Nabokov, Nicolas [Nikolay]



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Nowak, Lionel


(b Cleveland, 25 Sept 1911; d Bennington, VT, 4 Dec 1995). American pianist and composer. He made his début as a pianist at the age of four and studied with Beryl Rubenstein and Edwin Fischer; as a teenager he was an organist and choirmaster. At the Cleveland Institute he studied composition with Herbert Elwell, Roger Sessions and Quincy Porter (diploma, 1936). He taught at Fenn College (1932–8) and in 1938 became the composer and music director for the Doris Humphrey-Charles Weidman Modern Dance Company, a position which he held until 1942. From 1942 to 1946 he taught at Converse College and conducted the Spartanburg (South Carolina) SO. He was professor of music at Syracuse University (1946–8) and then joined the faculty at Bennington College. He toured as a pianist and lecturer for the Association of American Colleges Arts Program (1945–63) and he helped to plan the 1963 Yale Conference on Music Education; he was also chief consultant to the Manhattanville College (Purchase, New York) Music Curriculum Project (1965–72). The style of his dance scores is accessible; from the mid-1950s he made increasing use of serial techniques. The Concert Piece (1961) is among his recorded works. After suffering a stroke in 1980, Nowak paid special attention to composing piano pieces for the right hand alone and commissioned works from Otto Luening, Vivian Fine and others.

WORKS


Dance scores: Square Dances (D. Humphrey), pf, 1938; Danzas mexicanas (J. Limón), pf, 1939; On my Mother’s Side (C. Weidman), 1939; The Green Land (Humphrey), pf, 1941; Flickers (Weidman), 1942; House Divided (Weidman), 1944; Story of Mankind (Humphrey), orch, 1946

Inst: Concertino, pf, orch, 1944; Suite, 4 Pages from a Musical Diary, 1944; Suite, 4 wind, 1945; Sonata, ob, pf, 1949; Orrea Pernel, sonata, vn, 1950; Sonata no.1, vc, pf, 1950; Diptych, str qt, 1951; Fantasia, 3 insts, 1951; Sonata no.2, vc, pf, 1951; Qt, ob, str, 1952; Pf Trio, 1954; Duo, va, pf, 1960; Sonata no.3, vc, pf, 1960; Concert Piece, timp, str, 1961; Soundscape, pf, 1964; Soundscape, 3 ww; Soundscape, str qt; 4 Fancies for 5 Players, fl, cl, bn, va, vc, 1980; 4 Green Mountain Sketches, fl, vc, 1981; Suite, 2 vc, 1981; Games, suite, 4 fl, 1984; 4 Lemmas, vc, pf, ?1987

Vocal: Poems for Music (R. Hillyer), 5 songs, T, cl, 1951; Wisdom Exalteth her Children, double women’s chorus, 1952; 4 Songs from Vermont, T, pf, 1953; 7 Songs from the Diary of Izumi Shikibu, 1v, pf, 1982

Edn: Cowboys and the Songs they Sang, collection of song settings, ed. S.J. Sackett (New York, 1967)

Principal publishers: ACA, New Music, Smith College Valley

BIBLIOGRAPHY


T. Strongin: ‘Composers on Main Street’, American Composers Alliance Bulletin, xii/1 (1964), 1–8

B. Holland: ‘Cello-and-Piano Pieces by Bennington Teacher’, New York Times (17 Nov 1987)

BARBARA L. TISCHLER


Nowakowski, Józef


(b Mniszek, nr Radom, 16 Sept 1800; d Warsaw, 27 Aug 1865). Polish composer and teacher. He was a pupil at the Cistercian school at Wąchock, where he also studied music theory, the piano, horn and trombone. He was a member of the chapel at Wąchock and at Radom; he also taught at Ciepielów, near Opatów, the estate of Joachim Karczewski. He studied composition with Elsner and the piano with Wilhelm Würfel at the Warsaw Conservatory (1821–6). In 1833 he embarked on a major tour of Germany, Italy and France, and afterwards made several visits to Paris. In 1833 he was elected a member of the Société Académique des Enfants d’Apollon in Paris. He made his home in Warsaw, where he gave private piano lessons and also taught at the Aleksandryjski Institute (1840–44) and the Institute of Music (1861–4). In 1860 he became a member of the music society in Lemberg. Most of Nowakowski’s music is for piano, and is influenced by Chopin. He also wrote a textbook, Szkoła na fortepian (‘Manual of piano playing’, Warsaw, 1850).

WORKS


Orch: 2 syms, no.1, D, 1830, no.2, D, 1846; 4 ovs.; Concertino, trbn, orch, arr. trbn, pf (Kraków, 1870)

Chbr: 2 pf qnts, op.10 (Warsaw, 1833), op.17 (Paris, 1857); Str qt

Kbd: Rondeau pour la polonaise, op.1 (Leipzig, 1826); 12 études, op.25 (Paris, 1847); fantasias; nocturnes; mazurkas; polonaises

Vocal: Hymn do Bogarodzicy [Hymn to the Mother of God], SATB (Warsaw, 1861); Pieśni i piosenki szkolne [School Songs and Ditties] (Poznań, 1860); other songs

For fuller list see SMP

ALINA NOWAK-ROMANOWICZ

Nowak-Romanowicz [née Nowak], Alina


(b Warsaw, 14 Jan 1907; d Katowice, 19 Jan 1994). Polish musicologist. She studied the piano with J. Turczyński and theory with P. Rytel and K. Sikorski at the Warsaw Conservatory (1926–32), art history at Warsaw University (1929–32) and musicology with Jachimecki at Kraków University (1931–5). She lectured at the State Music School in Katowice (1947–52, 1957–9), and in the musicology department at Kraków University (1960–73); she worked at the state publishers, Polskie Wydawnictwo Muzyczne, in Kraków (1956–61). In 1961 she obtained the doctorate with a dissertation on Józef Elsner; this is founded on a wealth of source material and combines biography with a penetrating analysis of the works, considered in the context of European music. Her work on Polish music of the age of Enlightenment and early Romanticism, in which questions of musical style are seen in the light of contemporary Polish social, political and artistic conditions, made a valuable contribution to the history of Polish music. Nowak-Romanowicz also devoted much attention to national elements in Polish music at the turn of the 18th century, and made a number of performing editions of work by Elsner, Dobrzyński and other Polish composers.

WRITINGS


Sonaty Józefa Elsnera [Elsner's sonatas] (Kraków, 1936)

‘Paralelizm tematyczny w twórczości Elsnera i Chopina’ [Parallel themes in the works of Elsner and Chopin], Studia muzykologiczne, iv (1955), 141–51

ed.: J. Elsner: Summariusz moich utworów muzycznych z objaśnieniami o czynnościach i działaniach moich jako artysty muzycznego [A list of my compositions with explanations on my function and activities as a musician] (Kraków, 1957)

‘Ideologia Józefa Elsnera a Chopin’ [The ideologies of Józef Elsner and Chopin], The Works of Frederick Chopin: Warsaw 1960, 713–17

with T. Kuryłowicz and T. Strumiłło: Poglądy na muzykę kompozytorów polskich doby przedchopinowskiej [Musical opinions of Polish composers in the pre-Chopin period] (Kraków, 1960) [incl. ‘Poglądy estetyczno-muzyczne Józefa Elsnera’ [The musical aesthetics of Józef Elsner], 51–99]

Józef Elsner (diss., U. of Kraków, 1961; Kraków, 1957)

‘The Age of Enlightenment’, Polish Music, ed. S. Jarociński (Warsaw, 1965), 80–103

‘Znaczenie historyczne fortepianowej “Dumy” Macieja Kamieńskiego’ [The historical significance of the piano Duma of Maciej Kamieński], Z dziejów muzyki polskiej, ix (Bydgoszcz, 1965), 44–52

‘Musik in den Theaterformen des ehemaligen Polens’, Musica antiqua Europae orientalis I: Bydgoszcz and Toruń 1966, 310–33

‘Muzyka polskiego oświecenia i wczesnego romantyzmu’ [Polish music in the age of enlightenment and early Romanticism], Z dziejów polskiej kultury muzycznej, ii, ed. A. Nowak-Romanowicz and others (Kraków, 1966), 9–152

‘Niektóre problemy opery polskiej między Oświeceniem a Romantyzmem’ [Some problems in Polish opera between the Enlightenment and Romanticism], Studia Hieronymo Feicht septuagenario dedicata, ed. Z. Lissa (Kraków, 1967), 328–36

‘Oświecenie – Preromantyzm’, Muzyka polska: informator, ed. S. Śledziński (Kraków, 1967), 77–95

‘O uzbeckiej muzyce ludowej’ [On Uzbek folk music], Muzyka, xviii (1972), 100–08

‘Polskie fantazje fortepianowe doby przedchopinowskiej’, Studia musicologica aesthetica, theoretica, historica: Zofia Lissa w 70. rocznicę urodzin, ed. E. Dziębowska (Kraków, 1979), 349–58

‘Muzyka fortepianowa Franciszka Lessla’, Franciszek Lessel w 200 rocznicę urodzin kompozytora (Gdańsk, 1980), 83–98

‘Nauka teorii muzyki w podręcznikach doby klasycyzmu polskiego (1750–1830)’, Muzyka, xxv/3 (1980), 53–65

‘Utwór na śmierć księcia Józefa Poniatowskiego’, Muzyka, xxvii/3–4 (1982), 99–109

‘Zélis et Valcour Michała Kleofasa Ogińskiego’, Muzykologia krakowska 1911–1986, ed. E. Dziębowska (Kraków, 1987), 99–106

‘Twórczość komediowa Michała Kazimierza Ogińskiego i Katarzyny II’, Muzyka, xxxv/2 (1990), 110–13



Klasycyzm 1750–1830: historia muzyki polskiej, iv, ed. S. Sutkowski (Warsaw, 1995)

ZOFIA HELMAN



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