modal representation (category of)
117 modal verb 89-90; 126; 127; 161;
175
modal word 40 modality 239
modifier hierarchy 269-270 monologue speech 363-365
monolithic and segregative complex sentences 328-331
mononomination 15 monopredicative sentence 268 mood (category of) 185-203
morph 23
morpheme 15; 17-26
morpheme types: additive, replacive m. 25-26; continuous, discontinuous m. 26; free, bound m. 24; overt, covert m. 25; root, affixal m. 21; segmental, supra-segmental m. 25
morphemic composition of the
word 22
morphemic distribution 23-24 morphemic level 15 morphemic structure 17-26 morphological arrangement in transformations: see transformational procedures morphology 17
names 42; 49
native form 134
neutralisation 32; 54; 95-96; 117; 121; 127; 136; 150; 153-154; 162-164; 173-175; 183; 184; 192; 203
nominalisation 222-223; 233; 235-236; 241-242; complete, partial n. 284
nominal phrase complication 350
nominative aspect of the sentence 240-243
nominative case 73
nominative correlation 19; 20
nominative division of the sentence 243
nominative meaning 15; complete, incomplete n. m. 39
noncommunicative utterances 253
non-contrastive distribution 23-24
non-finite verb 87; see also verbids
non-terms 30
notional link-verbs 92
noun 38; 40; 49-85; general characteristics 49-53; subclasses 52-53; categories 53-85
noun+noun combination 50-51
number (category of): number of noun 57-62; number of verb 128-136
numeral 39
object 50; 98-100; 234-235; 269
object clause 314-316
object sharing 343-346
objective and subjective verbs: see verb subclasses
objective case 73
objective connection: see completive connection

379

obligatory sentence parts: 272-274
obligatory valency 98
oblique and direct mood meaning 186
occurseme 364
occursive connection 363-365
one-axis sentence 274-277
opposition 27-33; 54; 57; 81-83; 140-141; 143-145; 156-157; 158; 166; 177
oppositional reduction (substitution) 31-32; 59; 60; 61-62; 95-96; see also neutralisation; transposition
optional sentence parts 272-273
optional valency 98
organisational function of verb 97
paradigm 13; 28; p. of nomination
46-47
paradigmatic relations 13-14 paradigmatic syntax 47; 278-279 paragraph 292; 369-370 parataxis 295-296 parcellation 371 parenthesis 269
parenthetical clause 30.1; 327-328 parsing of sentence 269-270 participle past (participle II) 112-115; 180