Model gpa objective X working Compendium

Area 1: Biological hazards: bloodborne (HIV, hepatitis, etc) and airborne (influenza, TB, SARS, etc)

2009-2012 Work Plan Number	GPA1.9l Formerly AA3:H6
Project title	Risk assessment for health care workers
Keywords	risk assessment, health care workers
GPA Objective	GPA Objective 1: To devise and implement policy instruments on workers’ health Action 1.10
CC or NGO Name	National Institute of Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
Project leader Email address	Tao Li [e-mail]
Partners (of the CC Network)	WHO, ILO
Other partners
Funding	National finance support of China, WHO, ILO
Objective of the project	To give occupational health standard of bloodborne pathogens prevention and control to protect the corresponding health care workers.
Project outcome(s) and deadline(s) for completion of the project	Investigate the status about risks to health care workers especially for sharps injury The regulation about sharps injury, such as where it happens often Standard established for occupational health protection and control of bloodborne pathogens.
Target group and/or beneficiaries	Policy makers, occupational health and safety researchers, enterprise managers, health care workers
Summary of the project	Investigate the institution, such as research institution, medical institution, disease prevention and control institution, laboratory etc. To study the status of injury of bloodborne pathogens. To establish occupational health standard for bloodborne pathogens protection and control. Select different region, different scale institution as pilot departments carrying out the standard.
Dissemination	WHO documents and national documents
Impact (global or regional)	Global and national
Progress on Project (max 100 words)	We have investigated the institution, such as research institution, medical institution, disease prevention and control institution, laboratory etc and analysed the data about health care workers’ injuries. The opinion draft has been prepared.
2009-2012 Work Plan Number	GPA1.9n Formerly AA4:CE2
PROJECT Title	Protecting Health Care Workers in International Settings
GPA Objective and GPA Action	GPA Objective 1: To devise and implement policy instruments on workers’ health Action: 1.10
Priority Number and Area	1.4. Biological hazards: Bloodborne (HIV, hepatitis,etc) and airborne (‘flu,TB,SARS,etc)
This project also contributes to other GPA Priorities (List them, if applicable).	N/A
Responsible CC or NGO Name	National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
Project leader(s)	1- Ahmed Gomaa, MD, ScD [e-mail] 2- Maria Lioce-Mata [e-mail] 3- Walter A. Alarcon. [e-mail]
Network partners (CC name, country, email)	WHO; PAHO; EMRO, WHO, Four Latin American countries
WHO Regions involved in this project	PAHO Region Americas, EMRO, AFRO
Country ministries involved in this project	Vietnam,Tanzania, South Africa, Venezuela, Peru, Colombia, Council for the Arab States of the Gulf (Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, Bahrain, Oman, Yemen, and Qatar), Egypt, Pakistan and Afghanistan, Botswana, Kenya and Zimbabwe,
External partners for this project	IAES Venezuela: Dra: Maria Martinez [e-mail] DIGESA Peru: Yoan Mayta: [e-mail] EsSalud Peru: Gerardo Arias [e-mail] Ministerio Proteccion Social Colombia: Ana Maria Cabrera: [e-mail]
Summary of the project	This project advances the WHO’s efforts to reduce blood-borne pathogen infection due to needlestick injuries among health care workers in international settings. Findings will be disseminated relating to the risks encountered by individual workers. This project will adapt and translate a Toolkit, developed and tested by WHO in Asia and in Africa, to Latin America. The key tools are: Train-the-Trainer Program (CD Toolkit Prepares leaders in healthcare to prevent exposure to bloodborne infections, Surveillance System for needlestick injuries using the EPINet Program, Tool for evaluation of sharps with safety devices and Hepatitis B immunization of healthcare workers campaigns.
Target group and/or beneficiaries	The world’s 35 million healthcare workers.
Major Milestones
Dissemination plan	Various approaches will be taken to announce the availability of products, as mentioned above. The availability of the Toolkit in Latin America will be announced on listservs in Spanish and English (Red de Seguridad y Salud de los Trabajadores, Duke Occupational and Environmental Medicine listserv), through the NIOSH eNEWS, and through PAHO, WHO and ILO email lists. The document will be available at the NIOSH, PAHO, and WHO Web sites and it should be identified in any search of “hepatitis”, “SIDA”, “inyecciones”, “herramientas” (Spanish for hepatitis, AIDS, injections, tools). Also, an overview will be presented at upcoming national and international public health meetings. Finally, two new booklets will be published in the WHO Protecting Workers Health series: 1) a summary of preventing needlestick injuries lessons learned and best practices and 2) a general summary of health hazards to health care workers and control measures
Funding source(s)	NIOSH
List of outcomes already achieved by this project	From 2002-2006 A multidisciplinary team of national health, injection safety, occupational health, and national nursing organizations was formed in each of the 3 project countries. WHO and ICN held an international planning meeting in Geneva followed by 3 national workshops to develop country plans for implementation of the tool kit. The project teams evaluated and recommended adaptation of the tools to incorporate concepts of occupational health and the hierarchy of controls to protect workers from occupational hazards. Three countries conducted a baseline assessment of supplies, knowledge, skills, and behaviors prior to implementation of training tools and resources followed by a repeat assessment demonstrating an increase in knowledge of risk and controls, access to Post-exposure follow-up and prophylaxis, and in 2 of 3 countries use of sharps containers for the first time and use of safer needle devices for the first time. The resulting WHO tool kit was created and piloted by groups in 5 countries in southern Africa. This new resource: Preventing Needlestick Injuries and Occupational Exposure to HIV/AIDS recognizes the high risk procedures and devices not covered by injection safety tools endangered from the use of intravenous and phlebotomy (blood-filled) and incorporates broader principles of infection prevention and control and occupational health. The tool kit, which was launched at SIGN in 2005 includes: a revised assessment tool, key elements for occupational health programs, sharps injury log and anonymous survey to determine proportion of underreporting of incidents, and PowerPoint presentations for use as training tools and resources. By 2006-2010 1) WHO will identify occupational health professionals through ICOH, WHO Collaborating Centers, health care worker representative (unions), and professional associations; compile interests and resources and publish an annotated list of resources available globally. WHO will facilitate regional teleconferences between partners to share resources and build a network of support for country policy on health care worker safety. 2) An Aide Memoire for health care worker occupational health and safety will be developed and disseminated. 3) In Vietnam, the project will expand to consider all hazards to health care workers and develop occupational health services for health care worker health and safety. The experience in Vietnam will be shared widely in Southeast Asia and technical assistance provided to countries to develop national health care worker safety policy and programs. 4) WHO will explore the development of a campaign to immunize health care workers against Hepatitis B in collaboration with the WHO Hepatitis B immunization programs and the MOH Expanded Program of Immunizations (EPI). 5) WHO OHP and project staff will explore implementation of the needlestick prevention project in the Eastern Mediterranean Region in consultation with the newly appointed director of SIGN, Selma Khamassi, formerly of the EMRO office. 6) WHO Occupational health program will consult on health & safety education curriculum with the model health care waste management project between WHO, the UN Environment Program (UNEP). 7) The WHO Train-the-Trainer toolkit was adapted to Latin America. The approach seeks to achieve sustainable expertise within academic institutions, employers, frontline workers, and ministries. The pilot project started in 4 hospitals in Aragua State, Venezuela in 2007. Today, this Train-the-Trainer Program has reached 210 healthcare facilities and 8 universities in 12 states. It is estimated that about 30,000 healthcare workers have been reached. Recently, a surveillance system using EPINet has been added. In 2008, the project was implemented in Peru jointly with a national campaign to provide Hepatitis B immunizations to healthcare workers. To date, about 1,200 healthcare workers have been trained. About 75% of the 300,000 healthcare workers are immunized. In September 2009 the “First Regional Encounter for Latin America and the Caribbean: Health Protection of Health Care Workers” will take place in Venezuela. International representatives from Brazil, Canada, Cuba, Colombia, Ecuador, United States, Guatemala, Jamaica, Peru, Dominican Republic, Trinidad & Tobago will attend. 8) WHO and NIOSH have successfully translated and tested EPINet in Arabic. In cooperation with WHO/EMRO, the Council for the Arab States of the Gulf (Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, Bahrain, Oman, Yemen, and Qatar) is working on protecting healthcare workers from infectious agents. A regional meeting will take place in August, 2009. It will include Train-the-Trainer training on preventing needlestick injuries and exposures to occupational bloodborne pathogens and on utilizing the EPINet surveillance system The poorest countries in the region will not be able to attend. This project will extend the program to Egypt, Pakistan and Afghanistan. In Afghanistan, HHS/CDC/NIOSH has vaccinated over 3,500 healthcare workers in Kabul against hepatitis B and trained 700 rural health care workers. This project will be extended to health care workers in other provinces in Afghanistan. 9) The Southern Africa Development Commission (SADC) regional network of nurses and midwives for nursing educators trained approximately 5,000 health workers in 10 countries. As a result of this training the SADC health ministers adopted a resolution calling for the immunization of health workers in the region against hepatitis B, but lack of funding for the vaccine has prevented its wide-spread adoption. The local unions from Botswana, Kenya and Zimbabwe asked for assistance with additional training on needlesticks and with hepatitis B immunization of health workers in the public and private sectors.

2009-2012 Work Plan Number	GPA1.9q Formally AA 4: CE5d
Project title	Prevention of Needlestick Injuries in Health Care Workers
Keywords	Health, safety, needlestick, injury, health care workers, bloodborne diseases
GPA Objective	GPA Objective 1: To devise and implement policy instruments on workers’ health Action 1.10
CC or NGO Name	National Institute for Occupational Health (NIOH), South Africa
Project leader Email address	Ms Busisiwe Nyantumbu [e-mail]
Partners (of the CC Network)	NIOH, South Africa WHO
Other partners	International Council of Nurses Democratic Nursing Organisation of South Africa Department of Health, South Africa SADC AIDS Network for Nurses and Midwives
Funding	NIOH - as part of the overall project on health care workers
Objective of the project	Prevention of needlestick injuries and bloodborne infections in healthcare workers
Project outcome(s) and deadline(s) for completion of the project	Produce piloted and tested materials from the WHO Injection Safety toolkit to educate and train health care workers (2006) Facilitate training of health care workers using these materials Incorporate the materials into the curricula for medical students Produce information materials (posters and brochures)
Target group and/or beneficiaries	The world’s 35 million health care workers.
Summary of the project	This project advances the WHO’s efforts to reduce blood-borne pathogen infection due to needlestick injuries among health care workers in international settings. Findings will be disseminated relating to the risks encountered by individual workers. This project will adapt and translate a Toolkit, developed and tested by WHO in Asia and in Africa, to Latin America.
Dissemination	Various approaches will be taken to announce the availability of products, as mentioned above. The availability of the Toolkit in Latin America will be announced on listservs in Spanish and English (Red de Seguridad y Salud de los Trabajadores, Duke Occupational and Environmental Medicine listserv), through the NIOSH eNEWS, and through PAHO, WHO and ILO email lists. The document will be available at the NIOSH, PAHO, and WHO Web sites and it should be identified in any search of “hepatitis”, “SIDA”, “inyecciones”, “herramientas” (Spanish for hepatitis, AIDS, injections, tools). Also, an overview will be presented at upcoming national and international public health meetings. Finally, two new booklets will be published in the WHO Protecting Workers Health series: 1) a summary of preventing needlestick injuries lessons learned and best practices, 2) a general summary of health hazards to health care workers and control measures
Impact (global or regional)	Global
List of outcomes already achieved by this project	The execution of the project has raised awareness of the risk of sharps related HIV, HBV and HCV transmission in healthcare workers. Training of healthcare workers using materials from the toolkit. The prevalence of needlestick injuries has been detetmined. The procedures and practices which put healthcare workers at risk of HIV, HBV and HCV infection have been identified. An article for publication has been written
List of additional outcomes expected from this project by 2012	Assessment of policies related to needlestick injuries. Increasing the coverage of healthcare workers trained using the material from the toolkit.
List of additional outcomes expected by 2016	Incorporation of the materials from the toolkit in the curricula of medical students.

2009-2012 Work Plan Number	GPA1.9x
CONTRIBUTING PROJECT Title	Establishing health and safety programs for health care workers in Vietnam
GPA Objective and Action	GPA Objective 1: To devise and implement policy instruments on workers’ health Action 1.10
Priority Initiative	1.4
Responsible CC or NGO Name	WHO Collaborating Centre for Occupational Health in Vietnam, National Institute of Occupational & Environmental Health (NIOEH)
Project leader	Dr. Nguyen Duy Bao, Director, National Institute of Occupational & Environmental Health (NIOEH), 1B Yersin Str., Hanoi, Vietnam [e-mail]
Network partners	WHO Collaborating Centre for Occupational Health in Kytakyushu University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan
WHO Regions involved in this CONTRIBUTING project	Southeast Asia Pacific
Country ministries involved in this CONTRIBUTING project	Ministry of Health in Vietnam
External partners for this CONTRIBUTING project	WHO Collaborating Center in Singapore
Summary of the project	The baseline studies were already conducted. Based on these results of the current situation of working conditions, occupational hazards, occupational diseases, work-related diseases in health care workers (HCW) in Vietnam, evidence-based tools and information materials will be developed for the comprehensive protection and promotion of health for HCW, emphasizing HBV immunization. Projects include guidance documents, implementing programs, and training on OSH for HCW.
Target group and/or beneficiaries	Policy makers, occupational health and safety practitioners, enterprise managers, HCW
Events-opportunities for furthering the project
Expected results of this project by 2012 (outcomes)	Prevention model for infectious diseases in HCW will be developed and applied Training materials will be developed and disseminated Health criteria for pre-employment and periodic examination for HCW exposed to radiation and micro-organisms will be developed and promulgated
Indicators of achievement (impact)	100% of HCW at the pilot health care facilities will be immunised hepatitis B and examined and detect occupational diseases 100% of HCW will be trained on OSH
List of outcomes already achieved by this project	Prevention model for occupational hepatitis B in HCWs has been developed and applied in some health care facilities Training materials and training curriculum were already developed and are now printing and will be distributed to occupational health sections over the country The health criteria for pre-employment and periodic examination for HCW exposed to radiation and micro-organisms were already developed
List of additional outcomes expected from this project by 2012	Prevention model for occupational hepatitis B in HCWs will be expanded to apply in different health care facilities and evaluation will be carried out The TOT training courses on OSH in health care facilities will be conducted for OH staffs at provincial and district levels and for HCWs in health care facilities The model for provision of BOHS (basic occupational health services) will also developed and piloted for HCWs in some provinces
List of additional outcomes expected by 2016	Evaluation of OSH program in health care facilities

2009-2012 Work Plan Number	GPA1.9z
CONTRIBUTING PROJECT Title	Protecting Healthcare Workers from Needlestick Injuries in Afghanistan
GPA Objective and Action	GPA Objective 1: To devise and implement policy instruments on workers’ health Action 1.10
Priority Initiative	Priority 1.4:  Conduct studies and develop evidence-based tools and information materials for the comprehensive protection and promotion of health for health care workers, emphasizing HBV immunization.
Responsible CC or NGO Name	NIOSH, USA
Project leader	Margaret Kitt, HHS/CDC/NIOSH [e-mail] Maria Lioce-Mata, HHS/CDC/NIOSH [e-mail]
Network partners (CC name, country, email)
WHO Regions involved in this CONTRIBUTING project	Eastern Mediterranean Regional Office WHO Afghanistan Office
Country ministries involved in this CONTRIBUTING project	Ministry of Public Health/Afghanistan Public Health Institute Kabul Province, Bamyan, Nangarhar, and Herat Provincial Health Directors Kabul Medical University (Chancellor Obide) Institute of Health Sciences (where nursing and midwifery training is housed)
External partners for this CONTRIBUTING project	USAID UNICEF
Summary of the project	Building on established relationships with the Afghanistan Ministry of Public Health and the health sector in Afghanistan, this project advances the WHO effort to reduce bloodborne pathogen infection due to needlestick injuries among health care workers in Afghanistan.  The Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), through a grant from the CDC Foundation, has vaccinated health care workers in Kabul against hepatitis B.  Basic needlestick prevention training was conducted alongside the vaccination program.
Target group and/or beneficiaries	Health care workers in Afghanistan.
Events-opportunities for furthering the project
Expected results of this project by 2012 (outcomes)	Advancing the National Campaign for the vaccination of healthcare workers beginning in Kabul in conjunction with the implementation of the Toolkit country-wide.
Indicators of achievement (impact)	         Number of healthcare workers vaccinated          Number of healthcare facilities incorporated into the project          Number of training courses and workers trained on the toolkit          Implementation of needlestick injury surveillance; baseline information obtained on number of needlestick injuries and a 50% reduction in needlesticks over one year          Number of functioning facility health and safety committees
Major Milestones	         Appointment of Program Manager by MOPH (November 2009)          Provincial Health Directors appoint local lead (July 2009)          Needlestick surveillance initiated in MOPH maternity hospitals in Kabul and three provinces (July-Dec 2009)          Toolkit training in MOPH maternity hospitals in Kabul where vaccinations complete (July 2010)          Toolkit training and vaccinations in provinces (Begun July 2009)
Public health impact	Protection of healthcare workers from hepatitis B infection By preventing needlesticks, will also help prevent other bloodborne pathogen infections such as HIV and hepatitis C infection, for which there is no current vaccine available
Funding source(s)	Immunizations will continue until funds from the CDC Foundation are expended; simultaneously will look for alternate sources of funding for vaccine and program management to work with MOPH
Dissemination	Publication with Afghan co-authors in peer-reviewed publication
List of outcomes already achieved by this project	Vaccination program initiated in Bamyan Province August 2009 with target population of 700 healthcare workers and extended to other provinces. Almost 7,000 healthcare workers have been vaccinated as of December 2010 Mini-training initiated with follow-up scheduled for October/November 2009
List of additional outcomes expected from this project by 2012	Establishment of needlestick surveillance programs in select hospitals in Kabul and select provinces

2009-2012 Work Plan Number	New Project GPA 1.9dd
PROJECT Title	Joint WHO-ILO Policy Guidelines for Improving Health Worker Access to HIV and TB Prevention, Treatment, Care and Support
GPA Objective and GPA Action	GPA Objective 1: To devise and implement policy instruments on workers’ health Action 1.10
Priority Number and Area	Priority 1.4: Conduct studies and develop evidence-based tools and information materials for the comprehensive protection and promotion of health for health care workers, emphasizing HBV immunization
This project also contributes to other GPA Priorities.
Responsible CC or NGO Name	WHO/ILO
Project leader(s)
Network partners (CC name, country, email)	Susan Wilburn, [e-mail] Julia Lear, Lee-Nah Hsu
WHO Regions involved in this project	Occupational and Environmental Health Department of Public Health and Environment
Country ministries involved in this project
External partners for this project
Summary of the project	This Policy Guideline for Improving Health Worker Access to HIV and TB Prevention, Treatment, Care and Support aims to: Reinforce the implementation of the best practices for health workers who are living with, or have been affected by HIV or TB, or with risk of exposure to HIV and TB at work Promote and protect the health of health workers and retain them in the workforce Compile existing clinical and policy guidelines, and new evidence, into a coherent set of recommendations to improve access for health workers to HIV and TB services
Target group and/or beneficiaries	Health and labour departments, regional policy-makers, health facility managers, representatives of health workers, including unions and health professional associations, occupational health and infection control practitioners and all health workers
In progress	The Joint WHO-ILO guidelines for improving health worker access to TB and HIV prevention, treatment and care and the Global Framework for Occupational Health of Health Workers were agreed during at Joint WHO/ILO Meeting for transmission to the ILO governing board and the WHO Global Research Council for approval. WHO OH CCs (or OH partners) represented include Croatia, Egypt, Colombia, US, Thailand, South Africa.
Major Milestones
Dissemination plan	Widespread and systematic (distribution, orientation, training, monitoring and feedback)
Funding source(s)
List of outcomes already achieved by this project
List of additional outcomes expected from this project by 2012	Endorsement by ILO and WHO governing bodies of both documents. Substantial implementation of the guidelines in countries.
List of additional outcomes expected by 2016

2009-2012 Work Plan Number	GPA1.9gg New Project
PROJECT Title	Training program on occupational health surveillance and prevention of blood exposures among healthcare workers
GPA Objective (e.g. GPA5) and GPA Action (e.g Action 28)	GPA 1: To devise and implement policy instruments on workers’ health Action 1.9 …Specific programmes should be established for occupational health and safety of health care workers.
Priority Number (e.g. 5.3) and Area (if applicable) e.g Agriculture	Priority Number 1.4 Conduct studies and develop evidence-based tools and information materials for the comprehensive protection and promotion of health and safety among healthcare workers…
This project also contributes to other GPA Priorities (List them, if applicable).	Priority 1.1…provide evidence base for development, implementation and evaluation of national action plans on workers’ health
Responsible CC or NGO Name	International Healthcare Worker Safety Center (IHWSC), University of Virginia, USA
Project leader(s)	Janine Jagger [e-mail] Elayne Kornblatt Phillips [e-mail]
Network partners (CC name, country, email)	NIOSH Ahmed Gomaa [e-mail] Maria Lioce-Mata [e-mail]
WHO Regions involved in this project (contact name and email)	WHO HQ Susan Wilburn [e-mail] PAHO Marie-Claude Lavoie [e-mail] EMRO Said Arnaout [e-mail] EURO Rohko Kim [e-mail] AFRO Thebe Pule [e-mail]
Country ministries involved in this project (contact name and email)	Peru, Colombia, China
External partners for this project (contact name, organization and email)
Summary of the project (max 100 words)	EPINet surveillance tool is available in 21 languages and has been utilized in 83 countries, facilitating the identification of practices and devices that put healthcare workers at risk of exposures to contaminated blood and consequent infections.  In collaboration with WHO, NIOSH and Ministries of Health, the Center participates in in-country training conferences and fellowship training at the University of Virginia, working in WHO regions of EURO, EMRO, AFRO and AMRO. Training includes data collection and entry, report generation and interpretation, intended to improve worker safety. IHWSC maintains ongoing support with trainees and encourages network building among users.
Target group and/or beneficiaries	Healthcare workers, hospitals, policy makers
Major Milestones (list up to three dates and milestones)	2010- training in Peru and Colombia 2011- training in Croatia, and ongoing support for development in Ireland and China 2012- training in two sites TBD, and ongoing support for existing users. Support of user network.
Dissemination plan	Conference presentation and collaboration with colleagues in publication preparation.
Funding source(s)	WHO, PAHO, NIOSH, University of Virginia, participating countries
List of outcomes already achieved by this project	Training in WHO regions of EURO, EMRO, AFRO and AMRO. Training at University of Virginia for Fellows from Japan, China, Russia, Egypt, Zambia, India, and Uganda
List of additional outcomes expected from this project by 2012
List of additional outcomes expected by 2016	Further expansion of EPINet, and ongoing support of users. Work with Ministries to improve the safety policy for healthcare workers. Assist with international collaborations

Area 2: Musculoskeletal disorders / Ergonomics

2009-2012 Work Plan Number	GPA1.9c Formerly AA2:RS7
CONTRIBUTING PROJECT Title	Controlling Occupational Safety and Health Hazards among Health Care Workers
GPA Objective and Action	GPA Objective 1: to devise and implement policy instruments on workers’ health Action 1.10
Priority Initiative	Priority 1.4: Conduct studies and develop evidence-based tools and information materials for the comprehensive protection and promotion of health for health care workers, emphasizing HBV immunization.
Responsible CC or NGO Name	National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, Japan (JNIOSH)
Project leader	Masaya Takahashi, PhD [e-mail]
Network partners	None
WHO Regions involved in this CONTRIBUTING project	WPRO
Country ministries involved in this CONTRIBUTING project	Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare, Japan
External partners for this CONTRIBUTING project	Derek R. Smith, Ph.D., WorkCover NSW Research Centre of Excellence, University of Newcastle, [e-mail]
Summary of the project	The objective of this project is to investigate the sleep problems associated with work schedules, musculoskeletal disorders and care equipment, preventive factors of needlestick and sharps injuries among health care workers (HCW) in hospitals and nursing homes. The results obtained will be made use of developing the educational and guidance documents to help improve the levels of occupational safety and health of HCW.
Target group and/or beneficiaries	HCW in a variety of Asia-Pacific countries, especially those working in hospitals and nursing homes
Events-opportunities for furthering the project	Collaboration with a US NIOSH project to devise work schedule risk prevention training programs.
Indicators of achievement (impact)	Number of peer-reviewed articles and guidance documents in plain language.
Major Milestones	Publication in peer-reviewed journals (at least one paper per year) and the guidance documents by 2012.
Public health impact	Improved occupational safety and health among HCW as direct impact and upgraded quality of health care service to the recipient as indirect impact.
Funding source(s)	JNIOSH
List of outcomes already achieved by this project	Peer-reviewed scientific publications, conference abstracts, and guidance documents. Main deliverables or outcomes thus far: Takahashi M, et al. Musculoskeletal pain and night-shift naps in nursing home care workers. Occup Med (Lond). 2009 May; 59(3):197-200. Griefahn B, (Takahashi M), et al. Shiftwork and health impacts - A guidance for occupational health experts, employers and employees. (under review by WHO CC experts) Iwakiri K, et al. Development of "Checklist for Prevention of Low Back Pain in Health Care Workers" in the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare, Japan Smith DR, et al. Organizational climate and its relationship with needlestick and sharps injuries among Japanese nurses. Am J Infect Control. 2009; 37(7): 545-50. Smith DR, et al. Hospital safety climate, psychosocial risk factors and needlestick injuries in Japan. Ind Health 2010; 48(1): 85-95.
Expected results of this project by 2012 (outcomes)	Evidence and the relevant materials to improve the working conditions for HCW in terms of work schedules, musculoskeletal disorders, and needlestick / sharps injuries.
List of additional outcomes expected by 2016